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6 daysMerge tag 'cgroup-for-7.3-rc1-fixes' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup Pull cgroup fixes from Tejun Heo: - After cgroup.kill was written to a cgroup, every child cloned into it with CLONE_INTO_CGROUP was spuriously killed because the fork path snapshotted the kill counter before resolving the target cgroup - Releasing an isolated cpuset partition dropped the isolation of CPUs isolated on the kernel command line - Selftest and documentation fixes * tag 'cgroup-for-7.3-rc1-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup: selftests/cgroup: test clone3() into a previously killed cgroup cgroup: fix spurious SIGKILL of CLONE_INTO_CGROUP children selftests/cgroup: Add test for preserving boot-isolated CPUs cgroup/cpuset: Preserve boot-isolated CPUs on partition release selftests/cgroup: Drop invalid boot isolation comparison docs: cgroup-v2: fix misc.events key format description selftests/cgroup: Fix cg_run_in_subcgroups ignoring arg parameter selftests/cgroup: set the test plan after the setup checks
6 daysselftests/cgroup: test clone3() into a previously killed cgroupEtienne Perot
Once cgroup.kill had been written to a cgroup, a stale kill_seq snapshot (taken in cgroup_css_set_fork() before the target cgroup was resolved) caused every child subsequently cloned into that cgroup with clone3(CLONE_INTO_CGROUP) to be SIGKILLed on the spot. Add a regression test: create a cgroup, kill it while it is empty, then clone a child into it and check that the child runs and exits cleanly. On a kernel without the fix, the test fails: not ok 4 test_cgkill_clone_into_killed The test is skipped on kernels without clone3() or without CLONE_INTO_CGROUP. Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev> Assisted-by: LLM Signed-off-by: Etienne Perot <eperot@google.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
10 daysMerge tag 'mm-stable-2026-08-26-15-22' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm Pull more MM updates from Andrew Morton: - "mm/rmap: index MAP_PRIVATE file-backed folios by anonymous pgoff" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Index MAP_PRIVATE file-backed folios by their anonymous page offset to resolve confusion around reverse mapping for zeroed and CoW'd file-backed memory. Use this new VMA anonymous page offset tracking to eliminate index conflicts and lay the foundation for scalable CoW performance improvements. - "promote mapped executable folios after first usage for MGLRU" (Baolin Wang) Make MGLRU's protection of mapped executable file folios more reliable. Follow the classical LRU's logic, promoting mapped executable file folios after their first usage to give executable code a better chance to stay in memory and improve workload performance. - "mm: vmscan: fix node reclaim ignoring swappiness parameter" (Ridong Chen) Fix per-node proactive reclaim interface's ignoring the swappiness parameter when CONFIG_MEMCG is disabled by consolidating sc_swappiness() into a single function that checks proactive_swappiness regardless of kernel configuration. - "mm/vmscan: reduce lru_lock contention via vmstat-derived scan-balance cost" (Usama Arif) Reduce lru_lock contention in the reclaim path by deriving scan-balance costs from vmstat counters rather than lock-acquired producer updates. Read and decay these cost signals on the reclaim side under a dedicated per-lruvec lock, reducing total LRU lock wait time by over 60% without impacting scan throughput. - "zram: fix zram issues reported by sashiko" (Sergey Senozhatsky) Fix two low-risk zram bugs which Sashiko spotted in drive-by review. - "Honor XA_FLAGS_ACCOUNT in xas_split_alloc() and charge to folio's memcg" (Zi Yan) Fix xas_split_alloc() by enabling target folio memcg charging during splits and adding the missing __GFP_ACCOUNT flag for proper XArray node memory accounting. - "selftests/mm: use pattern matching in .gitignore" (Pratyush Mallick) Replace hardcoded binary names in selftests/mm/.gitignore with a generic pattern-matching rule to automatically ignore generated test files and avoid manual updates when adding new tests. - "mm/page_ext: remove pgdat_page_ext_init()" (Sang-Heon Jeon) Make the incompatibility between FLATMEM and NUMA explicit in mm/Kconfig and remove the unused pgdat_page_ext_init() function. - "zram: fix zstd error paths and add parameter validation" (Haoqin Huang) Clean up zram compression backends by removing redundant error cleanup, adding parameter and dictionary validation, auto-prefixing algorithm error logs, and resetting parameters prior to reinitialization. - "zram: fix stale scan bounds after reinitialization" (Longlong Xia) Prevent out-of-bounds slot accesses during concurrent zram resets by moving table scan bound calculations under dev_lock in writeback_store() and read_block_state(). - "add anon mTHP collapse test cases" (Baolin Wang) Extend selftests helper functions to support arbitrary page orders and add new test cases and options for mTHP collapse in khugepaged. - "selftests/mm: Handle unsupported and transient test conditions" (Muhammad Usama Anjum) Update MM selftests to report a SKIP status instead of a failure when required kernel or filesystem features are unsupported, while adding retry logic for transient page migration errors. - "mm/zswap: Fixes and improves the zswap shrink" (Hao Jia) Fix the missing zswap global shrinker when CONFIG_MEMCG is disabled and extend shrink_memcg() to support batch writeback for improved writeback efficiency. - "alloc_tag: introduce IOCTL-based filtering for MAP" (Suren Baghdasaryan) Introduce an IOCTL-based binary interface for memory allocation profiling that enables kernel-side filtering before per-CPU counter aggregation. This eliminates the text-parsing overhead of /proc/allocinfo and provides up to a 20x speedup by transferring only filtered allocation data to userspace. - "better block swap batching and a different take on swap_ops v5" (Christoph Hellwig) Refactor block swap I/O to use swap_iocb for batching instead of single-bio requests and rebase the swap_ops interface, achieving faster swap throughput during kernel builds. - "mm: kmemleak: reduce transient false positives by confirming leaks" (Catalin Marinas) Reduce false-positive kmemleak reports by combining two kmemleak enhancements that add a second confirmation scan and a configurable minimum unreferenced scan count module parameter. - "mm: kmemleak: default min_unref_scans to 2 for verbose kernels" (Breno Leitao) Auto-scanning kernels can generate false-positive memory leak reports on single scans, so this patch defaults min_unref_scans to 2 when CONFIG_DEBUG_KMEMLEAK_VERBOSE is enabled to require a second confirming scan. - "swap_ops updates" (Christoph Hellwig) Batching I/O for synchronous swap devices causes performance regressions and filesystem-based swap suffers from double-indirection overhead. This series resolves both issues by reintroducing per-folio writes for synchronous swap and allowing filesystems to directly export their own swap_ops. - "mm/khugepaged: several cleanups" (Nico Pache) khugepaged accumulated redundant state-checking patterns and outdated comments following mTHP integration. Introduce dedicated helpers for PTE validation and event counting while refreshing the internal documentation. - "maple_tree: lock checking and clean ups" (Liam Howlett) Syzbot reports incorrectly blame memory management exit paths for locking bugs, maple tree erase operations risk allocation failures without gfp flags and internal documentation lacks clarity. Improve lock error detection, update docs, fix race and allocation edge cases and optimize erase allocations using a fallback to GFP_KERNEL | GFP_NOFAIL. * tag 'mm-stable-2026-08-26-15-22' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (172 commits) selftests/proc: make proc-maps-race work with READ_IMPLIES_EXEC memcg: move LRU size accounting on reparenting instead of copying it mm/vmscan: fix comment logic in balance_pgdat maple_tree: add helper mas_make_walkable() maple_tree: avoid extra gap calculation maple_tree: fix argument name in header maple_tree: change two GFP flags in tests maple_tree: document erase and allocations better maple_tree: avoid mas_erase() and mtree_erase() failures maple_tree: document that erase may use GFP_KERNEL for allocations maple_tree: catch race in mas_alloc_cyclic() maple_tree: add bulk parent set helper maple_tree: micro optimisation of mas_wr_store_type() maple_tree: optimise mas_wr_node_store() when not in rcu mode maple_tree: use prefetched value in mas_wr_store_type() maple_tree: clarify comments on mas_nomem() maple_tree: drop MAPLE_ALLOC_SLOTS maple_tree: drop dead code from mas_extend_spanning_null() maple_tree: documentation fix maple_tree: add write lock checking with lockdep sequence numbers ...
