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2026-06-07bpf: Add multi tracing attach typesJiri Olsa
Adding new program attach types multi tracing attachment: BPF_TRACE_FENTRY_MULTI BPF_TRACE_FEXIT_MULTI and their base support in verifier code. Programs with such attach type will use specific link attachment interface coming in following changes. This was suggested by Andrii some (long) time ago and turned out to be easier than having special program flag for that. Bpf programs with such types have 'bpf_multi_func' function set as their attach_btf_id and keep module reference when it's specified by attach_prog_fd. They are also accepted as sleepable programs during verification, and the real validation for specific BTF_IDs/functions will happen during the multi link attachment in following changes. Suggested-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260606123955.345967-11-jolsa@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-06-06libperf: Document struct perf_cpu int16_t ABI limitationArnaldo Carvalho de Melo
struct perf_cpu.cpu is int16_t, limiting perf to 32767 CPUs. This is part of the libperf ABI (returned by value from perf_cpu_map__cpu() and friends), so widening it requires an ABI bump. Add a comment on the struct definition noting this, and create a TODO file to collect future ABI changes so they can be batched into a single version bump. Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.6 Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2026-06-05libbpf: Support resizable hashtableMykyta Yatsenko
Add BPF_MAP_TYPE_RHASH to libbpf's map type name table and feature probing so that libbpf-based tools can create and identify resizable hash maps. Signed-off-by: Mykyta Yatsenko <yatsenko@meta.com> Reviewed-by: Emil Tsalapatis <emil@etsalapatis.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260605-rhash-v7-8-5b8e05f8630d@meta.com Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-06-04tools subcmd: Robust fallback and existence checks for process reapingIan Rogers
Update check_if_command_finished() and wait_or_whine() to handle invalid PIDs gracefully (<= 0) by setting cmd->finished = 1 and returning early. This avoids executing waitpid(-1, ...) or waitpid(0, ...) downstream, which can block or reap parallel tests' exit status causing state corruption. Introduce a fallback mechanism in check_if_command_finished() using waitpid(..., WNOHANG) when /proc/<pid>/status is inaccessible (e.g. due to EMFILE/ENFILE) to safely check and reap finished children. Assisted-by: Gemini-CLI:Google Gemini 3 Signed-off-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: James Clark <james.clark@linaro.org> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2026-06-04perf: Fix off-by-one stack buffer overflow in kallsyms__parse()Rui Qi
In kallsyms__parse(), the loop reading symbol names iterates with i < sizeof(symbol_name), which allows i to reach sizeof(symbol_name) upon loop exit. The subsequent symbol_name[i] = '\0' then writes one byte past the end of the stack-allocated symbol_name[] array. Fix this by changing the loop bound to KSYM_NAME_LEN, so the null terminator always lands within the array. The overflow is triggerable by a kallsyms entry with a symbol name of KSYM_NAME_LEN+1 or more characters (e.g., long Rust mangled names or a malicious /proc/kallsyms). Fixes: 53df2b9344128984 ("libsymbols kallsyms: Parse using io api") Signed-off-by: Rui Qi <qirui.001@bytedance.com> Acked-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com> Cc: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: James Clark <james.clark@linaro.org> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2026-06-02libbpf: Guard add_data() against size overflowDaniel Borkmann
add_data() computes size8 = roundup(size, 8) and then hands size8 to realloc_data_buf() before doing memcpy(gen->data_cur, data, size) with the original size. A wrapped size8 passes through the realloc_data_buf() INT32_MAX check. Harden this against overflow, though not realistic to happen in practice. Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260602133052.423725-3-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-06-01libbpf: Skip max_entries override on signed loadersDaniel Borkmann
bpf_gen__map_create() lets the host-supplied loader ctx override a map's max_entries at runtime (map_desc[idx].max_entries, when non-zero). This is how the light skeleton sizes maps to the target machine, but it happens after emit_signature_match() and is covered by neither the signed loader instructions nor the hashed blob. For a signed loader this means an untrusted host can re-dimension the program's maps, outside what the signature attests to. Gate the override on gen_hash so signed loaders use the signer-provided max_entries baked into the blob. Fixes: ea923080c145 ("libbpf: Embed and verify the metadata hash in the loader") Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260601150248.394863-6-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-06-01libbpf: Skip initial_value override on signed loadersDaniel Borkmann
bpf_gen__map_update_elem() emits code that, when the host-supplied loader ctx provides a non-NULL map_desc[idx].initial_value, overwrites the blob value with bytes read from the host (bpf_copy_from_user / bpf_probe_read_kernel) before the BPF_MAP_UPDATE_ELEM that populates the program's .data/.rodata/.bss maps. This override runs after emit_signature_match() has validated map->sha[], and initial_value is part of neither the signed loader instructions nor the hashed data blob. For a signed loader this lets an untrusted host substitute global-variable contents into a program whose code carries a valid signature, thus weakening what the signature attests to. The blob already contains the signer-provided value (added via add_data() and covered by the embedded, signed hash), so simply skip emitting the override for signed loaders (gen_hash). Runtime initialization stays available for the unsigned light-skeleton path as before. The jump offsets within the override block are internal to it, so guarding the whole block leaves them unchanged. Fixes: ea923080c145 ("libbpf: Embed and verify the metadata hash in the loader") Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260601150248.394863-5-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-06-01libbpf: Reject non-exclusive metadata maps in the signed loaderKP Singh
The loader verifies map->sha against the metadata hash in its instructions. map->sha is calculated when BPF_OBJ_GET_INFO_BY_FD is called on the frozen map. While the map is frozen, the /signed loader/ must also ensure the map is exclusive, as, without exclusivity (which a hostile host could just omit when loading the loader), another BPF program with map access can mutate the contents afterwards, so the check passes on stale data. With the extra check as part of the signed loader, it now refuses to move on with map->sha validation if the host set it up wrongly. Fixes: fb2b0e290147 ("libbpf: Update light skeleton for signing") Signed-off-by: KP Singh <kpsingh@kernel.org> Co-developed-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260601150248.394863-4-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-05-31libbpf: Skip endianness swap when loader generation failedDaniel Borkmann
bpf_gen__prog_load() byte-swaps the program insns and the {func,line}_info and CO-RE relo blobs in place for cross-endian targets. The blob offsets come from add_data(), which returns 0 on failure: realloc_data_buf() either frees and NULLs gen->data_start (realloc OOM) or returns early on an already-latched gen->error, leaving a stale, possibly too-small buffer. Neither bswap site checked for this. With gen->swapped_endian set and a failed generation, "gen->data_start + off" becomes NULL + 0. Guard the same way via !gen->error so they are skipped once generation has failed. Fixes: 8ca3323dce43 ("libbpf: Support creating light skeleton of either endianness") Reported-by: sashiko <sashiko@sashiko.dev> Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260529162829.315921-1-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-05-31libbpf: Also reset {insn,data}_cur on realloc failureDaniel Borkmann
