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<H1 class="no-header">curs_getch 3x 2024-04-20 ncurses 6.5 Library calls</H1>
<PRE>
<STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG> Library calls <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG>
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-NAME">NAME</a></H2><PRE>
<STRONG>getch</STRONG>, <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvgetch</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvwgetch</STRONG>, <STRONG>ungetch</STRONG>, <STRONG>has_key</STRONG> - get (or push back)
characters from <EM>curses</EM> terminal keyboard
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></H2><PRE>
<STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG>
<STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>getch(void);</STRONG>
<STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wgetch(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
<STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mvgetch(int</STRONG> <EM>y</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>x</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
<STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mvwgetch(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>y</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>x</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
<STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>ungetch(int</STRONG> <EM>c</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
<EM>/*</EM> <EM>extension</EM> <EM>*/</EM>
<STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>has_key(int</STRONG> <EM>c</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></H2><PRE>
</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Reading-Characters">Reading Characters</a></H3><PRE>
<STRONG>wgetch</STRONG> gathers a key stroke from the terminal keyboard associated with
a <EM>curses</EM> window <EM>win</EM>. <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">ncurses(3x)</A></STRONG> describes the variants of this
function.
When input is pending, <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG> returns an integer identifying the key
stroke; for alphanumeric and punctuation keys, this value corresponds
to the character encoding used by the terminal. Use of the control key
as a modifier often results in a distinct code. The behavior of other
keys depends on whether <EM>win</EM> is in keypad mode; see subsection "Keypad
Mode" below.
If no input is pending, then if the no-delay flag is set in the window
(see <STRONG><A HREF="nodelay.3x.html">nodelay(3x)</A></STRONG>), the function returns <STRONG>ERR</STRONG>; otherwise, <EM>curses</EM> waits
until the terminal has input. If <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">cbreak(3x)</A></STRONG> has been called, this
happens after one character is read. If <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">nocbreak(3x)</A></STRONG> has been called,
it occurs when the next newline is read. If <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">halfdelay(3x)</A></STRONG> has been
called, <EM>curses</EM> waits until a character is typed or the specified delay
elapses.
If <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">echo(3x)</A></STRONG> has been called, and the window is not a pad, <EM>curses</EM> writes
the returned character <EM>c</EM> to the window (at the cursor position) per the
following rules.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> If <EM>c</EM> matches the terminal's erase character, the cursor moves
leftward one position and the new position is erased as if
<STRONG><A HREF="curs_move.3x.html">wmove(3x)</A></STRONG> and then <STRONG><A HREF="curs_delch.3x.html">wdelch(3x)</A></STRONG> were called. When the window's
keypad mode is enabled (see below), <STRONG>KEY_LEFT</STRONG> and <STRONG>KEY_BACKSPACE</STRONG> are
handled the same way.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> <EM>curses</EM> writes any other <EM>c</EM> to the window, as with <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">wechochar(3x)</A></STRONG>.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> If the window has been moved or modified since the last call to
<STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">wrefresh(3x)</A></STRONG>, <EM>curses</EM> calls <STRONG>wrefresh</STRONG>.
If <EM>c</EM> is a carriage return and <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">nl(3x)</A></STRONG> has been called, <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG> returns
the character code for line feed instead.
</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Keypad-Mode">Keypad Mode</a></H3><PRE>
To <EM>curses</EM>, key strokes not from the alphabetic section of the keyboard
(those corresponding to the ECMA-6 character set--see
<STRONG>ascii(7)</STRONG>--optionally modified by either the control or shift keys) are
treated as <EM>function</EM> keys. (In <EM>curses</EM>, the term "function key" includes
but is not limited to keycaps engraved with "F1", "PF1", and so on.)
If the window is in keypad mode, these produce a numeric code
corresponding to the <STRONG>KEY_</STRONG> symbols listed in subsection "Predefined Key
Codes" below; otherwise, they transmit a sequence of codes typically
starting with the escape character, and which must be collected with
multiple <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG> calls.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> The <EM>curses.h</EM> header file declares many <EM>predefined</EM> <EM>function</EM> <EM>keys</EM>
whose names begin with <STRONG>KEY_</STRONG>; these object-like macros have values
outside the range of eight-bit character codes.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> In <EM>ncurses</EM>, <EM>user-defined</EM> <EM>function</EM> <EM>keys</EM> are configured with
<STRONG><A HREF="define_key.3x.html">define_key(3x)</A></STRONG>; they have no names, but are also expected to have
values outside the range of eight-bit codes.