13 daysselftests/cgroup: test_zswap: skip test_no_kmem_bypass if debugfs is unavailableWilson Felipe Pereira
test_no_kmem_bypass() needs to read /sys/kernel/debug/zswap/stored_pages via get_zswap_stored_pages() to verify that compressed pages are charged to the memcg. When running in an environment where debugfs is not mounted or CONFIG_DEBUG_FS is disabled, get_zswap_stored_pages() fails, causing the loop to terminate early and report a false negative (KSFT_FAIL). Selftests should not fail if debugfs is unavailable, and it should print a message when it is skipped. While I'm here, also add a warning message if the test is being skipped due to totalram size and make the check for totalram more readable. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: clarify debugfs-unavailable error message] Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260812050848.848882-1-wfelipe@google.com Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260811051434.3805648-1-wfelipe@google.com Signed-off-by: Wilson Felipe Pereira <wfelipe@google.com> Reviewed-by: Anshuman Khandual <anshuman.khandual@arm.com> Reviewed-by: SJ Park <sj@kernel.org> Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com> Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
13 daysselftests/cgroup: Add test for preserving boot-isolated CPUsGuopeng Zhang
Put a CPU isolated at boot into an isolated partition, change the partition back to member and check that the CPU remains isolated. Signed-off-by: Guopeng Zhang <zhangguopeng@kylinos.cn> Reviewed-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
13 daysselftests/cgroup: Drop invalid boot isolation comparisonGuopeng Zhang
check_isolcpus() clears ISOLCPUS before rebuilding it from sched domain data. Comparing that empty value with /sys/devices/system/cpu/isolated makes the test fail whenever isolcpus=domain is present. That sysfs file is generated from HK_TYPE_DOMAIN_BOOT and does not change when cpuset updates HK_TYPE_DOMAIN. Re-reading it cannot validate dynamic housekeeping updates. The cpuset.cpus.isolated and sched domain checks already cover the two dynamic interfaces, so remove the invalid comparison. This can be reproduced on a kernel booted with isolcpus=domain,15: # tools/testing/selftests/cgroup/test_cpuset_prs.sh The test fails its first state-matrix isolation check before the change and continues past that check afterward. Fixes: 6df415aa46ec ("cgroup/cpuset: Defer housekeeping_update() calls from CPU hotplug to workqueue") Signed-off-by: Guopeng Zhang <zhangguopeng@kylinos.cn> Reviewed-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-08-20selftests/cgroup: Fix cg_run_in_subcgroups ignoring arg parameterHongfu Li
cg_run_in_subcgroups() discards its arg and always passes NULL to cg_run(), turning the (void *)100 from test_kmem_dead_cgroups() into NULL so no allocation occurs. This makes test_kmem_dead_cgroups() falsely pass without exercising the "dying cgroup with charged slab" scenario it intends to test. Pass the arg through to cg_run() to fix this. Fixes: 933dc80ec262 ("kselftests: cgroup: add kernel memory accounting tests") Signed-off-by: Hongfu Li <lihongfu@kylinos.cn> Reviewed-by: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-08-19selftests/cgroup: set the test plan after the setup checksHemanth Selam
The cgroup tests announce their plan before checking whether cgroup v2 is available, so on a host without it they promise a number of results and then skip out after the first one: TAP version 13 1..3 ok 1 # SKIP cgroup v2 isn't mounted # Planned tests != run tests (3 != 1) # Totals: pass:0 fail:0 xfail:0 xpass:0 skip:1 error:0 ksft_exit_skip() can only emit a well formed "1..0 # SKIP" line while no plan has been printed, as the comment above it in kselftest.h points out. Move ksft_set_plan() below the setup checks that can skip, so that a skipped run reports: TAP version 13 1..0 # SKIP cgroup v2 isn't mounted Several of the tests skip more than once while setting up, for a missing or unwritable controller as well, so the plan goes after the last of them. test_core joins its two setup paths at the post_v2_setup label and sets the plan there. Reporting each planned test as skipped instead would keep the plan where it is, but the setup failures here mean the whole test cannot run rather than its individual cases being skipped, which is what "1..0 # SKIP" is for. Fixes: 1dc830ee4c15 ("selftests/cgroup: conform test to KTAP format output") Signed-off-by: Hemanth Selam <hemanth.selam@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Sarthak Sharma <sarthak.sharma@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-08-14selftests/cgroup: Remove redundant chown in test_cgcore_lesser_ns_openShaojie Sun
test_cgcore_lesser_ns_open runs as root throughout and never changes its euid, so chowning the two cgroup.procs files to a non-root uid has no effect on the test. The ENOENT the test expects comes from the cgroup namespace delegation check in cgroup_procs_write_permission(): the source and destination cgroups must both be descendants of the namespace root captured at open time. That check does not depend on file ownership. In addition, the permission check only examines the common ancestor's cgroup.procs file (the test root here), which the chown calls do not touch. Remove the redundant chown calls and the now unused test_euid and cg_test_a_procs variables. Signed-off-by: Shaojie Sun <sunshaojie@kylinos.cn> Reviewed-by: Tao Cui <cuitao@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-08-13selftests/cgroup: Preserve CPU hotplug write errorsRui Qi
The cpuset partition root state selftest checks several CPU hotplug transitions. If writing to a CPU online file fails, the helper still runs pause afterwards and returns the status of pause instead of the failed write. This hides the real hotplug failure and can make later checks run against expectations for a transition that never happened. Move the write before the bookkeeping and return when it fails, so callers can observe the hotplug error and the test does not record a CPU as offline unless the offline operation actually succeeded. Also change the O* command handler in set_ctrl_state() to use "eval $COMM $REDIRECT" like all other handlers. The previous version set COMM but still called write_cpu_online directly, bypassing the redirect that captures stderr for error reporting. Changes since v1: - Use eval $COMM $REDIRECT in the O* handler instead of calling write_cpu_online directly (Waiman Long) Fixes: a8c52eba880a ("kselftest/cgroup: Add cpuset v2 partition root state test") Signed-off-by: Rui Qi <qirui.001@bytedance.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-08-11cgroup/cpuset: Add test for partition root invalidation returning wrong CPUsShaojie Sun
Add a test case to REMOTE_TEST_MATRIX covering the bug fixed by commit 345f40166694 ("cgroup/cpuset: Return only actually allocated CPUs during partition invalidation"). The test verifies that when a sibling partition root changes its cpuset.cpus to overlap with another partition root, only actually allocated CPUs (effective_xcpus) are returned to the parent, not all CPUs in cpus_allowed. Signed-off-by: Shaojie Sun <sunshaojie@kylinos.cn> Reviewed-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-08-10selftests/cgroup: Avoid awk -e in cpuset testsRui Qi
The cpuset selftests use awk -e to parse cgroup mount points. This works with gawk, but mawk rejects the option. In test_cpuset_prs.sh, this leaves CGROUP2 empty and causes the test to skip as if cgroup v2 were not mounted. The same non-portable invocation exists in the cpuset v1 hotplug test. The scripts only need to pass a single awk program. Use the standard awk invocation without -e so mount point detection works with awk implementations that do not support the gawk extension. Fixes: a8c52eba880a ("kselftest/cgroup: Add cpuset v2 partition root state test") Fixes: 812c5945bdb8 ("cgroup/cpuset: Add test_cpuset_v1_hp.sh") Signed-off-by: Rui Qi <qirui.001@bytedance.com> Acked-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ridong Chen <ridong.chen@linux.dev> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-08-02selftests/cgroup: add user_usec sanity check in test_cpucg_niceShaojie Sun
In test_cpucg_nice, after the child process exits, user_usec is read from cpu.stat but the value is not checked. Add a sanity check to ensure user_usec > 0, analogous to test_cpucg_stats(), so that the test fails early if CPU usage wasn't properly accounted. Signed-off-by: Shaojie Sun <sunshaojie@kylinos.cn> Reviewed-by: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Acked-by: Tao Cui <cuitao@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-07-17selftests/cgroup: Fix minor defects in test_cpusetWaiman Long
With commit 98149f542530 ("selftests/cgroup: Add test for cpuset affinity on controller disable"), sashiko [1] reported 3 different issues with the new test_cpuset_affinity_on_controller_disable() test. 1) `cpu_set_equal` iterates over mask bytes instead of bits, ignoring CPUs >= 8. 2) Thread synchronization logic allows the main thread to read uninitialized stack memory, causing test flakiness. 3) Test fails instead of skipping gracefully on uniprocessor systems or when CPU 1 is unavailable. Fix the reported issues by: 1) Iterates over the bit size of the mask. 2) Test the new ready flag for each thread to end the wait on the conditional variable and eliminate the now unneeded AFFINITY_THREAD_A_READY and AFFINITY_THREADS_READY test phases. 3) Return KSFT_SKIP on "cpuset.cpus" setting failure. [1] https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260712235510.373125-1-longman%40redhat.com Fixes: 98149f542530 ("selftests/cgroup: Add test for cpuset affinity on controller disable") Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-07-17selftests/cgroup: Remove redundant cg_enter_current() call in test_coreJian Guo