realloc_insn_buf() as well as realloc_data_buf() free and NULL gen->insn_start / gen->data_start on -ENOMEM but leave gen->insn_cur / gen->data_cur pointing into the old, freed buffer. Just reset the cursors to NULL alongside the base pointers so the freed state is coherent. Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260529094119.307264-3-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-05-31libbpf: Skip hash computation when loader generation failedDaniel Borkmann
bpf_gen__finish() calls compute_sha_update_offsets() gated only on the gen_hash option, without first consulting gen->error. On a failed generation this is buggy: a failed realloc_data_buf() sets gen->data_start to NULL (leaving gen->data_cur dangling), so compute_sha_update_offsets() runs libbpf_sha256() over a NULL buffer with a bogus length; a failed realloc_insn_buf() likewise sets gen->insn_start to NULL and the hash immediates get patched through that NULL base. The computed program is discarded in either case, since the following "if (!gen->error)" block does not publish opts->insns once an error is set. Thus, skip the hash pass when generation has already failed. Fixes: ea923080c145 ("libbpf: Embed and verify the metadata hash in the loader") Reported-by: sashiko <sashiko@sashiko.dev> Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260529094119.307264-2-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-05-31libbpf: Drop redundant self-loop in emit_check_errDaniel Borkmann
When the cleanup-label jump offset does not fit in s16, emit_check_err() sets gen->error = -ERANGE and then emits a BPF_JMP_IMM(BPF_JA, 0, 0, -1) self-loop. The latter emit() is dead: gen->error is assigned on the preceding line, and emit() then bails out early in realloc_insn_buf() the moment gen->error is set, so the jump is never written into the instruction stream. gen->error alone already marks the generation as failed. This is a follow-up to 7dd62566e0d1 ("libbpf: fix off-by-one in emit_signature_match jump offset") which removed the jump in emit_signature_match() but not in other locations. Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260529094119.307264-1-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-05-29perf tools: Fix event_contains() macro to verify full field extentArnaldo Carvalho de Melo
event_contains() checked whether a field's start offset was within the event (header.size > offsetof), but not whether the full field fit. A crafted event with header.size = offsetof(field) + 1 would pass the check, but an 8-byte access (bswap_64, direct read) would overrun the event boundary by up to 7 bytes. Fix the macro to verify the complete field: header.size >= offsetof(field) + sizeof(field) Also update all callers that check event_contains(time_cycles) but access later fields (time_mask, cap_user_time_zero, cap_user_time_short) to check for cap_user_time_short — the last field accessed — so the entire extended block is verified: tsc.c, arm-spe.c, cs-etm.c, jitdump.c. Note: session.c's perf_event__time_conv_swap() also guards on time_cycles but accesses time_mask — a pre-existing issue not introduced by this macro change. It is fixed by a later patch in this series ("perf session: Add validated swap infrastructure with null-termination checks"), which decouples time_cycles and time_mask into independent per-field event_contains() checks. The struct assignment overread (session->time_conv = event->time_conv copies sizeof on a potentially shorter event) is separately fixed by "perf session: Use bounded copy for PERF_RECORD_TIME_CONV". Reported-by: sashiko-bot@kernel.org # Running on a local machine Reviewed-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Cc: Adrian Hunter <adrian.hunter@intel.com> Cc: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org> Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.6-1m Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
2026-05-28libbpf: Add __NR_bpf definition for LoongArchTiezhu Yang
LoongArch uses the generic syscall table, where __NR_bpf is defined as 280 in include/uapi/asm-generic/unistd.h. To align with other architectures, add the __NR_bpf definition for LoongArch to avoid a potential compilation failure: "error __NR_bpf not defined. libbpf does not support your arch." This is a follow up patch of: commit b0c47807d31d ("bpf: Add sparc support to tools and samples.") commit bad1926dd2f6 ("bpf, s390: fix build for libbpf and selftest suite") commit ca31ca8247e2 ("tools/bpf: fix perf build error with uClibc (seen on ARC)") commit e32cb12ff52a ("bpf, mips: Fix build errors about __NR_bpf undeclared") Signed-off-by: Tiezhu Yang <yangtiezhu@loongson.cn> Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260526063936.16769-1-yangtiezhu@loongson.cn
2026-05-28libbpf: Fix UAF in strset__add_str()Carlos Llamas
strset_add_str_mem() might reallocate the strset data buffer in order to accommodate the provided string 's'. However, if 's' points to a string already present in the buffer, it becomes dangling after the realloc. This leads to a use-after-free when attempting to memcpy() the string into the new buffer. One scenario that triggers this problematic path is when resolve_btfids attempts to patch kfunc prototypes using existing BTF parameter names: | resolve_btfids: function bpf_list_push_back_impl already exists in BTF | Segmentation fault (core dumped) Compiling resolve_btfids with fsanitize=address generates a detailed report of the UAF: | ================================================================= | ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-use-after-free on address 0x7f4c4a500bd4 | ==1507892==ERROR: AddressSanitizer: heap-use-after-free on address 0x7f4c4a500bd4 at pc 0x55d25155a2a8 bp 0x7ffcef879060 sp 0x7ffcef878818 | READ of size 5 at 0x7f4c4a500bd4 thread T0 | #0 0x55d25155a2a7 in memcpy (tools/bpf/resolve_btfids/resolve_btfids+0xcf2a7) | #1 0x55d2515d708e in strset__add_str tools/lib/bpf/strset.c:162:2 | #2 0x55d2515c730b in btf__add_str tools/lib/bpf/btf.c:2109:8 | #3 0x55d2515c9020 in btf__add_func_param tools/lib/bpf/btf.c:3108:14 | #4 0x55d25159f0b5 in process_kfunc_with_implicit_args tools/bpf/resolve_btfids/main.c:1196:9 | #5 0x55d25159e004 in btf2btf tools/bpf/resolve_btfids/main.c:1229:9 | #6 0x55d25159cee7 in main tools/bpf/resolve_btfids/main.c:1535:6 | #7 0x7f4c78e29f76 in __libc_start_call_main csu/../sysdeps/nptl/libc_start_call_main.h:58:16 | #8 0x7f4c78e2a026 in __libc_start_main csu/../csu/libc-start.c:360:3 | #9 0x55d2514bb860 in _start (tools/bpf/resolve_btfids/resolve_btfids+0x30860) | | 0x7f4c4a500bd4 is located 13268 bytes inside of 2829000-byte region [0x7f4c4a4fd800,0x7f4c4a7b02c8) | freed by thread T0 here: | #0 0x55d25155b700 in realloc (tools/bpf/resolve_btfids/resolve_btfids+0xd0700) | #1 0x55d2515c426c in libbpf_reallocarray tools/lib/bpf/./libbpf_internal.h:220:9 | #2 0x55d2515c426c in libbpf_add_mem tools/lib/bpf/btf.c:224:13 | | previously allocated by thread T0 here: | #0 0x55d25155b2e3 in malloc (tools/bpf/resolve_btfids/resolve_btfids+0xd02e3) | #1 0x55d2515d6e7d in strset__new tools/lib/bpf/strset.c:58:20 While resolve_btfids could be refactored to avoid this call path, let's instead fix this issue at the source in strset__add_str() and avoid similar scenarios. Let's check if set->strs_data was reallocated and whether 's' points to an internal string within the old strset buffer. In such case, 's' is reconstructed to point to the new buffer. While already here, also fix strset__find_str() which suffers from the same problem by factoring out the common operations into a new helper function strset_str_append(). Fixes: 90d76d3ececc ("libbpf: Extract internal set-of-strings datastructure APIs") Suggested-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Suggested-by: Mykyta Yatsenko <yatsenko@meta.com> Signed-off-by: Carlos Llamas <cmllamas@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260523162722.2718940-1-cmllamas@google.com
2026-05-28libbpf: Harden parse_vma_segs() path parsingMichael Bommarito
