riscv: cfi: reduce shadow stack size limit from 4GB to 2GB

Follow the ARM64 GCS (Guarded Control Stack) implementation approach
by reducing the shadow stack size allocation from min(RLIMIT_STACK, 4GB)
to min(RLIMIT_STACK/2, 2GB). See commit 506496bcbb42 ("arm64/gcs: Ensure
that new threads have a GCS")

Rationale:

1. Shadow stacks only store return addresses (8 bytes per entry), not
   local variables, function parameters, or saved registers. A 2GB
   shadow stack is far more than sufficient for any practical
   application, even with extremely deep recursion. Using half the size
   maintains adequate margin while being more resource-efficient.

2. On memory-constrained systems (e.g., platforms with only 4GB of
   physical memory, which is a common configuration), allocating 4GB
   of virtual address space for shadow stack per process/thread can
   lead to virtual memory allocation failures when the overcommit mode
   is set to OVERCOMMIT_GUESS or OVERCOMMIT_NEVER:
   Error: "__vm_enough_memory: not enough memory for the allocation"

This reduces virtual address space consumption by 50% while maintaining
more than adequate space for return address storage.

Signed-off-by: Zong Li <zong.li@sifive.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260428024105.645162-1-zong.li@sifive.com
[pjw@kernel.org: clean up patch description]
Signed-off-by: Paul Walmsley <pjw@kernel.org>

1 files changed, 4 insertions, 3 deletions

diff --git a/arch/riscv/kernel/usercfi.c b/arch/riscv/kernel/usercfi.c
index 6eaa0d94fdfe..cbfb4e495e9f 100644
--- a/arch/riscv/kernel/usercfi.c
+++ b/arch/riscv/kernel/usercfi.c
@@ -109,15 +109,16 @@ void set_indir_lp_lock(struct task_struct *task, bool lock)
 	task->thread_info.user_cfi_state.ufcfi_locked = lock;
 }
 /*
- * If size is 0, then to be compatible with regular stack we want it to be as big as
- * regular stack. Else PAGE_ALIGN it and return back
+ * The shadow stack only stores the return address and not any variables
+ * this should be more than sufficient for most applications.
+ * Else PAGE_ALIGN it and return back
  */
 static unsigned long calc_shstk_size(unsigned long size)
 {
 	if (size)
 		return PAGE_ALIGN(size);
 
-	return PAGE_ALIGN(min_t(unsigned long long, rlimit(RLIMIT_STACK), SZ_4G));
+	return PAGE_ALIGN(min(rlimit(RLIMIT_STACK) / 2, SZ_2G));
 }
 
 /*