The test_cgcore_no_internal_process_constraint_on_threads test has two back-to-back cg_enter_current(root) calls in its cleanup path. A single cg_enter_current() call atomically migrates the entire thread group to the target cgroup even for multi-threaded processes, and this test creates no extra threads or child processes that would require a second migration attempt. The second call is a harmless no-op once the process is already in the root cgroup, but it is redundant and inconsistent with the cleanup logic used in all other cgroup core selftest cases. Remove the duplicate call to clean up the code. No functional change is intended. Signed-off-by: Jian Guo <guojian@kylinos.cn> Acked-by: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Tested-by: Tao Cui <cuitao@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-07-16selftests/cgroup: Add test for cpuset affinity on controller disableMichal Koutný
Add a new selftest that exposes a bug in cpuset_attach() where thread CPU affinity is not properly updated when the cpuset controller is disabled in a threaded cgroup hierarchy. The test creates a threaded cgroup hierarchy with two child cgroups (A and B) having different cpuset.cpus constraints: - Parent: cpuset.cpus=0-1 - Child A: cpuset.cpus=0-1 - Child B: cpuset.cpus=1 (restricted to CPU 1 only) A multithreaded process is created with threads placed in different cgroups. When the cpuset controller is disabled on the parent, thread affinities should be updated to match the parent's cpuset. Expected behavior: - thread_a affinity: {0-1} before and after (unchanged) - thread_b affinity: {1} before, {0-1} after (expanded) Current buggy behavior: - thread_b affinity remains {1} after controller disable Assisted-by: Claude:claude-sonnet-4-5 Signed-off-by: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Acked-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-07-14selftests/cgroup: fix missing TAP output in test_hugetlb_memcgSong Hu
main() in test_hugetlb_memcg never calls ksft_print_header(), ksft_set_plan(), or ksft_finished(), so its output has no TAP plan and is not valid TAP, unlike the sibling test_memcontrol and test_kmem tests. Add the header/plan/finished calls following the same pattern. Signed-off-by: Song Hu <husong@kylinos.cn> Reviewed-by: Tao Cui <cuitao@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-06-29selftests/cgroup: Adjust cpu test duration based on HZJoe Simmons-Talbott
For lower HZ values a quota of 1000us is much lower than the amount of microseconds per tick which makes the tests test_cpucg_max and test_cpugc_max_nested fail. Increase the test duration to accommodate for lower HZ values. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20260625203307.1114538-1-joest@redhat.com/ Signed-off-by: Joe Simmons-Talbott <joest@redhat.com> Acked-by: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-06-24cgroup/cpuset: Avoid unnecessary cpus & mems update in ↵Waiman Long
cpuset_hotplug_update_tasks() As reported by sashiko [1], cpuset_hotplug_update_tasks() may perform unnecessary task iteration and updating of tasks' CPU and node masks when mems_allowed and/or cpus_allowed are not set in cpuset v2. It is due to the fact that the temporary new_cpus and new_mems masks do not inherit parent's effective_cpus/mems when they are empty which is the expected behavior for cpuset v2 since commit 4ec22e9c5a90 ("cpuset: Enable cpuset controller in default hierarchy"). Fix that and avoid unnecessary work by enhancing compute_effective_cpumask() to add the empty cpumask check and inheriting the parent's versions if empty when in v2. A new compute_effective_nodemask() helper is also added to perform a similar function for new effective_mems. Add new test_cpuset_prs.sh test cases to confirm that effective_cpus will inherit the parent's version if cpuset.cpus is empty. [1] https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260621032816.1806773-1-longman%40redhat.com Suggested-by: Ridong Chen <ridong.chen@linux.dev> Fixes: 4ec22e9c5a90 ("cpuset: Enable cpuset controller in default hierarchy") Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Ridong Chen <ridong.chen@linux.dev> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-06-19Merge tag 'mm-stable-2026-06-18-09-26' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton: - "selftests/mm: clean up build output and verbosity" (Li Wang) Remove some noise from the MM selftests build - "mm: Free contiguous order-0 pages efficiently" (Ryan Roberts) Speed up the freeing of a batch of 0-order pages by first scanning them for coalescing opportunities. This is applicable to vfree() and to the releasing of frozen pages - "mm/damon: introduce DAMOS failed region quota charge ratio" (SeongJae Park) Address a DAMOS usability issue: The DAMOS quota often exhausts prematurely because it charges for all memory attempted, causing slow and inconsistent performance when actions fail on unreclaimable memory. To fix this, a new feature lets users set a smaller, flexible quota charge ratio (via a numerator and denominator) for failed regions. Since failed actions cause less overhead, reducing their quota cost ensures more predictable and efficient DAMOS processing - "selftests/cgroup: improve zswap tests robustness and support large page sizes" (Li Wang) Fix various spurious failures and improves the overall robustness of the cgroup zswap selftests - "fix MAP_DROPPABLE not supported errno" (Anthony Yznaga) Fix an issue in the mlock selftests on arm32 - "mm: huge_memory: clean up defrag sysfs with shared" (Breno Leitao) Some maintenance work in the huge_memory code - "treewide: fixup gfp_t printks" (Brendan Jackman) Use the special vprintf() gfp_t conversion in various places - "mm: Fix vmemmap optimization accounting and initialization" (Muchun Song) Fix several bugs in the vmemmap optimization, mainly around incorrect page accounting and memmap initialization in the DAX and memory hotplug paths. It also fixes pageblock migratetype initialization and struct page initialization for ZONE_DEVICE compound pages - "mm/damon: repost non-hotfix reviewed patches in damon/next tree" A sprinkle of unrelated minor bugfixes for DAMON - "mm: remove page_mapped()" (David Hildenbrand) Remove this function from the tree, replacing it with folio_mapped() - "mm/damon: let DAMON be paused and resumed" (SeongJae Park) Allow DAMON to be paused and resumed without losing its current state - "kasan: hw_tags: Disable tagging for stack and page-tables" (Muhammad Usama Anjum) Simplify and speed up kasan by removing its ineffective tagging of stacks and page tables - "mm/damon/reclaim,lru_sort: monitor all system rams by default" (SeongJae Park) Simplify deployment on diverse hardware like NUMA systems by updating DAMON_RECLAIM and DAMON_LRU_SORT to automatically monitor the physical address range covering all System RAM areas by default, replacing the overly restrictive behavior that only targeted the single largest memory block to save on negligible overhead - "mm/damon/sysfs: document filters/ directory as deprecated" (SeongJae Park) Update some DAMON docs - "mm: use spinlock guards for zone lock" (Dmitry Ilvokhin) Switch zone->lock handling over to using the guard() mechanisms - "mm/filemap: tighten mmap_miss hit accounting" (fujunjie) Fix a flaw where the mmap_miss counter over-credited page cache hits during fault-arounds and page-fault retries. This results in significant reduction of redundant synchronous mmap readahead I/O, drastically cutting down execution time and gigabytes read for sparse random or strided memory access workloads - "selftests/cgroup: Fix false positive failures in test_percpu_basic" (Li Wang) Fix a couple of false-positives in the cgroup kmem selftests - "mm/damon/reclaim: support monitoring intervals auto-tuning" (SeongJae Park) Add a new parameter to DAMON permitting DAMON_RECLAIM to automatically tune DAMON's sampling and aggregation intervals - "mm/damon/stat: add kdamond_pid parameter" (SeongJae Park) Change DAMON_STAT to provide the pid of its kdamond - "mm/kmemleak: dedupe verbose scan output" (Breno Leitao) Remove large amounts of duplicated backtraces from the verbose-mode kmemleak output - "mm: remove CONFIG_HAVE_BOOTMEM_INFO_NODE (Part 1)" (David Hildenbrand) Reduce our use of CONFIG_HAVE_BOOTMEM_INFO_NODE, with a view to removing it entirely in a later series - "mm/damon: validate min_region_size to be power of 2" (Liew Rui Yan) Prevent users from passing a non-power-of-2 value of `addr_unit', as this later results in undesirable behavior - "mm: document read_pages and simplify usage" (Frederick Mayle) - "tools/mm/page-types: Fix misc bugs" (Ye Liu) Fix three issues in tools/mm/page-types.c - "mm: misc cleanups from __GFP_UNMAPPED series" (Brendan Jackman) Implement several cleanups in the page allocator and related code - "mm, swap: swap table phase IV: unify allocation" (Kairui Song) Unify the allocation and charging of anon and shmem swap in folios, provides better synchronization, consolidates the metadata management, hence dropping the static array and map, and improves performance - "mm/damon: introduce data attributes monitoring" (SeongJae