A variable intended to hold a function key code must thus be of type
<EM>short</EM> or larger.
Most terminals one encounters follow the ECMA-48 standard insofar as
their function keys produce character sequences prefixed with the
escape character ESC. This fact implies that <EM>curses</EM> cannot know
whether the terminal has sent an ESC key stroke or the beginning of a
function key's character sequence without waiting to see if, and how
soon, further input arrives. When <EM>curses</EM> reads such an ambiguous
character, it sets a timer. If the remainder of the sequence does not
arrive within the designated time, <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG> returns the prefix character;
otherwise, it returns the function key code corresponding to the unique
sequence defined by the terminal. Consequently, a user of a <EM>curses</EM>
application may experience a delay after pressing ESC while <EM>curses</EM>
disambiguates the input; see section "EXTENSIONS" below. If the window
is in "no time-out" mode, the timer does not expire; it is an infinite
(or very large) value. See <STRONG><A HREF="notimeout.3x.html">notimeout(3x)</A></STRONG>. Because function key
sequences usually begin with an escape character, the terminal may
appear to hang in no time-out mode after the user has pressed ESC.
Generally, further typing "awakens" <EM>curses</EM>.
</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Ungetting-Characters">Ungetting Characters</a></H3><PRE>
<STRONG>ungetch</STRONG> places <EM>c</EM> into the input queue to be returned by the next call
to <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG>. A single input queue serves all windows.
</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Predefined-Key-Codes">Predefined Key Codes</a></H3><PRE>
The header file <EM>curses.h</EM> defines the following function key codes.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> Except for the special case of <STRONG>KEY_RESIZE</STRONG>, a window's keypad mode
must be enabled for <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG> to read these codes from it.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> Not all of these are necessarily supported on any particular
terminal.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> The naming convention may seem obscure, with some apparent
misspellings (such as "RSUME" for "resume"); the names correspond
to the <EM>terminfo</EM> capability names for the keys, and were
standardized before the IBM PC/AT keyboard layout achieved a
dominant position in industry.
<STRONG>Symbol</STRONG> <STRONG>Key</STRONG> <STRONG>name</STRONG>
-----------------------------------------------------------------
<STRONG>KEY_BREAK</STRONG> Break key
<STRONG>KEY_DOWN</STRONG>
<STRONG>KEY_UP</STRONG> Arrow keys
<STRONG>KEY_LEFT</STRONG>
<STRONG>KEY_RIGHT</STRONG>
<STRONG>KEY_HOME</STRONG> Home key (upward+left arrow)
<STRONG>KEY_BACKSPACE</STRONG> Backspace
<STRONG>KEY_F0</STRONG> Function keys; space for 64 keys is reserved
<STRONG>KEY_F(</STRONG><EM>n</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG> Function key <EM>n</EM> where 0 <= <EM>n</EM> <= 63
<STRONG>KEY_DL</STRONG> Delete line
<STRONG>KEY_IL</STRONG> Insert line
<STRONG>KEY_DC</STRONG> Delete character
<STRONG>KEY_IC</STRONG> Insert character/Enter insert mode
<STRONG>KEY_EIC</STRONG> Exit insert character mode
<STRONG>KEY_CLEAR</STRONG> Clear screen
<STRONG>KEY_EOS</STRONG> Clear to end of screen
<STRONG>KEY_EOL</STRONG> Clear to end of line
<STRONG>KEY_SF</STRONG> Scroll one line forward
<STRONG>KEY_SR</STRONG> Scroll one line backward (reverse)
<STRONG>KEY_NPAGE</STRONG> Next page/Page up
<STRONG>KEY_PPAGE</STRONG> Previous page/Page down
<STRONG>KEY_STAB</STRONG> Set tab
<STRONG>KEY_CTAB</STRONG> Clear tab
<STRONG>KEY_CATAB</STRONG> Clear all tabs
<STRONG>KEY_ENTER</STRONG> Enter/Send
<STRONG>KEY_SRESET</STRONG> Soft (partial) reset
<STRONG>KEY_RESET</STRONG> (Hard) reset