parse_vma_segs() in tools/lib/bpf/usdt.c parses /proc/<pid>/maps with two widthless scansets, "%s" into mode[16] and "%[^\n]" into line[4096]. A VMA name in maps is not limited to that local buffer; a deeply nested backing path can produce a maps record long enough to overflow the stack buffer. Bound both scansets to the declared buffer sizes ("%15s" for mode[16] and "%4095[^\n]" for line[4096]) and drain any residue past line[4094] with "%*[^\n]" before the trailing "\n". Without the drain, the residue of an over-long record would stay in the stream and break the next "%zx-%zx" parse, so the loop would exit early and silently skip later maps records. Also stop using sscanf(..., "%s") to peel the /proc/<pid>/root prefix from lib_path. Parse the pid and prefix length with "%n", check for the following slash, and copy the remainder with libbpf_strlcpy(). That removes a second unbounded stack write and preserves paths containing spaces. Fixes: 74cc6311cec9 ("libbpf: Add USDT notes parsing and resolution logic") Signed-off-by: Michael Bommarito <michael.bommarito@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Emil Tsalapatis <emil@etsalapatis.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260522201353.1454653-1-michael.bommarito@gmail.com
2026-05-28tools subcmd: allow parsing distinct --opt and --no-optTomas Glozar
libsubcmd automatically generates for every option --opt an equivalent negated option, --no-opt, to unset the option. Vice versa, for every option declared as --no-opt, a shorthand --opt is declared for convenience. Add a flag, PARSE_OPT_NOAUTONEG, to disable this behavior. This new flag behaves similarly to the already existing PARSE_OPT_NONEG, only it does not reject the --no-opt variant, but leaves it undefined. That is useful when there is a conflicting distinct --no-opt option in the syntax of the tool. PARSE_OPT_NOAUTONEG is enabled per-option, allowing to unset other options that do not have this conflict. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260528103254.2990068-4-tglozar@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Tomas Glozar <tglozar@redhat.com>
2026-05-28tools subcmd: support optarg as separate argumentTomas Glozar
In addition to "-ovalue" and "--opt=value" syntax, allow also "-o value" and "--opt value" for options with optional argument when the newly added PARSE_OPT_OPTARG_ALLOW_NEXT flag is set. This behavior is turned off by default since it does not make sense for tools using non-option command line arguments. Consider the ambiguity of "cmd -d x", where "-d x" can mean either "-d with argument of x" or "-d without argument, followed by non-option argument x". This is not an issue in the case that the tool takes no non-option arguments. To implement this, a new local variable, force_defval, is created in get_value(), along with a comment explaining the logic. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260528103254.2990068-3-tglozar@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Tomas Glozar <tglozar@redhat.com>
2026-05-25Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf 7.1-rc5Alexei Starovoitov
Cross-merge BPF and other fixes after downstream PR. Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-05-23libbpf: fix off-by-one in emit_signature_match jump offsetKP Singh
The offset for the cleanup-label jump is computed before the MOV R7 instruction is emitted, but the JMP lands after it. Account for the extra insn in the offset calculation (-2 instead of -1). Drop the redundant self-loop in the else branch; gen->error = -ERANGE already marks the generation as failed. Fixes: fb2b0e290147 ("libbpf: Update light skeleton for signing") Signed-off-by: KP Singh <kpsingh@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260522215337.662271-2-kpsingh@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-05-18libbpf: Add OPTS_VALID() for log_opts in bpf_map_createLeon Hwang
There should be an OPTS_VALID() check for log_opts before extracting its fields. If no such OPTS_VALID() check and an application compiled against a future libbpf header passes a log_opts with new, non-zero fields to libbpf.so, those fields will be ignored silently. Fixes: 702259006f93 ("libbpf: Add syscall common attributes support for map_create") Signed-off-by: Leon Hwang <leon.hwang@linux.dev> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260518145446.6794-4-leon.hwang@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-05-15scripts/kernel-doc: Detect mismatched inline member documentation tagsShuicheng Lin
Add validation in check_sections() to verify that inline member documentation tags (/** @member: description */) match actual struct/union member names. Previously, kernel-doc only validated section headers against the parameter list, but inline doc tags stored in parameterdescs were never cross-checked, allowing stale or mistyped member names to go undetected. The new check iterates over parameterdescs keys and warns about any that don't appear in the parameter list, catching issues like renamed struct members where the documentation tag was not updated to match. This catches real issues such as: - xe_bo_types.h: @atomic_access (missing struct prefix, should be @attr.atomic_access) - xe_device_types.h: @usm.asid (member is actually asid_to_vm) While at it, fix two long-standing issues with named variadic parameters (macros like ``#define foo(fmt, args...)``) that the new check exposed: 1. A description provided via the ``@args...:`` doc form was stored in parameterdescs under the unstripped key ``args...``, while push_parameter() stripped the trailing ``...`` and only added ``args`` to parameterlist. As a result the user-supplied description was orphaned, parameterdescs[``args``] was auto- populated with the generic "variable arguments" text, and the user's actual description was silently discarded by the output stage. Migrate the description from the unstripped to the stripped key inside push_parameter() so the user's text reaches the output and the new check does not flag the orphaned key. 2. push_parameter() always auto-populated parameterdescs[param] with "variable arguments" for variadic parameters, which bypassed the existing "parameter not described" warning at line 549. As a consequence, a named variadic with no matching ``@<name>:`` doc tag (or a mistyped one such as ``@args:`` for a parameter named ``arg``) went undetected. Emit the standard "not described" warning for named variadics before applying the auto-fill, so missing or mistyped variadic docs are reported just like missing docs for any other parameter. The bare ``@...:`` form is unaffected because it has no natural name for the user to document. This second hunk surfaces one real pre-existing documentation gap in include/linux/hashtable.h: hash_for_each_possible_rcu()'s ``cond...`` parameter has no matching ``@cond:`` doc entry. No false positives were observed across include/linux, kernel/, or drivers/gpu/drm. v2: Skip variadic parameters whose documented key ends with ``...`` and whose stripped name is in parameterlist, to avoid false-positive "Excess function parameter 'args...'" warnings on macros like ``#define foo(fmt, args...)`` documented with ``@args...:``. v3: The v2 special case in check_sections() only suppressed the warning while still letting the user's description be silently dropped from the generated output. Replace it with a fix in push_parameter() that migrates the description from ``args...`` to ``args`` when the name is stripped, so the user's text is preserved end-to-end and the new excess-parameter check naturally finds nothing to flag. v4: Also emit the standard "parameter not described" warning for named variadics that have no matching ``@<name>:`` doc tag. Previously push_parameter()'s unconditional auto-fill bypassed that warning, so a missing or mistyped variadic doc went undetected. (Randy) Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4.6 Signed-off-by: Shuicheng Lin <shuicheng.lin@intel.com> Tested-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <20260507023232.4108680-1-shuicheng.lin@intel.com>
2026-05-15kdoc: xforms: move context attrs to function_xforms listRandy Dunlap