Park( Extend DAMON to monitor general data attributes other than accesses - "mm/vmalloc: free unused pages on vrealloc() shrink" (Shivam Kalra) Implement the TODO in vrealloc() to unmap and free unused pages when shrinking across a page boundary - "mm/damon: documentation and comment fixes" (niecheng) - "remove mmap_action success, error hooks" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Eliminate custom hooks from mmap_action by removing the problematic success_hook which allowed drivers to improperly access uninitialized VMAs. It replaces the error_hook with a simple error-code field and updates the memory char driver accordingly - "mm/damon: minor improvements for code readability and tests" (SeongJae Park) - "mm/damon: fix macro arguments and clarify quota goals doc" (Maksym Shcherba) - "userfaultfd: merge fs/userfaultfd.c into mm/userfaultfd.c" (Mike Rapoport) - "mm/mglru: improve reclaim loop and dirty folio" (Kairui Song and others) Clean up and slightly improves MGLRU's reclaim loop and dirty writeback handling. Large performance improvements are measured - "use vma locks for proc/pid/{smaps|numa_maps} reads" (Suren Baghdasaryan) Use per-vma locks when reading /proc/pid/smaps and numa_maps similar to reduce contention on central mmap_lock - "refactors thpsize_shmem_enabled_store() and thpsize_shmem_enabled_show()" (Ran Xiaokai) Some cleanup work in the THP code - "selftests/memfd: fix compilation warnings" (Konstantin Khorenko) Fix a few build glitches in the memfd selftest code. - "memcg: shrink obj_stock_pcp and cache multiple objcgs" (Shakeel Butt) Resolve a 68% performance regression caused by NUMA-node cache thrashing around struct obj_stock_pcp by shrinking its existing fields and expanding it into a multi-slot array that caches up to five obj_cgroup pointers per CPU, allowing per-node variants of the same memcg to coexist within a single 64-byte cache line. - "zram: writeback fixes" (Sergey Senozhatsky) address a couple of unrelated zram writeback issues - "mm: switch THP shrinker to list_lru" (Johannes Weiner) Resolve NUMA-awareness issues and streamlines callsite interaction by refactoring and extending the list_lru API to completely replace the complex, open-coded deferred split queue for Transparent Huge Pages - "mm: improve large folio readahead for exec memory" (Usama Arif) Improve large-folio readahead on systems like 64K-page arm64 by preventing the mmap_miss check from permanently disabling target-oriented VM_EXEC readahead, and by generalizing the force_thp_readahead gate to support mappings with any usefully large maximum folio order under the cache cap. - "userfaultfd/pagemap: pre-existing fixes" (Kiryl Shutsemau) Fix a bunch of minor issues in the userfaultfd/pagemap, all of which were flagged by Sashiko review of proposed new material - "mm/sparse-vmemmap: Provide generic vmemmap_set_pmd() and vmemmap_check_pmd()" (Muchun Song) Provide generic versions of these two functions so the four arch-specific implementations can be removed. - "mm/swap, PM: hibernate: fix swapoff race in uswsusp by pinning swap device" (Youngjun Park) Address a uswsusp-vs-swapoff race and reduces the swap device reference taking/releasing frequency. - "mm/hmm: A fix and a selftest" (Dev Jain) * tag 'mm-stable-2026-06-18-09-26' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (321 commits) selftests/mm/hmm-tests: test pagemap reads of PMD device-private entries fs/proc/task_mmu: do not warn on seeing non-migration pmd entry lib/test_hmm: check alloc_page_vma() return value and handle OOM mm/compaction: cap compact_gap() at COMPACT_CLUSTER_MAX mm/swap: remove redundant swap device reference in alloc/free mm/swap, PM: hibernate: fix swapoff race in uswsusp by pinning swap device mm/filemap: use folio_next_index() for start vmalloc: fix NULL pointer dereference in is_vm_area_hugepages() sparc/mm: drop vmemmap_check_pmd helper and use generic code loongarch/mm: drop vmemmap_check_pmd helper and use generic code riscv/mm: drop vmemmap_pmd helpers and use generic code arm64/mm: drop vmemmap_pmd helpers and use generic code mm/sparse-vmemmap: provide generic vmemmap_set_pmd() and vmemmap_check_pmd() rust: page: mark Page::nid as inline userfaultfd: build __VMA_UFFD_FLAGS from config-gated masks userfaultfd: gate must_wait writability check on pte_present() mm/huge_memory: preserve pmd_swp_uffd_wp on device-private PMD downgrade fs/proc/task_mmu: fix hugetlb self-deadlock in pagemap_scan_pte_hole() fs/proc/task_mmu: use huge_page_size() in pagemap_scan_hugetlb_entry() fs/proc/task_mmu: fix make_uffd_wp_huge_pte() prot-update race ...
2026-06-17Merge tag 'cgroup-for-7.2' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup Pull cgroup updates from Tejun Heo: - Last cycle deferred css teardown on cgroup removal until the cgroup depopulated, so a css is not taken offline while tasks can still reference it. Disabling a controller through cgroup.subtree_control still had the same problem. This reworks the deferral from per-cgroup to per-css so that path is covered too. - New RDMA controller monitoring files: rdma.peak for per-device peak usage and rdma.events / rdma.events.local for resource-limit exhaustion. The max-limit parser was rewritten, fixing two input parsing bugs. - cpuset: fix a sched-domain leak on the domain-rebuild failure path and skip a redundant hardwall ancestor scan on v2. - Misc: pair the remaining lockless cgroup.max.* reads with WRITE_ONCE, assorted selftest robustness fixes, and doc path corrections. * tag 'cgroup-for-7.2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tj/cgroup: (22 commits) cgroup: Migrate tasks to the root css when a controller is rebound docs: cgroup: Fix stale source file paths cgroup/cpuset: Free sched domains on rebuild guard failure cgroup: pair max limit READ_ONCE() with WRITE_ONCE() selftests/cgroup: enable memory controller in hugetlb memcg test cgroup/rdma: Drop unnecessary READ_ONCE() on event counters cgroup: Defer kill_css_finish() in cgroup_apply_control_disable() cgroup: Add per-subsys-css kill_css_finish deferral cgroup: Move populated counters to cgroup_subsys_state cgroup: Annotate unlocked nr_populated_* accesses with READ_ONCE/WRITE_ONCE cgroup: Inline cgroup_has_tasks() in cgroup.h cgroup/rdma: document rdma.peak, rdma.events and rdma.events.local cgroup/rdma: add rdma.events.local for per-cgroup allocation failure attribution cgroup/rdma: add rdma.events to track resource limit exhaustion cgroup/rdma: add rdma.peak for per-device peak usage tracking selftests/cgroup: check malloc return value in alloc_anon functions cgroup/cpuset: Skip hardwall ancestor scan in cpuset v2 in cpuset_current_node_allowed() selftests/cgroup: fix misleading debug message in test_cgfreezer_time_child selftests/cgroup: fix child process escaping to parent cleanup in test_cpucg_nice selftests/cgroup: Add NULL check after malloc in cgroup_util.c ...
2026-05-28selftests/cgroup: include slab in test_percpu_basic memory checkLi Wang
test_percpu_basic() currently compares memory.current against only memory.stat:percpu after creating 1000 child cgroups. Observed failure: #./test_kmem ok 1 test_kmem_basic ok 2 test_kmem_memcg_deletion ok 3 test_kmem_proc_kpagecgroup ok 4 test_kmem_kernel_stacks ok 5 test_kmem_dead_cgroups memory.current 11530240 percpu 8440000 not ok 6 test_percpu_basic That assumption is too strict: child cgroup creation also allocates slab-backed metadata, so memory.current is expected to be larger than percpu alone. One visible path is: cgroup_mkdir() cgroup_create() cgroup_addrm_file() cgroup_add_file() __kernfs_create_file() __kernfs_new_node() kmem_cache_zalloc() These kernfs allocations are charged as slab and show up in memory.stat:slab. Update the check to compare memory.current against (percpu + slab) within MAX_VMSTAT_ERROR, and print slab/delta in the failure message to improve diagnostics. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260501022058.18024-3-li.wang@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Li Wang <li.wang@linux.dev> Reviewed-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Cc: Sayali Patil <sayalip@linux.ibm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-05-28selftests/cgroup: fix hardcoded page size in test_percpu_basicLi Wang
Patch series "selftests/cgroup: Fix false positive failures in test_percpu_basic", v2. This patch series addresses two separate issues that cause false positive failures in the test_percpu_basic test within the cgroup kmem selftests. The first issue stems from a hardcoded assumption about the system page size, which breaks the test on architectures with larger page sizes. The second issue is an overly strict memory check that fails to account for the slab metadata allocated during cgroup creation. This patch (of 2): MAX_VMSTAT_ERROR uses a hardcoded page size of 4096, which assumes 4K pages. This causes test_percpu_basic to fail on systems where the kernel is configured with a larger page size, such as aarch64 systems using 16K or 64K pages, where the maximum permissible discrepancy between memory.current and percpu charges is proportionally larger. Replace the hardcoded 4096 with sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE) to correctly derive the page size at runtime regardless of the underlying architecture or kernel configuration. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260501022058.18024-1-li.wang@linux.dev Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260501022058.18024-2-li.wang@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Li Wang <li.wang@linux.dev> Acked-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Sayali Patil <sayalip@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeelb@google.com> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-05-28selftests/cgroup: test_zswap: wait for asynchronous writebackLi Wang