<STRONG>KEY_PRINT</STRONG> Print/Copy
<STRONG>KEY_LL</STRONG> Home down/Bottom (lower left)
<STRONG>KEY_A1</STRONG> Upper left of keypad
<STRONG>KEY_A3</STRONG> Upper right of keypad
<STRONG>KEY_B2</STRONG> Center of keypad
<STRONG>KEY_C1</STRONG> Lower left of keypad
<STRONG>KEY_C3</STRONG> Lower right of keypad
<STRONG>KEY_BTAB</STRONG> Back tab key
<STRONG>KEY_BEG</STRONG> Beg(inning) key
<STRONG>KEY_CANCEL</STRONG> Cancel key
<STRONG>KEY_CLOSE</STRONG> Close key
<STRONG>KEY_COMMAND</STRONG> Cmd (command) key
<STRONG>KEY_COPY</STRONG> Copy key
<STRONG>KEY_CREATE</STRONG> Create key
<STRONG>KEY_END</STRONG> End key
<STRONG>KEY_EXIT</STRONG> Exit key
<STRONG>KEY_FIND</STRONG> Find key
<STRONG>KEY_HELP</STRONG> Help key
<STRONG>KEY_MARK</STRONG> Mark key
<STRONG>KEY_MESSAGE</STRONG> Message key
<STRONG>KEY_MOUSE</STRONG> Mouse event occurred
<STRONG>KEY_MOVE</STRONG> Move key
<STRONG>KEY_NEXT</STRONG> Next object key
<STRONG>KEY_OPEN</STRONG> Open key
<STRONG>KEY_OPTIONS</STRONG> Options key
<STRONG>KEY_PREVIOUS</STRONG> Previous object key
<STRONG>KEY_REDO</STRONG> Redo key
<STRONG>KEY_REFERENCE</STRONG> Ref(erence) key
<STRONG>KEY_REFRESH</STRONG> Refresh key
<STRONG>KEY_REPLACE</STRONG> Replace key
<STRONG>KEY_RESIZE</STRONG> Screen resized
<STRONG>KEY_RESTART</STRONG> Restart key
<STRONG>KEY_RESUME</STRONG> Resume key
<STRONG>KEY_SAVE</STRONG> Save key
<STRONG>KEY_SELECT</STRONG> Select key
<STRONG>KEY_SUSPEND</STRONG> Suspend key
<STRONG>KEY_UNDO</STRONG> Undo key
-----------------------------------------------------------------
<STRONG>KEY_SBEG</STRONG> Shifted beginning key
<STRONG>KEY_SCANCEL</STRONG> Shifted cancel key
<STRONG>KEY_SCOMMAND</STRONG> Shifted command key
<STRONG>KEY_SCOPY</STRONG> Shifted copy key
<STRONG>KEY_SCREATE</STRONG> Shifted create key
<STRONG>KEY_SDC</STRONG> Shifted delete character key
<STRONG>KEY_SDL</STRONG> Shifted delete line key
<STRONG>KEY_SEND</STRONG> Shifted end key
<STRONG>KEY_SEOL</STRONG> Shifted clear line key
<STRONG>KEY_SEXIT</STRONG> Shifted exit key
<STRONG>KEY_SFIND</STRONG> Shifted find key
<STRONG>KEY_SHELP</STRONG> Shifted help key
<STRONG>KEY_SHOME</STRONG> Shifted home key
<STRONG>KEY_SIC</STRONG> Shifted insert key
<STRONG>KEY_SLEFT</STRONG> Shifted left arrow key
<STRONG>KEY_SMESSAGE</STRONG> Shifted message key
<STRONG>KEY_SMOVE</STRONG> Shifted move key
<STRONG>KEY_SNEXT</STRONG> Shifted next object key
<STRONG>KEY_SOPTIONS</STRONG> Shifted options key
<STRONG>KEY_SPREVIOUS</STRONG> Shifted previous object key
<STRONG>KEY_SPRINT</STRONG> Shifted print key
<STRONG>KEY_SREDO</STRONG> Shifted redo key
<STRONG>KEY_SREPLACE</STRONG> Shifted replace key
<STRONG>KEY_SRIGHT</STRONG> Shifted right arrow key
<STRONG>KEY_SRSUME</STRONG> Shifted resume key
<STRONG>KEY_SSAVE</STRONG> Shifted save key
<STRONG>KEY_SSUSPEND</STRONG> Shifted suspend key
<STRONG>KEY_SUNDO</STRONG> Shifted undo key
Many keyboards feature a nine-key directional pad.
+-----+------+-------+
| A1 | up | A3 |
+-----+------+-------+
|left | B2 | right |
+-----+------+-------+
| C1 | down | C3 |
+-----+------+-------+
Two of the symbols in the list above do <EM>not</EM> correspond to a physical
key.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG> returns <STRONG>KEY_RESIZE</STRONG>, even if the window's keypad mode is
disabled, when <EM>ncurses</EM> handles a <STRONG>SIGWINCH</STRONG> signal; see <STRONG><A HREF="curs_initscr.3x.html">initscr(3x)</A></STRONG>
and <STRONG><A HREF="resizeterm.3x.html">resizeterm(3x)</A></STRONG>.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG> returns <STRONG>KEY_MOUSE</STRONG> to indicate that a mouse event is pending
collection; see <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>. Receipt of this code requires a
window's keypad mode to be enabled, because to interpret mouse
input (as with with <STRONG>xterm(1)</STRONG>'s mouse prototocol), <EM>ncurses</EM> must read
an escape sequence, as with a function key.