The context analysis macros are function attributes that should be in the function_xforms list. Somewhere along the way they were inserted into the struct_xforms list instead. This causes docs build warnings to continue to be emitted for context macros. Move the context analysis macros to the function_xforms list where they should be to eliminate these warnings. Documentation/core-api/kref:328: ../include/linux/kref.h:72: WARNING: Invalid C declaration: Expected end of definition. [error at 96] int kref_put_mutex (struct kref *kref, void (*release)(struct kref *kref), struct mutex *mutex) __cond_acquires(true# mutex) Documentation/core-api/kref:328: ../include/linux/kref.h:94: WARNING: Invalid C declaration: Expected end of definition. [error at 92] int kref_put_lock (struct kref *kref, void (*release)(struct kref *kref), spinlock_t *lock) __cond_acquires(true# lock) Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <20260505221548.163751-1-rdunlap@infradead.org>
2026-05-15docs: kernel-doc: python: strip __counted_by_ptr macroTudor Ambarus
The `__counted_by_ptr` macro was recently introduced [1] to extend bounds checking semantics to standard dynamically allocated pointers. However, the new Python implementation of kernel-doc does not currently recognize it as a compiler attribute. When kernel-doc encounters a struct member annotated with this macro, it fails to parse the variable name correctly, resulting in false-positive warnings like: Warning: ... struct member '__counted_by_ptr(cmdcnt' not described Add `__counted_by_ptr` to the `struct_xforms` regex list so it gets safely stripped out during the parsing phase, mirroring the existing behavior for `__counted_by`. Update the corresponding unit tests. Link: https://git.kernel.org/torvalds/c/150a04d817d8 [1] Signed-off-by: Tudor Ambarus <tudor.ambarus@linaro.org> Reviewed-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org> Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Tested-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <20260506-kdoc-__counted_by_ptr-v1-1-70763486871f@linaro.org>
2026-05-13libbpf: Use strscpy() in kernel code for skel_map_create()Kees Cook
Linux has deprecated[1] strncpy(), and the use in skel_map_create() is best replaced with strscpy(). Since we still need to build this file in userspace, leave the strncpy() in place in that case. This is the last use of strncpy() in the kernel. Link: https://github.com/KSPP/linux/issues/90 [1] Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260513050806.do.620-kees@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-05-12libbpf: Add syscall common attributes support for map_createLeon Hwang
With the previous commit adding common attribute support for BPF_MAP_CREATE, users can now retrieve detailed error messages when map creation fails via the log_buf field. Introduce struct bpf_log_opts with the following fields: log_buf, log_size, log_level, and log_true_size. Extend bpf_map_create_opts with a new field log_opts, allowing users to capture and inspect log messages on map creation failures. Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Leon Hwang <leon.hwang@linux.dev> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260512153157.28382-8-leon.hwang@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-05-12libbpf: Add support for extended BPF syscallLeon Hwang
To support the extended BPF syscall introduced in the previous commit, introduce the following internal APIs: * 'sys_bpf_ext()' * 'sys_bpf_ext_fd()' They wrap the raw 'syscall()' interface to support passing extended attributes. * 'probe_sys_bpf_ext()' Check whether current kernel supports the BPF syscall common attributes. Acked-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Leon Hwang <leon.hwang@linux.dev> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260512153157.28382-3-leon.hwang@linux.dev Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-05-10Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf 7.1-rc3Alexei Starovoitov
Cross-merge BPF and other fixes after downstream PR. Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-04-27docs: xforms_lists: allow __maybe_unused in func parametersRandy Dunlap
Bart has a patch (not yet merged) that causes kernel-doc warnings: WARNING: ./include/linux/highmem.h:235 function parameter '__maybe_unused' not described in 'clear_user_pages' Documentation/mm/highmem:211: ./include/linux/highmem.h:222: WARNING: Error in declarator or parameters Handle this by adding "__maybe_unused" to the list of known function parameter modifiers. Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202604120025.jtlnpWff-lkp@intel.com/ Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Cc: Bart Van Assche <bvanassche@acm.org> Reviewed-by: Bart Van Assche <bvanassche@acm.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <20260411233526.3909303-1-rdunlap@infradead.org>
2026-04-22libbpf: Fix deduplication of typedef with base definitionsAntoine Tenart
When deduplicating definitions for a module, typedef defined in the base are not removed. This is because the hash used for base types differs from the one used in the deduplication logic in btf_dedup_struct_type. This was introduced by the referenced commit when moving the typedef deduplication logic handling from btf_dedup_ref_type to btf_dedup_struct_type, as this also changed the hash logic (btf_hash_common to btf_hash_typedef). This also impacts other types referencing those typedef (e.g. const). In my test, the BTF section size of the openvswitch module went from 31KB to 45KB. Fixes: 3781413465df ("libbpf: Fix BTF dedup to support recursive typedef definitions"). Signed-off-by: Antoine Tenart <atenart@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Tested-by: Alan Maguire <alan.maguire@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Alan Maguire <alan.maguire@oracle.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260417083319.32716-1-atenart@kernel.org
2026-04-22libbpf: Add section handlers for sleepable tracepointsMykyta Yatsenko
Add SEC_DEF entries for sleepable tracepoint variants: - "tp_btf.s+" for sleepable BTF-based raw tracepoints - "raw_tp.s+" for sleepable raw tracepoints - "raw_tracepoint.s+" (alias) - "tp.s+" for sleepable classic tracepoints - "tracepoint.s+" (alias) Extract sec_name_match_prefix() to share the prefix matching logic between attach_tp() and attach_raw_tp(), eliminating duplicated loops and hardcoded strcmp() checks for bare section names. Signed-off-by: Mykyta Yatsenko <yatsenko@meta.com> Acked-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260422-sleepable_tracepoints-v13-5-99005dff21ef@meta.com Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
2026-04-21Merge tag 'libcrypto-for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiggers/linux Pull more crypto library updates from Eric Biggers: "Crypto library fix and documentation update: - Fix an integer underflow in the mpi library - Improve the crypto library documentation" * tag 'libcrypto-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiggers/linux: lib/crypto: docs: Add rst documentation to Documentation/crypto/ docs: kdoc: Expand 'at_least' when creating parameter list lib/crypto: mpi: Fix integer underflow in mpi_read_raw_from_sgl()
2026-04-20libbpf: Adjust btf_vlen() to return a __u32Alan Maguire
Now that vlen is 24 bits, btf_vlen() must return a __u32. Adjust use cases in libbpf accordingly. Also add error handling to avoid vlen overflow in btf_type_inc_vlen(). Signed-off-by: Alan Maguire <alan.maguire@oracle.com> Acked-by: Mykyta Yatsenko <yatsenko@meta.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260417143023.1551481-3-alan.maguire@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-04-19libbpf: Report error when a negative kprobe offset is specifiedAaron Tomlin
In attach_kprobe(), the parsing logic uses sscanf() to extract the target function name and offset from the section definition. Currently, if a user specifies a negative offset (e.g., SEC("kprobe/func+-100")), the input is not explicitly caught and reported as an error. This commit updates the logic to explicitly notify the user when a negative integer is provided. To facilitate this check, the offset variable is changed from unsigned long to long so that sscanf() can accurately capture a negative input for evaluation. If a negative offset is detected, the loader will now print an informative warning stating that the offset must be non-negative, and return -EINVAL. Additionally, free(func) is called in this new error path to prevent a memory leak, as the function name string is dynamically allocated by sscanf(). Fixes: e3f9bc35ea7e9 ("libbpf: Allow decimal offset for kprobes") Signed-off-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@atomlin.com> Acked-by: Mykyta Yatsenko <yatsenko@meta.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260419030944.1423642-1-atomlin@atomlin.com Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
