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<H1 class="no-header">curs_inch 3x 2025-02-15 ncurses 6.6 Library calls</H1>
<PRE>
<STRONG><A HREF="curs_inch.3x.html">curs_inch(3x)</A></STRONG> Library calls <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inch.3x.html">curs_inch(3x)</A></STRONG>
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-NAME">NAME</a></H2><PRE>
<STRONG>inch</STRONG>, <STRONG>winch</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvinch</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvwinch</STRONG> - get a <EM>curses</EM> character from a window
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></H2><PRE>
<STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG>
<STRONG>chtype</STRONG> <STRONG>inch(void);</STRONG>
<STRONG>chtype</STRONG> <STRONG>winch(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG> <EM>win</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
<STRONG>chtype</STRONG> <STRONG>mvinch(int</STRONG> <EM>y</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>x</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
<STRONG>chtype</STRONG> <STRONG>mvwinch(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG> <EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>y</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>x</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></H2><PRE>
<STRONG>winch</STRONG> returns the <EM>curses</EM> character, including its attributes and color
pair identifier, at the cursor position in the window <EM>win</EM>. Subsection
"Video Attributes" of <STRONG><A HREF="curs_attr.3x.html">attron(3x)</A></STRONG> explains how to extract these data
from a <EM>chtype</EM>. <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">ncurses(3x)</A></STRONG> describes the variants of this function.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></H2><PRE>
These functions return <STRONG>OK</STRONG> on success and <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> on failure.
In <EM>ncurses</EM>, they return <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> if <EM>win</EM> is <EM>NULL</EM>.
Functions prefixed with "mv" first perform cursor movement and fail if
the position (<EM>y</EM>, <EM>x</EM>) is outside the window boundaries.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></H2><PRE>
<STRONG>inch</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvinch</STRONG>, and <STRONG>mvwinch</STRONG> may be implemented as macros.
These functions do not fail if the window contains cells of <EM>curses</EM>
complex characters; that is, if they contain characters with codes
wider than eight bits (or greater than 255 as an unsigned decimal
integer). They instead extract only the low-order eight bits of the
character code from the cell.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></H2><PRE>
X/Open Curses Issue 4 describes these functions. It specifies no error
conditions for them.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-HISTORY">HISTORY</a></H2><PRE>
The original <EM>curses</EM> in 4BSD (1980) defined <EM>winch</EM> as a macro accessing
the <EM>WINDOW</EM> structure member representing character cell data, at that
time a <EM>char</EM>, containing only a 7-bit ASCII character code and a
"standout" attribute bit, the only one the library supported.
SVr2 <EM>curses</EM> (1984) extended this approach, widening the character code
to eight bits and permitting several attributes to be combined with it
by storing them together in a <EM>chtype</EM>, an alias of <EM>unsigned</EM> <EM>short</EM>.
Because a macro was used, its value was not type-checked as a function
return value could have been. Goodheart documented SVr3 (1987) <EM>winch</EM>
as returning an <EM>int</EM>. SVr3.1's (1987) <EM>chtype</EM> became an alias of
<EM>unsigned</EM> <EM>long</EM>, using 16 bits for the character code and widening the
type in practical terms to 32 bits, as 64-bit Unix systems were not yet
in wide use, and fixed-width integral types would not be standard until
ISO C99. SVr3.2 (1988) added a 6-bit color pair identifier alongside
the attributes.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
<STRONG><A HREF="curs_in_wch.3x.html">curs_in_wch(3x)</A></STRONG> describes comparable functions of the <EM>ncurses</EM> library
in its wide-character configuration (<EM>ncursesw</EM>).
<STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_instr.3x.html">curs_instr(3x)</A></STRONG>
ncurses 6.6 2025-02-15 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inch.3x.html">curs_inch(3x)</A></STRONG>
</PRE>
<div class="nav">
<ul>
<li><a href="#h2-NAME">NAME</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-HISTORY">HISTORY</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>
</ul>
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