</PRE><H3><a name="h3-Testing-Key-Codes">Testing Key Codes</a></H3><PRE>
In <EM>ncurses</EM>, <STRONG>has_key</STRONG> returns a Boolean value indicating whether the
terminal type recognizes its parameter as a key code value. See also
<STRONG><A HREF="define_key.3x.html">define_key(3x)</A></STRONG> and <STRONG><A HREF="key_defined.3x.html">key_defined(3x)</A></STRONG>.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></H2><PRE>
Except for <STRONG>has_key</STRONG>, these functions return <STRONG>OK</STRONG> on success and <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> on
failure.
Functions taking a <EM>WINDOW</EM> pointer argument fail if the pointer is <STRONG>NULL</STRONG>.
Functions prefixed with "mv" first perform cursor movement and fail if
the position (<EM>y</EM>, <EM>x</EM>) is outside the window boundaries.
<STRONG>wgetch</STRONG> also fails if
<STRONG>o</STRONG> its timeout expires without any data arriving, or
<STRONG>o</STRONG> execution was interrupted by a signal, in which case <STRONG>errno</STRONG> is set
to <STRONG>EINTR</STRONG>.
<STRONG>ungetch</STRONG> fails if there is no more room in the input queue.
<STRONG>has_key</STRONG> returns <STRONG>TRUE</STRONG> or <STRONG>FALSE</STRONG>.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></H2><PRE>
<EM>curses</EM> discourages assignment of the ESC key to a discrete function by
the programmer because the library requires a delay while it awaits the
potential remainder of a terminal escape sequence.
Some key strokes are indistinguishable from control characters; for
example, <STRONG>KEY_ENTER</STRONG> may be the same as <STRONG>^M</STRONG>, and <STRONG>KEY_BACKSPACE</STRONG> may be the
same as <STRONG>^H</STRONG> or <STRONG>^?</STRONG>. Consult the terminal's <EM>terminfo</EM> entry to determine
whether this is the case; see <STRONG><A HREF="infocmp.1m.html">infocmp(1)</A></STRONG>. Some <EM>curses</EM> implementations,
including <EM>ncurses</EM>, honor the <EM>terminfo</EM> key definitions; others treat
such control characters specially.
<EM>curses</EM> distinguishes the Enter keys in the alphabetic and numeric
keypad sections of a keyboard because (most) terminals do. <STRONG>KEY_ENTER</STRONG>
refers to the key on the numeric keypad and, like other function keys,
and is reliably recognized only if the window's keypad mode is enabled.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> The <EM>terminfo</EM> <STRONG>key_enter</STRONG> (<STRONG>kent</STRONG>) capability describes the character
(sequence) sent by the Enter key of a terminal's numeric (or
similar) keypad.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> "Enter or send" is X/Open Curses's description of this key.
<EM>curses</EM> treats the Enter or Return key in the <EM>alphabetic</EM> section of the
keyboard differently.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> It usually produces a control code for carriage return (<STRONG>^M</STRONG>) or line
feed (<STRONG>^J</STRONG>).
<STRONG>o</STRONG> Depending on the terminal mode (raw, cbreak, or "cooked"), and
whether <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">nl(3x)</A></STRONG> or <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">nonl(3x)</A></STRONG> has been called, <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG> may return
either a carriage return or line feed upon an Enter or Return key
stroke.
Use of <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG> with <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">echo(3x)</A></STRONG> and neither <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">cbreak(3x)</A></STRONG> nor <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">raw(3x)</A></STRONG> is not
well-defined.
Historically, the list of key code macros above was influenced by the
function-key-rich keyboard of the AT&T 7300 (also known variously as
the "3B1", "Safari 4", and "UNIX PC"), a 1985 machine. Today's
computer keyboards are based that of the IBM PC/AT and tend to have
fewer. A <EM>curses</EM> application can expect such a keyboard to transmit key
codes <STRONG>KEY_UP</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_DOWN</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_LEFT</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_RIGHT</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_HOME</STRONG>, <STRONG>KEY_END</STRONG>,
<STRONG>KEY_PPAGE</STRONG> (Page Up), <STRONG>KEY_NPAGE</STRONG> (Page Down), <STRONG>KEY_IC</STRONG> (Insert), <STRONG>KEY_DC</STRONG>
(Delete), and <STRONG>KEY_F(</STRONG><EM>n</EM><STRONG>)</STRONG> for 1 <= <EM>n</EM> <= 12.