2026-04-18docs: kdoc: Expand 'at_least' when creating parameter listEric Biggers
sphinx doesn't know that the kernel headers do: #define at_least static Do this replacement before declarations are passed to it. This prevents errors like the following from appearing once the lib/crypto/ kernel-doc is wired up to the sphinx build: linux/Documentation/crypto/libcrypto:128: ./include/crypto/sha2.h:773: WARNING: Error in declarator or parameters Error in declarator or parameters Invalid C declaration: Expected ']' in end of array operator. [error at 59] void sha512_final (struct sha512_ctx *ctx, u8 out[at_least SHA512_DIGEST_SIZE]) Acked-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Reviewed-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org> Acked-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Tested-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260418192138.15556-2-ebiggers@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
2026-04-18Merge tag 'perf-tools-for-v7.1-2026-04-17' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/perf/perf-tools Pull perf tools updates from Namhyung Kim: "perf report: - Add 'comm_nodigit' sort key to combine similar threads that only have different numbers in the comm. In the following example, the 'comm_nodigit' will have samples from all threads starting with "bpfrb/" into an entry "bpfrb/<N>". $ perf report -s comm_nodigit,comm -H ... # # Overhead CommandNoDigit / Command # ........... ........................ # 20.30% swapper 20.30% swapper 13.37% chrome 13.37% chrome 10.07% bpfrb/<N> 7.47% bpfrb/0 0.70% bpfrb/1 0.47% bpfrb/3 0.46% bpfrb/2 0.25% bpfrb/4 0.23% bpfrb/5 0.20% bpfrb/6 0.14% bpfrb/10 0.07% bpfrb/7 - Support flat layout for symfs. The --symfs option is to specify the location of debugging symbol files. The default 'hierarchy' layout would search the symbol file using the same path of the original file under the symfs root. The new 'flat' layout would search only in the root directory. - Update 'simd' sort key for ARM SIMD flags to cover ASE/SME and more predicate flags. perf stat: - Add --pmu-filter option to select specific PMUs. This would be useful when you measure metrics from multiple instance of uncore PMUs with similar names. # perf stat -M cpa_p0_avg_bw Performance counter stats for 'system wide': 19,417,779,115 hisi_sicl0_cpa0/cpa_cycles/ # 0.00 cpa_p0_avg_bw 0 hisi_sicl0_cpa0/cpa_p0_wr_dat/ 0 hisi_sicl0_cpa0/cpa_p0_rd_dat_64b/ 0 hisi_sicl0_cpa0/cpa_p0_rd_dat_32b/ 19,417,751,103 hisi_sicl10_cpa0/cpa_cycles/ # 0.00 cpa_p0_avg_bw 0 hisi_sicl10_cpa0/cpa_p0_wr_dat/ 0 hisi_sicl10_cpa0/cpa_p0_rd_dat_64b/ 0 hisi_sicl10_cpa0/cpa_p0_rd_dat_32b/ 19,417,730,679 hisi_sicl2_cpa0/cpa_cycles/ # 0.31 cpa_p0_avg_bw 75,635,749 hisi_sicl2_cpa0/cpa_p0_wr_dat/ 18,520,640 hisi_sicl2_cpa0/cpa_p0_rd_dat_64b/ 0 hisi_sicl2_cpa0/cpa_p0_rd_dat_32b/ 19,417,674,227 hisi_sicl8_cpa0/cpa_cycles/ # 0.00 cpa_p0_avg_bw 0 hisi_sicl8_cpa0/cpa_p0_wr_dat/ 0 hisi_sicl8_cpa0/cpa_p0_rd_dat_64b/ 0 hisi_sicl8_cpa0/cpa_p0_rd_dat_32b/ 19.417734480 seconds time elapsed With --pmu-filter, users can select only hisi_sicl2_cpa0 PMU. # perf stat --pmu-filter hisi_sicl2_cpa0 -M cpa_p0_avg_bw Performance counter stats for 'system wide': 6,234,093,559 cpa_cycles # 0.60 cpa_p0_avg_bw 50,548,465 cpa_p0_wr_dat 7,552,182 cpa_p0_rd_dat_64b 0 cpa_p0_rd_dat_32b 6.234139320 seconds time elapsed Data type profiling: - Quality improvements by tracking register state more precisely - Ensure array members to get the type - Handle more cases for global variables Vendor event/metric updates: - Update various Intel events and metrics - Add NVIDIA Tegra 410 Olympus events Internal changes: - Verify perf.data header for maliciously crafted files - Update perf test to cover more usages and make them robust - Move a couple of copied kernel headers not to annoy objtool build - Fix a bug in map sorting in name order - Remove some unused codes Misc: - Fix module symbol resolution with non-zero text address - Add -t/--threads option to `perf bench mem mmap` - Track duration of exit*() syscall by `perf trace -s` - Add core.addr2line-timeout and core.addr2line-disable-warn config items" * tag 'perf-tools-for-v7.1-2026-04-17' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/perf/perf-tools: (131 commits) perf loongarch: Fix build failure with CONFIG_LIBDW_DWARF_UNWIND perf annotate: Use jump__delete when freeing LoongArch jumps perf test: Fixes for check branch stack sampling perf test: Fix inet_pton probe failure and unroll call graph perf build: fix "argument list too long" in second location perf header: Add sanity checks to HEADER_BPF_BTF processing perf header: Sanity check HEADER_BPF_PROG_INFO perf header: Sanity check HEADER_PMU_CAPS perf header: Sanity check HEADER_HYBRID_TOPOLOGY perf header: Sanity check HEADER_CACHE perf header: Sanity check HEADER_GROUP_DESC perf header: Sanity check HEADER_PMU_MAPPINGS perf header: Sanity check HEADER_MEM_TOPOLOGY perf header: Sanity check HEADER_NUMA_TOPOLOGY perf header: Sanity check HEADER_CPU_TOPOLOGY perf header: Sanity check HEADER_NRCPUS and HEADER_CPU_DOMAIN_INFO perf header: Bump up the max number of command line args allowed perf header: Validate nr_domains when reading HEADER_CPU_DOMAIN_INFO perf sample: Fix documentation typo perf arm_spe: Improve SIMD flags setting ...
2026-04-17Merge tag 'bpf-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpfLinus Torvalds
Pull bpf fixes from Alexei Starovoitov: "Most of the diff stat comes from Xu Kuohai's fix to emit ENDBR/BTI, since all JITs had to be touched to move constant blinding out and pass bpf_verifier_env in. - Fix use-after-free in arena_vm_close on fork (Alexei Starovoitov) - Dissociate struct_ops program with map if map_update fails (Amery Hung) - Fix out-of-range and off-by-one bugs in arm64 JIT (Daniel Borkmann) - Fix precedence bug in convert_bpf_ld_abs alignment check (Daniel Borkmann) - Fix arg tracking for imprecise/multi-offset in BPF_ST/STX insns (Eduard Zingerman) - Copy token from main to subprogs to fix missing kallsyms (Eduard Zingerman) - Prevent double close and leak of btf objects in libbpf (Jiri Olsa) - Fix af_unix null-ptr-deref in sockmap (Michal Luczaj) - Fix NULL deref in map_kptr_match_type for scalar regs (Mykyta Yatsenko) - Avoid unnecessary IPIs. Remove redundant bpf_flush_icache() in arm64 and riscv JITs (Puranjay Mohan) - Fix out of bounds access. Validate node_id in arena_alloc_pages() (Puranjay Mohan) - Reject BPF-to-BPF calls and callbacks in arm32 JIT (Puranjay Mohan) - Refactor all JITs to pass bpf_verifier_env to emit ENDBR/BTI for indirect jump targets on x86-64, arm64 JITs (Xu Kuohai) - Allow UTF-8 literals in bpf_bprintf_prepare() (Yihan Ding)" * tag 'bpf-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf: (32 commits) bpf, arm32: Reject BPF-to-BPF calls and callbacks in the JIT bpf: Dissociate struct_ops program with map if map_update fails bpf: Validate node_id in arena_alloc_pages() libbpf: Prevent double close and leak of btf objects selftests/bpf: cover UTF-8 trace_printk output bpf: allow UTF-8 literals in bpf_bprintf_prepare() selftests/bpf: Reject scalar store into kptr slot bpf: Fix NULL deref in map_kptr_match_type for scalar regs bpf: Fix precedence bug in convert_bpf_ld_abs alignment check bpf, arm64: Emit BTI for indirect jump target bpf, x86: Emit ENDBR for indirect jump targets bpf: Add helper to detect indirect jump targets bpf: Pass bpf_verifier_env to JIT bpf: Move constants blinding out of arch-specific JITs bpf, sockmap: Take state lock for af_unix iter bpf, sockmap: Fix af_unix null-ptr-deref in proto update selftests/bpf: Extend bpf_iter_unix to attempt deadlocking bpf, sockmap: Fix af_unix iter deadlock bpf, sockmap: Annotate af_unix sock:: Sk_state data-races selftests/bpf: verify kallsyms entries for token-loaded subprograms ...