zswap writeback is asynchronous, but test_zswap.c checks writeback counters immediately after reclaim/trigger paths. On some platforms (e.g. ppc64le), this can race with background writeback and cause spurious failures even when behavior is correct. Add wait_for_writeback() to poll get_cg_wb_count() with a bounded timeout, and use it in: test_zswap_writeback_one() when writeback is expected test_no_invasive_cgroup_shrink() for the wb_group check This keeps the original before/after assertion style while making the tests robust against writeback completion latency. No test behavior change, selftest stability improvement only. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260424040059.12940-9-li.wang@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Li Wang <li.wang@linux.dev> Acked-by: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev> Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com> Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Cc: Jiayuan Chen <jiayuan.chen@linux.dev> Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-05-28selftest/cgroup: fix zswap attempt_writeback() on 64K pagesize systemLi Wang
In attempt_writeback(), a memsize of 4M only covers 64 pages on 64K page size systems. When memory.reclaim is called, the kernel prefers reclaiming clean file pages (binary, libc, linker, etc.) over swapping anonymous pages. With only 64 pages of anonymous memory, the reclaim target can be largely or entirely satisfied by dropping file pages, resulting in very few or zero anonymous pages being pushed into zswap. This causes zswap_usage to be extremely small or zero, making zswap_usage/4 insufficient to create meaningful writeback pressure. The test then fails because no writeback is triggered. On 4K page size systems this is not an issue because 4M covers 1024 pages, and file pages are a small fraction of the reclaim target. Fix this by: - Always allocating 1024 pages regardless of page size. This ensures enough anonymous pages to reliably populate zswap and trigger writeback, while keeping the original 4M allocation on 4K systems. - Setting zswap.max to zswap_usage/4 instead of zswap_usage/2 to create stronger writeback pressure, ensuring reclaim reliably triggers writeback even on large page size systems. === Error Log === # uname -rm 6.12.0-211.el10.ppc64le ppc64le # getconf PAGESIZE 65536 # ./test_zswap TAP version 13 1..7 ok 1 test_zswap_usage ok 2 test_swapin_nozswap ok 3 test_zswapin not ok 4 test_zswap_writeback_enabled ... Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260424040059.12940-8-li.wang@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Li Wang <li.wang@linux.dev> Acked-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org> Acked-by: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev> Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Cc: Jiayuan Chen <jiayuan.chen@linux.dev> Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-05-28selftest/cgroup: fix zswap test_no_invasive_cgroup_shrink on large pagesize ↵Li Wang
system test_no_invasive_cgroup_shrink sets up two cgroups: wb_group, which is expected to trigger zswap writeback, and a control group (renamed to zw_group), which should only have pages sitting in zswap without any writeback. There are two problems with the current test: 1) The data patterns are reversed. wb_group uses allocate_bytes(), which writes only a single byte per page — trivially compressible, especially by zstd — so compressed pages fit within zswap.max and writeback is never triggered. Meanwhile, the control group uses getrandom() to produce hard-to-compress data, but it is the group that does *not* need writeback. 2) The test uses fixed sizes (10K zswap.max, 10MB allocation) that are too small on systems with large PAGE_SIZE (e.g. 64K), failing to build enough memory pressure to trigger writeback reliably. Fix both issues by: - Swapping the data patterns: fill wb_group pages with partially random data (getrandom for page_size/4 bytes) to resist compression and trigger writeback, and fill zw_group pages with simple repeated data to stay compressed in zswap. - Making all size parameters PAGE_SIZE-aware: set allocation size to PAGE_SIZE * 1024, memory.zswap.max to PAGE_SIZE, and memory.max to allocation_size / 2 for both cgroups. - Allocating memory inline instead of via cg_run() so the pages remain resident throughout the test. === Error Log === # getconf PAGESIZE 65536 # ./test_zswap TAP version 13 ... ok 5 test_zswap_writeback_disabled ok 6 # SKIP test_no_kmem_bypass not ok 7 test_no_invasive_cgroup_shrink Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260424040059.12940-7-li.wang@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Li Wang <li.wang@linux.dev> Acked-by: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev> Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com> Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Cc: Jiayuan Chen <jiayuan.chen@linux.dev> Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-05-28selftests/cgroup: replace hardcoded page size values in test_zswapLi Wang
test_zswap uses hardcoded values of 4095 and 4096 throughout as page stride and page size, which are only correct on systems with a 4K page size. On architectures with larger pages (e.g., 64K on arm64 or ppc64), these constants cause memory to be touched at sub-page granularity, leading to inefficient access patterns and incorrect page count calculations, which can cause test failures. Replace all hardcoded 4095 and 4096 values with a global pagesize variable initialized from sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE) at startup, and remove the redundant local sysconf() calls scattered across individual functions. No functional change on 4K page size systems. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260424040059.12940-6-li.wang@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Li Wang <li.wang@linux.dev> Acked-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Jiayuan Chen <jiayuan.chen@linux.dev> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev> Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Cc: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com> Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-05-28selftests/cgroup: rename PAGE_SIZE to BUF_SIZE in cgroup_utilLi Wang
The cgroup utility code defines a local PAGE_SIZE macro hardcoded to 4096, which is used primarily as a generic buffer size for reading cgroup and proc files. This naming is misleading because the value has nothing to do with the actual page size of the system. On architectures with larger pages (e.g., 64K on arm64 or ppc64), the name suggests a relationship that does not exist. Additionally, the name can shadow or conflict with PAGE_SIZE definitions from system headers, leading to confusion or subtle bugs. To resolve this, rename the macro to BUF_SIZE to accurately reflect its purpose as a general I/O buffer size. Furthermore, test_memcontrol currently relies on this hardcoded 4K value to stride through memory and trigger page faults. Update this logic to use the actual system page size dynamically. This micro-optimizes the memory faulting process by ensuring it iterates correctly and efficiently based on the underlying architecture's true page size. (This part from Waiman) Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260424040059.12940-5-li.wang@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Li Wang <li.wang@linux.dev> Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Acked-by: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev> Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com> Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Cc: Jiayuan Chen <jiayuan.chen@linux.dev> Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-05-28selftests/cgroup: use runtime page size for zswpin checkLi Wang
test_zswapin compares memory.stat:zswpin (counted in pages) against a byte threshold converted with PAGE_SIZE. In cgroup selftests, PAGE_SIZE is hardcoded to 4096, which makes the conversion wrong on systems with non-4K base pages (e.g. 64K). As a result, the test requires too many pages to pass and fails spuriously even when zswap is working. Use sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE) for the zswpin threshold conversion so the check matches the actual system page size. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260424040059.12940-4-li.wang@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Li Wang <li.wang@linux.dev> Reviewed-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org> Acked-by: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev> Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Cc: Jiayuan Chen <jiayuan.chen@linux.dev> Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-05-28selftests/cgroup: avoid OOM in test_swapin_nozswapLi Wang