<STRONG>getch</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvgetch</STRONG>, and <STRONG>mvwgetch</STRONG> may be implemented as macros.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-EXTENSIONS">EXTENSIONS</a></H2><PRE>
In <EM>ncurses</EM>, when a window's "no time-out" mode is <EM>not</EM> set, the <STRONG>ESCDELAY</STRONG>
variable configures the duration of the timer used to disambiguate a
function key character sequence from a series of key strokes beginning
with ESC typed by the user; see <STRONG><A HREF="curs_variables.3x.html">curs_variables(3x)</A></STRONG>.
<STRONG>has_key</STRONG> was designed for <STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">ncurses(3x)</A></STRONG>, and is not found in SVr4 <EM>curses</EM>,
4.4BSD <EM>curses</EM>, or any other previous curses implementation.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></H2><PRE>
Applications employing <EM>ncurses</EM> extensions should condition their use on
the visibility of the <STRONG>NCURSES_VERSION</STRONG> preprocessor macro.
X/Open Curses, Issue 4 describes <STRONG>getch</STRONG>, <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvgetch</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvwgetch</STRONG>, and
<STRONG>ungetch</STRONG>. It specifies no error conditions for them.
<STRONG>wgetch</STRONG> reads only single-byte characters.
The echo behavior of these functions on input of <STRONG>KEY_</STRONG> or backspace
characters was not specified in the SVr4 documentation. This
description is adapted from X/Open Curses.
The behavior of <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG> in the presence of signal handlers is
unspecified in the SVr4 documentation and X/Open Curses. In historical
<EM>curses</EM> implementations, it varied depending on whether the operating
system's dispatch of a signal to a handler interrupting a <STRONG>read(2)</STRONG> call
in progress, and also (in some implementations) whether an input
timeout or non-blocking mode has been set. Programmers concerned about
portability should be prepared for either of two cases: (a) signal
receipt does not interrupt <STRONG>wgetch</STRONG>; or (b) signal receipt interrupts
<STRONG>wgetch</STRONG> and causes it to return <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> with <STRONG>errno</STRONG> set to <STRONG>EINTR</STRONG>.
<STRONG>KEY_MOUSE</STRONG> is mentioned in X/Open Curses, along with a few related <EM>term-</EM>
<EM>info</EM> capabilities, but no higher-level functions use the feature. The
implementation in <EM>ncurses</EM> is an extension.
<STRONG>KEY_RESIZE</STRONG> and <STRONG>has_key</STRONG> are extensions first implemented for <EM>ncurses</EM>.
By 2022, <EM>PDCurses</EM> and NetBSD <EM>curses</EM> had added them along with
<STRONG>KEY_MOUSE</STRONG>.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
<STRONG><A HREF="curs_get_wch.3x.html">curs_get_wch(3x)</A></STRONG> describes comparable functions of the <EM>ncurses</EM> library
in its wide-character configuration (<EM>ncursesw</EM>).
<STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addch.3x.html">curs_addch(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_inopts.3x.html">curs_inopts(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_mouse.3x.html">curs_mouse(3x)</A></STRONG>,
<STRONG><A HREF="curs_move.3x.html">curs_move(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_outopts.3x.html">curs_outopts(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_refresh.3x.html">curs_refresh(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_variables.3x.html">curs_variables(3x)</A></STRONG>,
<STRONG><A HREF="resizeterm.3x.html">resizeterm(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG>ascii(7)</STRONG>
ECMA-6 "7-bit coded Character Set" <https://ecma-international.org/
publications-and-standards/standards/ecma-6/>
ECMA-48 "Control Functions for Coded Character Sets" <https://
ecma-international.org/publications-and-standards/standards/ecma-48/>
ncurses 6.5 2024-04-20 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_getch.3x.html">curs_getch(3x)</A></STRONG>
</PRE>
<div class="nav">
<ul>
<li><a href="#h2-NAME">NAME</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#h3-Reading-Characters">Reading Characters</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-Keypad-Mode">Keypad Mode</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-Ungetting-Characters">Ungetting Characters</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-Predefined-Key-Codes">Predefined Key Codes</a></li>
<li><a href="#h3-Testing-Key-Codes">Testing Key Codes</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-EXTENSIONS">EXTENSIONS</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
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