2026-04-16libbpf: Prevent double close and leak of btf objectsJiri Olsa
Sashiko found possible double close of btf object fd [1], which happens when strdup in load_module_btfs fails at which point the obj->btf_module_cnt is already incremented. The error path close btf fd and so does later cleanup code in bpf_object_post_load_cleanup function. Also libbpf_ensure_mem failure leaves btf object not assigned and it's leaked. Replacing the err_out label with break to make the error path less confusing as suggested by Alan. Incrementing obj->btf_module_cnt only if there's no failure and releasing btf object in error path. Fixes: 91abb4a6d79d ("libbpf: Support attachment of BPF tracing programs to kernel modules") [1] https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20260324081846.2334094-1-jolsa%40kernel.org Signed-off-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260416100034.1610852-1-jolsa@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-04-15Merge tag 'mm-stable-2026-04-13-21-45' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton: - "maple_tree: Replace big node with maple copy" (Liam Howlett) Mainly prepararatory work for ongoing development but it does reduce stack usage and is an improvement. - "mm, swap: swap table phase III: remove swap_map" (Kairui Song) Offers memory savings by removing the static swap_map. It also yields some CPU savings and implements several cleanups. - "mm: memfd_luo: preserve file seals" (Pratyush Yadav) File seal preservation to LUO's memfd code - "mm: zswap: add per-memcg stat for incompressible pages" (Jiayuan Chen) Additional userspace stats reportng to zswap - "arch, mm: consolidate empty_zero_page" (Mike Rapoport) Some cleanups for our handling of ZERO_PAGE() and zero_pfn - "mm/kmemleak: Improve scan_should_stop() implementation" (Zhongqiu Han) A robustness improvement and some cleanups in the kmemleak code - "Improve khugepaged scan logic" (Vernon Yang) Improve khugepaged scan logic and reduce CPU consumption by prioritizing scanning tasks that access memory frequently - "Make KHO Stateless" (Jason Miu) Simplify Kexec Handover by transitioning KHO from an xarray-based metadata tracking system with serialization to a radix tree data structure that can be passed directly to the next kernel - "mm: vmscan: add PID and cgroup ID to vmscan tracepoints" (Thomas Ballasi and Steven Rostedt) Enhance vmscan's tracepointing - "mm: arch/shstk: Common shadow stack mapping helper and VM_NOHUGEPAGE" (Catalin Marinas) Cleanup for the shadow stack code: remove per-arch code in favour of a generic implementation - "Fix KASAN support for KHO restored vmalloc regions" (Pasha Tatashin) Fix a WARN() which can be emitted the KHO restores a vmalloc area - "mm: Remove stray references to pagevec" (Tal Zussman) Several cleanups, mainly udpating references to "struct pagevec", which became folio_batch three years ago - "mm: Eliminate fake head pages from vmemmap optimization" (Kiryl Shutsemau) Simplify the HugeTLB vmemmap optimization (HVO) by changing how tail pages encode their relationship to the head page - "mm/damon/core: improve DAMOS quota efficiency for core layer filters" (SeongJae Park) Improve two problematic behaviors of DAMOS that makes it less efficient when core layer filters are used - "mm/damon: strictly respect min_nr_regions" (SeongJae Park) Improve DAMON usability by extending the treatment of the min_nr_regions user-settable parameter - "mm/page_alloc: pcp locking cleanup" (Vlastimil Babka) The proper fix for a previously hotfixed SMP=n issue. Code simplifications and cleanups ensued - "mm: cleanups around unmapping / zapping" (David Hildenbrand) A bunch of cleanups around unmapping and zapping. Mostly simplifications, code movements, documentation and renaming of zapping functions - "support batched checking of the young flag for MGLRU" (Baolin Wang) Batched checking of the young flag for MGLRU. It's part cleanups; one benchmark shows large performance benefits for arm64 - "memcg: obj stock and slab stat caching cleanups" (Johannes Weiner) memcg cleanup and robustness improvements - "Allow order zero pages in page reporting" (Yuvraj Sakshith) Enhance free page reporting - it is presently and undesirably order-0 pages when reporting free memory. - "mm: vma flag tweaks" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Cleanup work following from the recent conversion of the VMA flags to a bitmap - "mm/damon: add optional debugging-purpose sanity checks" (SeongJae Park) Add some more developer-facing debug checks into DAMON core - "mm/damon: test and document power-of-2 min_region_sz requirement" (SeongJae Park) An additional DAMON kunit test and makes some adjustments to the addr_unit parameter handling - "mm/damon/core: make passed_sample_intervals comparisons overflow-safe" (SeongJae Park) Fix a hard-to-hit time overflow issue in DAMON core - "mm/damon: improve/fixup/update ratio calculation, test and documentation" (SeongJae Park) A batch of misc/minor improvements and fixups for DAMON - "mm: move vma_(kernel|mmu)_pagesize() out of hugetlb.c" (David Hildenbrand) Fix a possible issue with dax-device when CONFIG_HUGETLB=n. Some code movement was required. - "zram: recompression cleanups and tweaks" (Sergey Senozhatsky) A somewhat random mix of fixups, recompression cleanups and improvements in the zram code - "mm/damon: support multiple goal-based quota tuning algorithms" (SeongJae Park) Extend DAMOS quotas goal auto-tuning to support multiple tuning algorithms that users can select - "mm: thp: reduce unnecessary start_stop_khugepaged()" (Breno Leitao) Fix the khugpaged sysfs handling so we no longer spam the logs with reams of junk when starting/stopping khugepaged - "mm: improve map count checks" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Provide some cleanups and slight fixes in the mremap, mmap and vma code - "mm/damon: support addr_unit on default monitoring targets for modules" (SeongJae Park) Extend the use of DAMON core's addr_unit tunable - "mm: khugepaged cleanups and mTHP prerequisites" (Nico Pache) Cleanups to khugepaged and is a base for Nico's planned khugepaged mTHP support - "mm: memory hot(un)plug and SPARSEMEM cleanups" (David Hildenbrand) Code movement and cleanups in the memhotplug and sparsemem code - "mm: remove CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTREMOVE and cleanup CONFIG_MIGRATION" (David Hildenbrand) Rationalize some memhotplug Kconfig support - "change young flag check functions to return bool" (Baolin Wang) Cleanups to change all young flag check functions to return bool - "mm/damon/sysfs: fix memory leak and NULL dereference issues" (Josh Law and SeongJae Park) Fix a few potential DAMON bugs - "mm/vma: convert vm_flags_t to vma_flags_t in vma code" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Convert a lot of the existing use of the legacy vm_flags_t data type to the new vma_flags_t type which replaces it. Mainly in the vma code. - "mm: expand mmap_prepare functionality and usage" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Expand the mmap_prepare functionality, which is intended to replace the deprecated f_op->mmap hook which has been the source of bugs and security issues for some time. Cleanups, documentation, extension of mmap_prepare into filesystem drivers - "mm/huge_memory: refactor zap_huge_pmd()" (Lorenzo Stoakes) Simplify and clean up zap_huge_pmd(). Additional cleanups around vm_normal_folio_pmd() and the softleaf functionality are performed. * tag 'mm-stable-2026-04-13-21-45' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (369 commits) mm: fix deferred split queue races during migration mm/khugepaged: fix issue with tracking lock mm/huge_memory: add and use has_deposited_pgtable() mm/huge_memory: add and use normal_or_softleaf_folio_pmd() mm: add softleaf_is_valid_pmd_entry(), pmd_to_softleaf_folio() mm/huge_memory: separate out the folio part of zap_huge_pmd() mm/huge_memory: use mm instead of tlb->mm mm/huge_memory: remove unnecessary sanity checks mm/huge_memory: deduplicate zap deposited table call mm/huge_memory: remove unnecessary VM_BUG_ON_PAGE() mm/huge_memory: add a common exit path to zap_huge_pmd() mm/huge_memory: handle buggy PMD entry in zap_huge_pmd() mm/huge_memory: have zap_huge_pmd return a boolean, add kdoc mm/huge: avoid big else branch in zap_huge_pmd() mm/huge_memory: simplify vma_is_specal_huge() mm: on remap assert that input range within the proposed VMA mm: add mmap_action_map_kernel_pages[_full]() uio: replace deprecated mmap hook with mmap_prepare in uio_info drivers: hv: vmbus: replace deprecated mmap hook with mmap_prepare mm: allow handling of stacked mmap_prepare hooks in more drivers ...