test_swapin_nozswap can hit OOM before reaching its assertions on some setups. The test currently sets memory.max=8M and then allocates/reads 32M with memory.zswap.max=0, which may over-constrain reclaim and kill the workload process. Replace hardcoded sizes with PAGE_SIZE-based values: - control_allocation_size = PAGE_SIZE * 512 - memory.max = control_allocation_size * 3 / 4 - minimum expected swap = control_allocation_size / 4 This keeps the test pressure model intact (allocate/read beyond memory.max to force swap-in/out) while making it more robust across different environments. The test intent is unchanged: confirm that swapping occurs while zswap remains unused when memory.zswap.max=0. === Error Logs === # ./test_zswap TAP version 13 1..7 ok 1 test_zswap_usage not ok 2 test_swapin_nozswap ... # dmesg [271641.879153] test_zswap invoked oom-killer: gfp_mask=0xcc0(GFP_KERNEL), order=0, oom_score_adj=0 [271641.879168] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 177372 Comm: test_zswap Kdump: loaded Not tainted 6.12.0-211.el10.ppc64le #1 VOLUNTARY [271641.879171] Hardware name: IBM,9009-41A POWER9 (architected) 0x4e0202 0xf000005 of:IBM,FW940.02 (UL940_041) hv:phyp pSeries [271641.879173] Call Trace: [271641.879174] [c00000037540f730] [c00000000127ec44] dump_stack_lvl+0x88/0xc4 (unreliable) [271641.879184] [c00000037540f760] [c0000000005cc594] dump_header+0x5c/0x1e4 [271641.879188] [c00000037540f7e0] [c0000000005cb464] oom_kill_process+0x324/0x3b0 [271641.879192] [c00000037540f860] [c0000000005cbe48] out_of_memory+0x118/0x420 [271641.879196] [c00000037540f8f0] [c00000000070d8ec] mem_cgroup_out_of_memory+0x18c/0x1b0 [271641.879200] [c00000037540f990] [c000000000713888] try_charge_memcg+0x598/0x890 [271641.879204] [c00000037540fa70] [c000000000713dbc] charge_memcg+0x5c/0x110 [271641.879207] [c00000037540faa0] [c0000000007159f8] __mem_cgroup_charge+0x48/0x120 [271641.879211] [c00000037540fae0] [c000000000641914] alloc_anon_folio+0x2b4/0x5a0 [271641.879215] [c00000037540fb60] [c000000000641d58] do_anonymous_page+0x158/0x6b0 [271641.879218] [c00000037540fbd0] [c000000000642f8c] __handle_mm_fault+0x4bc/0x910 [271641.879221] [c00000037540fcf0] [c000000000643500] handle_mm_fault+0x120/0x3c0 [271641.879224] [c00000037540fd40] [c00000000014bba0] ___do_page_fault+0x1c0/0x980 [271641.879228] [c00000037540fdf0] [c00000000014c44c] hash__do_page_fault+0x2c/0xc0 [271641.879232] [c00000037540fe20] [c0000000001565d8] do_hash_fault+0x128/0x1d0 [271641.879236] [c00000037540fe50] [c000000000008be0] data_access_common_virt+0x210/0x220 [271641.879548] Tasks state (memory values in pages): ... [271641.879550] [ pid ] uid tgid total_vm rss rss_anon rss_file rss_shmem pgtables_bytes swapents oom_score_adj name [271641.879555] [ 177372] 0 177372 571 0 0 0 0 51200 96 0 test_zswap [271641.879562] oom-kill:constraint=CONSTRAINT_MEMCG,nodemask=(null),cpuset=/,mems_allowed=0,oom_memcg=/no_zswap_test,task_memcg=/no_zswap_test,task=test_zswap,pid=177372,uid=0 [271641.879578] Memory cgroup out of memory: Killed process 177372 (test_zswap) total-vm:36544kB, anon-rss:0kB, file-rss:0kB, shmem-rss:0kB, UID:0 pgtables:50kB oom_score_adj:0 Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260424040059.12940-3-li.wang@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Li Wang <li.wang@linux.dev> Acked-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org> Acked-by: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev> Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Cc: Jiayuan Chen <jiayuan.chen@linux.dev> Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-05-28selftests/cgroup: skip test_zswap if zswap is globally disabledLi Wang
Patch series "selftests/cgroup: improve zswap tests robustness and support large page sizes", v7. This patchset aims to fix various spurious failures and improve the overall robustness of the cgroup zswap selftests. The primary motivation is to make the tests compatible with architectures that use non-4K page sizes (such as 64K on ppc64le and arm64). Currently, the tests rely heavily on hardcoded 4K page sizes and fixed memory limits. On 64K page size systems, these hardcoded values lead to sub-page granularity accesses, incorrect page count calculations, and insufficient memory pressure to trigger zswap writeback, ultimately causing the tests to fail. Additionally, this series addresses OOM kills occurring in test_swapin_nozswap by dynamically scaling memory limits, and prevents spurious test failures when zswap is built into the kernel but globally disabled. This patch (of 8): test_zswap currently only checks whether zswap is present by testing /sys/module/zswap. This misses the runtime global state exposed in /sys/module/zswap/parameters/enabled. When zswap is built/loaded but globally disabled, the zswap cgroup selftests run in an invalid environment and may fail spuriously. Check the runtime enabled state before running the tests: - skip if zswap is not configured, - fail if the enabled knob cannot be read, - skip if zswap is globally disabled. Also print a hint in the skip message on how to enable zswap. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260424040059.12940-1-li.wang@linux.dev Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20260424040059.12940-2-li.wang@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Li Wang <li.wang@linux.dev> Acked-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org> Acked-by: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev> Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Cc: Jiayuan Chen <jiayuan.chen@linux.dev> Cc: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosryahmed@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-05-27cgroup/cpuset: Add test cases for sibling CPU exclusion on partition updateSun Shaojie
When sibling CPU exclusion occurs, a partition's effective_xcpus may be a subset of its user_xcpus. The partcmd_update path must use effective_xcpus instead of user_xcpus when calculating CPUs to return to or request from the parent. Add two test cases to verify this behavior: 1) Narrowing cpuset.cpus to only the sibling-excluded CPUs should not return CPUs to parent that the partition never actually owned. 2) Expanding cpuset.cpus after a sibling becomes a member should correctly request the additional CPUs from parent. Co-developed-by: Zhang Guopeng <zhangguopeng@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Zhang Guopeng <zhangguopeng@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Sun Shaojie <sunshaojie@kylinos.cn> Reviewed-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-05-22selftests/cgroup: enable memory controller in hugetlb memcg testGuopeng Zhang
test_hugetlb_memcg creates a child cgroup and then writes memory.max and memory.swap.max. When the test is run standalone, the memory controller may not be enabled in the test root cgroup's subtree_control. In that case, the child cgroup is created without the memory control files, and the test fails during setup before reaching the hugetlb memcg accounting checks. Skip the test when the memory controller is unavailable. Otherwise, enable it in subtree_control before creating the test cgroup. Signed-off-by: Guopeng Zhang <zhangguopeng@kylinos.cn> Acked-by: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-05-13selftests/cgroup: Fix error path leaks in test_percpu_basicYu Miao
When cg_name_indexed() returns NULL partway through the child creation loop, the code returned -1 without running cleanup_children and cleanup. That left the `parent` pathname allocation unreleased and did not remove child cgroup directories already created under the parent. Fix by jumping to cleanup_children instead of returning. When cg_create() fails, `child` (the pathname from cg_name_indexed()) was not freed before cleanup_children. Fix by freeing `child` before branching to cleanup_children. Fixes: 90631e1dea55 ("kselftests: cgroup: add perpcu memory accounting test") Signed-off-by: Yu Miao <yumiao@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-05-12selftests/cgroup: check malloc return value in alloc_anon functionsHongfu Li
The alloc_anon() function calls malloc() without checking for a NULL return. If memory allocation fails, a NULL pointer dereference will occur when accessing the buffer. Add proper error handling to return -1 when malloc() fails in all four alloc_anon variants: - alloc_anon() - alloc_anon_50M_check() - alloc_anon_noexit() - alloc_anon_50M_check_swap() Signed-off-by: Hongfu Li <lihongfu@kylinos.cn> Reviewed-by: Vishal Moola <vishal.moola@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-05-10Merge branch 'for-7.1-fixes' into for-7.2Tejun Heo
Pull to receive dde2f938d02f ("cgroup/cpuset: move PF_EXITING check before __GFP_HARDWALL in cpuset_current_node_allowed()") as a dependency for an upcoming patch in the same function. Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-05-10selftests/cgroup: fix misleading debug message in test_cgfreezer_time_childTao Cui
The debug message says "Expect ctime <= ptime" when the test actually expects ctime > ptime (child's freeze time should exceed parent's, which is zero). Fix the message to match the actual expectation. Signed-off-by: Tao Cui <cuitao@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-05-10selftests/cgroup: fix child process escaping to parent cleanup in ↵Tao Cui
test_cpucg_nice In test_cpucg_nice, the forked child process incorrectly jumps to the parent's cleanup label on cg_write failure. This causes the child to attempt cg_destroy on cgroups the parent is still using, and then return to main() to continue executing tests as if it were the parent. Replace goto cleanup with exit(EXIT_FAILURE) in the child process. Signed-off-by: Tao Cui <cuitao@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-05-10selftests/cgroup: Add NULL check after malloc in cgroup_util.cHongfu Li