2026-04-14Merge tag 'bpf-next-7.1' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf-next Pull bpf updates from Alexei Starovoitov: - Welcome new BPF maintainers: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi, Eduard Zingerman while Martin KaFai Lau reduced his load to Reviwer. - Lots of fixes everywhere from many first time contributors. Thank you All. - Diff stat is dominated by mechanical split of verifier.c into multiple components: - backtrack.c: backtracking logic and jump history - states.c: state equivalence - cfg.c: control flow graph, postorder, strongly connected components - liveness.c: register and stack liveness - fixups.c: post-verification passes: instruction patching, dead code removal, bpf_loop inlining, finalize fastcall 8k line were moved. verifier.c still stands at 20k lines. Further refactoring is planned for the next release. - Replace dynamic stack liveness with static stack liveness based on data flow analysis. This improved the verification time by 2x for some programs and equally reduced memory consumption. New logic is in liveness.c and supported by constant folding in const_fold.c (Eduard Zingerman, Alexei Starovoitov) - Introduce BTF layout to ease addition of new BTF kinds (Alan Maguire) - Use kmalloc_nolock() universally in BPF local storage (Amery Hung) - Fix several bugs in linked registers delta tracking (Daniel Borkmann) - Improve verifier support of arena pointers (Emil Tsalapatis) - Improve verifier tracking of register bounds in min/max and tnum domains (Harishankar Vishwanathan, Paul Chaignon, Hao Sun) - Further extend support for implicit arguments in the verifier (Ihor Solodrai) - Add support for nop,nop5 instruction combo for USDT probes in libbpf (Jiri Olsa) - Support merging multiple module BTFs (Josef Bacik) - Extend applicability of bpf_kptr_xchg (Kaitao Cheng) - Retire rcu_trace_implies_rcu_gp() (Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi) - Support variable offset context access for 'syscall' programs (Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi) - Migrate bpf_task_work and dynptr to kmalloc_nolock() (Mykyta Yatsenko) - Fix UAF in in open-coded task_vma iterator (Puranjay Mohan) * tag 'bpf-next-7.1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/bpf/bpf-next: (241 commits) selftests/bpf: cover short IPv4/IPv6 inputs with adjust_room bpf: reject short IPv4/IPv6 inputs in bpf_prog_test_run_skb selftests/bpf: Use memfd_create instead of shm_open in cgroup_iter_memcg selftests/bpf: Add test for cgroup storage OOB read bpf: Fix OOB in pcpu_init_value selftests/bpf: Fix reg_bounds to match new tnum-based refinement selftests/bpf: Add tests for non-arena/arena operations bpf: Allow instructions with arena source and non-arena dest registers bpftool: add missing fsession to the usage and docs of bpftool docs/bpf: add missing fsession attach type to docs bpf: add missing fsession to the verifier log bpf: Move BTF checking logic into check_btf.c bpf: Move backtracking logic to backtrack.c bpf: Move state equivalence logic to states.c bpf: Move check_cfg() into cfg.c bpf: Move compute_insn_live_regs() into liveness.c bpf: Move fixup/post-processing logic from verifier.c into fixups.c bpf: Simplify do_check_insn() bpf: Move checks for reserved fields out of the main pass bpf: Delete unused variable ...
2026-04-10libbpf: Allow use of feature cache for non-token casesAlan Maguire
Allow bpf object feat_cache assignment in BPF selftests to simulate missing features via inclusion of libbpf_internal.h and use of bpf_object_set_feat_cache() and bpf_object__sanitize_btf() to test BTF sanitization for cases where missing features are simulated. Signed-off-by: Alan Maguire <alan.maguire@oracle.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260408165735.843763-2-alan.maguire@oracle.com Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-04-07bpf: reject negative CO-RE accessor indices in bpf_core_parse_spec()Weiming Shi
CO-RE accessor strings are colon-separated indices that describe a path from a root BTF type to a target field, e.g. "0:1:2" walks through nested struct members. bpf_core_parse_spec() parses each component with sscanf("%d"), so negative values like -1 are silently accepted. The subsequent bounds checks (access_idx >= btf_vlen(t)) only guard the upper bound and always pass for negative values because C integer promotion converts the __u16 btf_vlen result to int, making the comparison (int)(-1) >= (int)(N) false for any positive N. When -1 reaches btf_member_bit_offset() it gets cast to u32 0xffffffff, producing an out-of-bounds read far past the members array. A crafted BPF program with a negative CO-RE accessor on any struct that exists in vmlinux BTF (e.g. task_struct) crashes the kernel deterministically during BPF_PROG_LOAD on any system with CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF=y (default on major distributions). The bug is reachable with CAP_BPF: BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffed11818b6626 #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 85 Comm: poc Not tainted 7.0.0-rc6 #18 PREEMPT(full) RIP: 0010:bpf_core_parse_spec (tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c:354) RAX: 00000000ffffffff Call Trace: <TASK> bpf_core_calc_relo_insn (tools/lib/bpf/relo_core.c:1321) bpf_core_apply (kernel/bpf/btf.c:9507) check_core_relo (kernel/bpf/verifier.c:19475) bpf_check (kernel/bpf/verifier.c:26031) bpf_prog_load (kernel/bpf/syscall.c:3089) __sys_bpf (kernel/bpf/syscall.c:6228) </TASK> CO-RE accessor indices are inherently non-negative (struct member index, array element index, or enumerator index), so reject them immediately after parsing. Fixes: ddc7c3042614 ("libbpf: implement BPF CO-RE offset relocation algorithm") Reported-by: Xiang Mei <xmei5@asu.edu> Signed-off-by: Weiming Shi <bestswngs@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Emil Tsalapatis <emil@etsalapatis.com> Acked-by: Paul Chaignon <paul.chaignon@gmail.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260404161221.961828-2-bestswngs@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-04-05mm/vma: add vma_flags_empty(), vma_flags_and(), vma_flags_diff_pair()Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle)
Patch series "mm/vma: convert vm_flags_t to vma_flags_t in vma code", v4. This series converts a lot of the existing use of the legacy vm_flags_t data type to the new vma_flags_t type which replaces it. In order to do so it adds a number of additional helpers: * vma_flags_empty() - Determines whether a vma_flags_t value has no bits set. * vma_flags_and() - Performs a bitwise AND between two vma_flags_t values. * vma_flags_diff_pair() - Determines which flags are not shared between a pair of VMA flags (typically non-constant values) * append_vma_flags() - Similar to mk_vma_flags(), but allows a vma_flags_t value to be specified (typically a constant value) which will be copied and appended to to create a new vma_flags_t value, with additional flags specified to append to it. * vma_flags_same() - Determines if a vma_flags_t value is exactly equal to a set of VMA flags. * vma_flags_same_mask() - Determines if a vma_flags_t value is eactly equal to another vma_flags_t value (typically constant). * vma_flags_same_pair() - Determines if a pair of vma_flags_t values are exactly equal to one another (typically both non-constant). * vma_flags_to_legacy() - Converts a vma_flags_t value to a vm_flags_t value, used to enable more iterative introduction of the use of vma_flags_t. * legacy_to_vma_flags() - Converts a vm_flags_t value to a vma_flags-t value, for the same purpose. * vma_flags_test_single_mask() - Tests whether a vma_flags_t value contain the single flag specified in an input vma_flags_t flag mask, or if that flag mask is empty, is defined to return false. Useful for config-predicated VMA flag mask defines. * vma_test() - Tests whether a VMA's flags contain a specific singular VMA flag. * vma_test_any() - Tests whether a VMA's flags contain any of a set of VMA flags. * vma_test_any_mask() - Tests whether a VMA's flags contain any of the flags specified in