Add NULL checks after malloc() in three helper functions to prevent NULL pointer dereference on memory allocation failure. - cg_name() - cg_name_indexed() - cg_control() These functions allocate memory with malloc() but previously called snprintf() unconditionally, which would trigger undefined behavior if allocation fails. Signed-off-by: Hongfu Li <lihongfu@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-05-10selftests/cgroup: Fix string comparison in write_testHongfu Li
Use string comparison (!=) instead of numeric comparison (-ne) for cpuset values like "0-1". For example: $ [[ "0-1" != "2-3" ]] && echo "true" || echo "false" true $ [[ "0-1" -ne "2-3" ]] && echo "true" || echo "false" false Signed-off-by: Hongfu Li <lihongfu@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-05-10selftests/cgroup: Fix cg_read_strcmp() empty string comparisonHongfu Li
cg_read_strcmp() allocated a buffer sized to strlen(expected) + 1, then passed it to read_text() which calls read(fd, buf, size-1). When comparing against an empty string (""), strlen("") = 0 gives a 1-byte buffer, and read() is asked to read 0 bytes. The file content is never actually read, so strcmp("", buf) always returns 0 regardless of the real content. This caused cg_test_proc_killed() to always report the cgroup as empty immediately, making OOM tests pass without verifying that processes were killed. Signed-off-by: Hongfu Li <lihongfu@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-05-08selftests/cgroup: Fix incorrect variable check in online_cpus()Hongfu Li
"OFFLINE_CPUS" is a literal string that is always non-empty. It should be "$OFFLINE_CPUS" to check the variable's value instead. Signed-off-by: Hongfu Li <lihongfu@kylinos.cn> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-04-15Merge tag 'mm-stable-2026-04-13-21-45' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton: - "maple_tree: Replace big node with maple copy" (Liam Howlett) Mainly prepararatory work for ongoing development but it does reduce stack usage and is an improvement. - "mm, swap: swap table phase III: remove swap_map" (Kairui Song) Offers memory savings by removing the static swap_map. It also yields some CPU savings and implements several cleanups. - "mm: memfd_luo: preserve file seals" (Pratyush Yadav) File seal preservation to LUO's memfd code - "mm: zswap: add per-memcg stat for incompressible pages" (Jiayuan Chen) Additional userspace stats reportng to zswap - "arch, mm: consolidate empty_zero_page" (Mike Rapoport) Some cleanups for our handling of ZERO_PAGE() and zero_pfn - "mm/kmemleak: Improve scan_should_stop() implementation" (Zhongqiu Han) A robustness improvement and some cleanups in the kmemleak code - "Improve khugepaged scan logic" (Vernon Yang) Improve khugepaged scan logic and reduce CPU consumption by prioritizing scanning tasks that access memory frequently - "Make KHO Stateless" (Jason Miu) Simplify Kexec Handover by transitioning KHO from an xarray-based metadata tracking system with serialization to a radix tree data structure that can be passed directly to the next kernel - "mm: vmscan: add PID and cgroup ID to vmscan tracepoints" (Thomas Ballasi and Steven Rostedt) Enhance vmscan's tracepointing - "mm: arch/shstk: Common shadow stack mapping helper and VM_NOHUGEPAGE" (Catalin Marinas) Cleanup for the shadow stack code: remove per-arch code in favour of a generic implementation - "Fix KASAN support for KHO restored vmalloc regions" (Pasha Tatashin) Fix a WARN() which can be emitted the KHO restores a vmalloc area - "mm: Remove stray references to pagevec" (Tal Zussman) Several cleanups, mainly udpating references to "struct pagevec", which became folio_batch three years ago - "mm: Eliminate fake head pages from vmemmap optimization" (Kiryl Shutsemau) Simplify the HugeTLB vmemmap optimization (HVO) by changing how tail pages encode their relationship to the head page - "mm/damon/core: improve DAMOS quota efficiency for core layer filters" (SeongJae Park) Improve two problematic behaviors of DAMOS that makes it less efficient when core layer filters are used - "mm/damon: strictly respect min_nr_regions" (SeongJae Park) Improve DAMON usability by extending the treatment of the min_nr_regions user-settable parameter - "mm/page_alloc: pcp locking cleanup" (Vlastimil Babka) The proper fix for a previously hotfixed SMP=n issue. Code simplifications and cleanups ensued - "mm: cleanups around unmapping / zapping" (David Hildenbrand) A bunch of cleanups around unmapping and zapping. Mostly simplifications, code movements, documentation and renaming of zapping functions - "support batched checking of the young flag for MGLRU" (Baolin Wang) Batched checking of the young flag for MGLRU. It's part cleanups; one benchmark shows large performance benefits for arm64 - "memcg: obj stock and slab stat caching cleanups" (Johannes Weiner) memcg cleanup and robustness improvements - "Allow order zero pages in page reporting" (Yuvraj Sakshith) Enhance free page reporting - it is presently and undesirably order-0 pages when reporting free memory. - "mm: vma flag tweaks" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Cleanup work following from the recent conversion of the VMA flags to a bitmap - "mm/damon: add optional debugging-purpose sanity checks" (SeongJae Park) Add some more developer-facing debug checks into DAMON core - "mm/damon: test and document power-of-2 min_region_sz requirement" (SeongJae Park) An additional DAMON kunit test and makes some adjustments to the addr_unit parameter handling - "mm/damon/core: make passed_sample_intervals comparisons overflow-safe" (SeongJae Park) Fix a hard-to-hit time overflow issue in DAMON core - "mm/damon: improve/fixup/update ratio calculation, test and documentation" (SeongJae Park) A batch of misc/minor improvements and fixups for DAMON - "mm: move vma_(kernel|mmu)_pagesize() out of hugetlb.c" (David Hildenbrand) Fix a possible issue with dax-device when CONFIG_HUGETLB=n. Some code movement was required. - "zram: recompression cleanups and tweaks" (Sergey Senozhatsky) A somewhat random mix of fixups, recompression cleanups and improvements in the zram code - "mm/damon: support multiple goal-based quota tuning algorithms" (SeongJae Park) Extend DAMOS quotas goal auto-tuning to support multiple tuning algorithms that users can select - "mm: thp: reduce unnecessary start_stop_khugepaged()" (Breno Leitao) Fix the khugpaged sysfs handling so we no longer spam the logs with reams of junk when starting/stopping khugepaged - "mm: improve map count checks" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Provide some cleanups and slight fixes in the mremap, mmap and vma code - "mm/damon: support addr_unit on default monitoring targets for modules" (SeongJae Park) Extend the use of DAMON core's addr_unit tunable - "mm: khugepaged cleanups and mTHP prerequisites" (Nico Pache) Cleanups to khugepaged and is a base for Nico's planned khugepaged mTHP support - "mm: memory hot(un)plug and SPARSEMEM cleanups" (David Hildenbrand) Code movement and cleanups in the memhotplug and sparsemem code - "mm: remove CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE and cleanup CONFIG_MIGRATION" (David Hildenbrand) Rationalize some memhotplug Kconfig support - "change young flag check functions to return bool" (Baolin Wang) Cleanups to change all young flag check functions to return bool - "mm/damon/sysfs: fix memory leak and NULL dereference issues" (Josh Law and SeongJae Park) Fix a few potential DAMON bugs - "mm/vma: convert vm_flags_t to vma_flags_t in vma code" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Convert a lot of the existing use of the legacy vm_flags_t data type to the new vma_flags_t type which replaces it. Mainly in the vma code. - "mm: expand mmap_prepare functionality and usage" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Expand the mmap_prepare functionality, which is intended to replace the deprecated f_op->mmap hook which has been the source of bugs and security issues for some time. Cleanups, documentation, extension of mmap_prepare into filesystem drivers - "mm/huge_memory: refactor zap_huge_pmd()" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Simplify and clean up zap_huge_pmd(). Additional cleanups around vm_normal_folio_pmd() and the softleaf functionality are performed. * tag 'mm-stable-2026-04-13-21-45' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (369 commits) mm: fix deferred split queue races during migration mm/khugepaged: fix issue with tracking lock mm/huge_memory: add and use has_deposited_pgtable() mm/huge_memory: add and use normal_or_softleaf_folio_pmd() mm: add softleaf_is_valid_pmd_entry(), pmd_to_softleaf_folio() mm/huge_memory: separate out the folio part of zap_huge_pmd() mm/huge_memory: use mm instead of tlb->mm mm/huge_memory: remove unnecessary sanity checks mm/huge_memory: deduplicate zap deposited table call mm/huge_memory: remove unnecessary VM_BUG_ON_PAGE() mm/huge_memory: add a common exit path to zap_huge_pmd() mm/huge_memory: handle buggy PMD entry in zap_huge_pmd() mm/huge_memory: have zap_huge_pmd return a boolean, add kdoc mm/huge: avoid big else branch in zap_huge_pmd() mm/huge_memory: simplify vma_is_specal_huge() mm: on remap assert that input range within the proposed VMA mm: add mmap_action_map_kernel_pages[_full]() uio: replace deprecated mmap hook with mmap_prepare in uio_info drivers: hv: vmbus: replace deprecated mmap hook with mmap_prepare mm: allow handling of stacked mmap_prepare hooks in more drivers ...
2026-04-13Merge tag 'driver-core-7.1-rc1' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/driver-core/driver-core Pull driver core updates from Danilo Krummrich: "debugfs: - Fix NULL pointer dereference in debugfs_create_str() - Fix misplaced EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL for debugfs_create_str() - Fix soundwire debugfs NULL pointer dereference from uninitialized firmware_file device property: - Make fwnode flags modifications thread safe; widen the field to unsigned long and use set_bit() / clear_bit() based accessors - Document how to check for the property presence devres: - Separate struct devres_node from its "subclasses" (struct devres, struct devres_group); give struct devres_node its own release and free callbacks for per-type dispatch - Introduce struct devres_action for devres actions, avoiding the ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN alignment overhead of struct devres - Export struct devres_node and its init/add/remove/dbginfo primitives for use by Rust Devres<T> - Fix missing node debug info in devm_krealloc() - Use guard(spinlock_irqsave) where applicable; consolidate unlock paths in devres_release_group() driver_override: - Convert PCI, WMI, vdpa, s390/cio, s390/ap, and fsl-mc to the generic driver_override infrastructure, replacing per-bus driver_override strings, sysfs attributes, and match logic; fixes a potential UAF from unsynchronized access to driver_override in bus match() callbacks - Simplify __device_set_driver_override() logic kernfs: - Send IN_DELETE_SELF and IN_IGNORED inotify events on kernfs file and directory removal - Add corresponding selftests for memcg platform: - Allow attaching software nodes when creating platform devices via a new 'swnode' field in struct platform_device_info - Add kerneldoc for struct platform_device_info software node: - Move software node initialization from postcore_initcall() to driver_init(), making it available early in the boot process - Move kernel_kobj initialization (ksysfs_init) earlier to support the above - Remove software_node_exit(); dead code in a built-in unit SoC: - Introduce of_machine_read_compatible() and of_machine_read_model() OF helpers and export soc_attr_read_machine() to replace direct accesses to of_root from SoC drivers; also enables CONFIG_COMPILE_TEST coverage for these drivers sysfs: - Constify attribute group array pointers to 'const struct attribute_group *const *' in sysfs functions, device_add_groups() / device_remove_groups(), and struct class Rust: - Devres: - Embed struct devres_node directly in Devres<T> instead of going through devm_add_action(), avoiding the extra allocation and the unnecessary ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN alignment - I/O: - Turn IoCapable from a marker trait into a functional trait carrying the raw I/O accessor implementation (io_read / io_write), providing working defaults for the per-type Io methods - Add RelaxedMmio wrapper type, making relaxed accessors usable in code generic over the Io trait - Remove overloaded per-type Io methods and per-backend macros from Mmio and PCI ConfigSpace - I/O (Register): - Add IoLoc trait and generic read/write/update methods to the Io trait, making I/O operations parameterizable by typed locations - Add register! macro for defining hardware register types with typed bitfield accessors backed by Bounded values; supports direct, relative, and array register addressing - Add write_reg() / try_write_reg() and LocatedRegister trait - Update PCI sample driver to demonstrate the register! macro Example: ``` register! { /// UART control register. CTRL(u32) @ 0x18 { /// Receiver enable. 19:19 rx_enable => bool; /// Parity configuration. 14:13 parity ?=> Parity; } /// FIFO watermark and counter register. WATER(u32) @ 0x2c { /// Number of datawords in the receive FIFO. 26:24 rx_count; /// RX interrupt threshold. 17:16 rx_water; } } impl WATER { fn rx_above_watermark(&self) -> bool { self.rx_count() > self.rx_water() } } fn init(bar: &pci::Bar<BAR0_SIZE>) { let water = WATER::zeroed() .with_const_rx_water::<1>(); // > 3 would not compile bar.write_reg(water); let ctrl = CTRL::zeroed() .with_parity(Parity::Even) .with_rx_enable(true); bar.write_reg(ctrl); } fn handle_rx(bar: &pci::Bar<BAR0_SIZE>) { if bar.read(WATER).rx_above_watermark() { // drain the FIFO } } fn set_parity(bar: &pci::Bar<BAR0_SIZE>, parity: Parity) { bar.update(CTRL, |r| r.with_parity(parity)); } ``` - IRQ: - Move 'static bounds from where clauses to trait declarations for IRQ handler traits - Misc: - Enable the generic_arg_infer Rust feature - Extend Bounded with shift operations, single-bit bool conversion, and const get() Misc: - Make deferred_probe_timeout default a Kconfig option - Drop auxiliary_dev_pm_ops; the PM core falls back to driver PM callbacks when no bus type PM ops are set - Add conditional guard support for device_lock() - Add ksysfs.c to the DRIVER CORE MAINTAINERS entry - Fix kernel-doc warnings in base.h - Fix stale reference to memory_block_add_nid() in documentation" * tag 'driver-core-7.1-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/driver-core/driver-core: (67 commits) bus: fsl-mc: use generic driver_override infrastructure s390/ap: use generic driver_override infrastructure s390/cio: use generic driver_override infrastructure vdpa: use generic driver_override infrastructure platform/wmi: use generic driver_override infrastructure PCI: use generic driver_override infrastructure driver core: make software nodes available earlier software node: remove software_node_exit() kernel: ksysfs: initialize kernel_kobj earlier MAINTAINERS: add ksysfs.c to the DRIVER CORE entry drivers/base/memory: fix stale reference to memory_block_add_nid() device property: Document how to check for the property presence soundwire: debugfs: initialize firmware_file to empty string debugfs: fix placement of EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL for debugfs_create_str() debugfs: check for NULL pointer in debugfs_create_str() driver core: Make deferred_probe_timeout default a Kconfig option driver core: simplify __device_set_driver_override() clearing logic driver core: auxiliary bus: Drop auxiliary_dev_pm_ops device property: Make modifications of fwnode "flags" thread safe rust: devres: embed struct devres_node directly ...
2026-04-05selftest: memcg: skip memcg_sock test if address family not supportedWaiman Long
The test_memcg_sock test in memcontrol.c sets up an IPv6 socket and send data over it to consume memory and verify that memory.stat.sock and memory.current values are close. On systems where IPv6 isn't enabled or not configured to support SOCK_STREAM, the test_memcg_sock test always fails. When the socket() call fails, there is no way we can test the memory consumption and verify the above claim. I believe it is better to just skip the test in this case instead of reporting a test failure hinting that there may be something wrong with the memcg code. Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260311200526.885899-1-longman@redhat.com Fixes: 5f8f019380b8 ("selftests: cgroup/memcontrol: add basic test for socket accounting") Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Acked-by: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-05selftests/cgroup: add test for zswap incompressible pagesJiayuan Chen
Add test_zswap_incompressible() to verify that the zswap_incomp memcg stat correctly tracks incompressible pages. The test allocates memory filled with random data from /dev/urandom, which cannot be effectively compressed by zswap. When this data is swapped out to zswap, it should be stored as-is and tracked by the zswap_incomp counter. The test verifies that: 1. Pages are swapped out to zswap (zswpout increases) 2. Incompressible pages are tracked (zswap_incomp increases) test: dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1M count=2048 chmod 600 /swapfile mkswap /swapfile swapon /swapfile echo Y > /sys/module/zswap/parameters/enabled ./test_zswap TAP version 13 1..8 ok 1 test_zswap_usage ok 2 test_swapin_nozswap ok 3 test_zswapin ok 4 test_zswap_writeback_enabled ok 5 test_zswap_writeback_disabled ok 6 test_no_kmem_bypass ok 7 test_no_invasive_cgroup_shrink ok 8 test_zswap_incompressible Totals: pass:8 fail:0 xfail:0 xpass:0 skip:0 error:0 Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260213071827.5688-3-jiayuan.chen@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Jiayuan Chen <jiayuan.chen@shopee.com> Acked-by: Shakeel Butt <shakeel.butt@linux.dev> Acked-by: Nhat Pham <nphamcs@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: SeongJae Park <sj@kernel.org> Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org> Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org> Cc: Michal Koutný <mkoutny@suse.com> Cc: Muchun Song <muchun.song@linux.dev> Cc: Roman Gushchin <roman.gushchin@linux.dev> Cc: Shuah Khan <shuah@kernel.org> Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry.ahmed@linux.dev> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-03-24selftests/cgroup: Don't require synchronous populated update on task exitTejun Heo
test_cgcore_populated (test_core) and test_cgkill_{simple,tree,forkbomb} (test_kill) check cgroup.events "populated 0" immediately after reaping child tasks with waitpid(). This used to work because cgroup_task_exit() in do_exit() unlinked tasks from css_sets before exit_notify() woke up waitpid(). d245698d727a ("cgroup: Defer task cgroup unlink until after the task is done switching out") moved the unlink to cgroup_task_dead() in finish_task_switch(), which runs after exit_notify(). The populated counter is now decremented after the parent's waitpid() can return, so there is no longer a synchronous ordering guarantee. On PREEMPT_RT, where cgroup_task_dead() is further deferred through lazy irq_work, the race window is even larger. The synchronous populated transition was never part of the cgroup interface contract - it was an implementation artifact. Use cg_read_strcmp_wait() which retries for up to 1 second, matching what these tests actually need to verify: that the cgroup eventually becomes unpopulated after all tasks exit. Fixes: d245698d727a ("cgroup: Defer task cgroup unlink until after the task is done switching out") Reported-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Tested-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de> Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org> Cc: cgroups@vger.kernel.org
2026-03-12selftests: memcg: Add tests for IN_DELETE_SELF and IN_IGNOREDT.J. Mercier
Add two new tests that verify inotify events are sent when memcg files or directories are removed with rmdir. Signed-off-by: T.J. Mercier <tjmercier@google.com> Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Acked-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com> Tested-by: syzbot@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260225223404.783173-4-tjmercier@google.com Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2026-02-23cgroup/cpuset: Defer housekeeping_update() calls from CPU hotplug to workqueueWaiman Long
The cpuset_handle_hotplug() may need to invoke housekeeping_update(), for instance, when an isolated partition is invalidated because its last active CPU has been put offline. As we are going to enable dynamic update to the nozh_full housekeeping cpumask (HK_TYPE_KERNEL_NOISE) soon with the help of CPU hotplug, allowing the CPU hotplug path to call into housekeeping_update() directly from update_isolation_cpumasks() will likely cause deadlock. So we have to defer any call to housekeeping_update() after the CPU hotplug operation has finished. This is now done via the workqueue where the update_hk_sched_domains() function will be invoked via the hk_sd_workfn(). An concurrent cpuset control file write may have executed the required update_hk_sched_domains() function before the work function is called. So the work function call may become a no-op when it is invoked. Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-02-23kselftest/cgroup: Simplify test_cpuset_prs.sh by removing "S+" commandWaiman Long
The "S+" command is used in the test matrix to enable the cpuset controller. However this can be done automatically and we never use the "S-" command to disable cpuset controller. Simplify the test matrix and reduce clutter by removing the command and doing that automatically. There is no functional change to the test cases. Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <longman@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>