another, typically constant, vma_flags_t value. * vma_test_single_mask() - Tests whether a VMA's flags contain the single flag specified in an input vma_flags_t flag mask, or if that flag mask is empty, is defined to return false. Useful for config-predicated VMA flag mask defines. * vma_clear_flags() - Clears a specific set of VMA flags from a vma_flags_t value. * vma_clear_flags_mask() - Clears those flag set in a vma_flags_t value (typically constant) from a (typically not constant) vma_flags_t value. The series mostly focuses on the the VMA specific code, especially that contained in mm/vma.c and mm/vma.h. It updates both brk() and mmap() logic to utils vma_flags_t values as much as is practiaclly possible at this point, changing surrounding logic to be able to do so. It also updates the vma_modify_xxx() functions where they interact with VMA flags directly to use vm_flags_t values where possible. There is extensive testing added in the VMA userland tests to assert that all of these new VMA flag functions work correctly. This patch (of 25): Firstly, add the ability to determine if VMA flags are empty, that is no flags are set in a vma_flags_t value. Next, add the ability to obtain the equivalent of the bitwise and of two vma_flags_t values, via vma_flags_and_mask(). Next, add the ability to obtain the difference between two sets of VMA flags, that is the equivalent to the exclusive bitwise OR of the two sets of flags, via vma_flags_diff_pair(). vma_flags_xxx_mask() typically operates on a pointer to a vma_flags_t value, which is assumed to be an lvalue of some kind (such as a field in a struct or a stack variable) and an rvalue of some kind (typically a constant set of VMA flags obtained e.g. via mk_vma_flags() or equivalent). However vma_flags_diff_pair() is intended to operate on two lvalues, so use the _pair() suffix to make this clear. Finally, update VMA userland tests to add these helpers. We also port bitmap_xor() and __bitmap_xor() to the tools/ headers and source to allow the tests to work with vma_flags_diff_pair(). Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/cover.1774034900.git.ljs@kernel.org Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/53ab55b7da91425775e42c03177498ad6de88ef4.1774034900.git.ljs@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes (Oracle) <ljs@kernel.org> Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka (SUSE) <vbabka@kernel.org> Cc: Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu> Cc: Alexander Gordeev <agordeev@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Alexandre Ghiti <alex@ghiti.fr> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: Anton Ivanov <anton.ivanov@cambridgegreys.com> Cc: "Borislav Petkov (AMD)" <bp@alien8.de> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: Chengming Zhou <chengming.zhou@linux.dev> Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org> Cc: David Hildenbrand <david@kernel.org> Cc: Dinh Nguyen <dinguyen@kernel.org> Cc: Heiko Carstens <hca@linux.ibm.com> Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com> Cc: Huacai Chen <chenhuacai@kernel.org> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com> Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Cc: Jann Horn <jannh@google.com> Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net> Cc: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org> Cc: Liam Howlett <liam.howlett@oracle.com> Cc: Madhavan Srinivasan <maddy@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com> Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org> Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com> Cc: Ondrej Mosnacek <omosnace@redhat.com> Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com> Cc: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com> Cc: Pedro Falcato <pfalcato@suse.de> Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: Stephen Smalley <stephen.smalley.work@gmail.com> Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan <surenb@google.com> Cc: Sven Schnelle <svens@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de> Cc: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com> Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@kernel.org> Cc: WANG Xuerui <kernel@xen0n.name> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org> Cc: xu xin <xu.xin16@zte.com.cn> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
2026-04-02libbpf: Clarify raw-address single kprobe attach behaviorHoyeon Lee
bpf_program__attach_kprobe_opts() documents single-kprobe attach through func_name, with an optional offset. For the PMU-based path, func_name = NULL with an absolute address in offset already works as well, but that is not described in the API. This commit clarifies this existing non-legacy behavior. For PMU-based attach, callers can use func_name = NULL with an absolute address in offset as the raw-address form. For legacy tracefs/debugfs kprobes, reject this form explicitly. Signed-off-by: Hoyeon Lee <hoyeon.lee@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Acked-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260401143116.185049-3-hoyeon.lee@suse.com
2026-04-02libbpf: Use direct error codes for kprobe/uprobe attachHoyeon Lee
perf_event_open_probe() and perf_event_{k,u}probe_open_legacy() helpers are returning negative error codes directly on failure. This commit changes bpf_program__attach_{k,u}probe_opts() to use those return values directly instead of re-reading possibly changed errno. Signed-off-by: Hoyeon Lee <hoyeon.lee@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Acked-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260401143116.185049-2-hoyeon.lee@suse.com
2026-04-02libbpf: Fix BTF handling in bpf_program__clone()Mykyta Yatsenko
Align bpf_program__clone() with bpf_object_load_prog() by gating BTF func/line info on FEAT_BTF_FUNC kernel support, and resolve caller-provided prog_btf_fd before checking obj->btf so that callers with their own BTF can use clone() even when the object has no BTF loaded. While at it, treat func_info and line_info fields as atomic groups to prevent mismatches between pointer and count from different sources. Move bpf_program__clone() to libbpf 1.8. Fixes: 970bd2dced35 ("libbpf: Introduce bpf_program__clone()") Signed-off-by: Mykyta Yatsenko <yatsenko@meta.com> Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260401151640.356419-1-mykyta.yatsenko5@gmail.com
2026-04-01libperf cpumap: Make index and nr types unsignedIan Rogers
The index into the cpumap array and the number of entries within the array can never be negative, so let's make them unsigned. This is prompted by reports that gcc 13 with -O6 is giving a alloc-size-larger-than errors. The change makes the cpumap changes and then updates the declaration of index variables throughout perf and libperf to be unsigned. The two things are hard to separate as compiler warnings about mixing signed and unsigned types breaks the build. Reported-by: Chingbin Li <liqb365@163.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20260212025127.841090-1-liqb365@163.com/ Tested-by: Chingbin Li <liqb365@163.com> Signed-off-by: Ian Rogers <irogers@google.com> Signed-off-by: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
2026-03-30tools: unittest_helper: add a quiet modeMauro Carvalho Chehab
On quiet mode, only report errors. Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <27556792ff70e6267ecd19c258149d380db8d423.1774551940.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
2026-03-30doc tools: better handle KBUILD_VERBOSEMauro Carvalho Chehab
As reported by Jacob, there are troubles when KBUILD_VERBOSE is set at the environment. Fix it on both kernel-doc and sphinx-build-wrapper. Reported-by: Jacob Keller <jacob.e.keller@intel.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-doc/9367d899-53af-4d9c-9320-22fc4dbadca5@intel.com/ Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org> Tested-by: Jacob Keller <jacob.e.keller@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net> Message-ID: <7a99788db75630fb14828d612c0fd77c45ec1891.1774591065.git.mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>