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2026-06-02tick/sched: Account tickless idle cputime only when tick is stoppedFrederic Weisbecker
There is no real point in switching to dyntick-idle cputime accounting mode if the tick is not actually stopped. This just adds overhead, notably fetching the GTOD, on each idle exit and each idle IRQ entry for no reason during short idle trips. Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Tested-by: Shrikanth Hegde <sshegde@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508131647.43868-12-frederic@kernel.org
2026-06-02tick/sched: Remove unused fieldsFrederic Weisbecker
Remove fields after the dyntick-idle cputime migration to scheduler code. Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Tested-by: Shrikanth Hegde <sshegde@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508131647.43868-11-frederic@kernel.org
2026-06-02tick/sched: Move dyntick-idle cputime accounting to cputime codeFrederic Weisbecker
Although the dynticks-idle cputime accounting is necessarily tied to the tick subsystem, the actual related accounting code has no business residing there and should be part of the scheduler cputime code. Move away the relevant pieces and state machine to where they belong. Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Tested-by: Shrikanth Hegde <sshegde@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508131647.43868-10-frederic@kernel.org
2026-06-02tick/sched: Remove nohz disabled special case in cputime fetchFrederic Weisbecker
Even when nohz is not runtime enabled, the dynticks idle cputime accounting can run and the common idle cputime accessors are still relevant. Remove the nohz disabled special case accordingly. Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Tested-by: Shrikanth Hegde <sshegde@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508131647.43868-9-frederic@kernel.org
2026-06-02tick/sched: Unify idle cputime accountingFrederic Weisbecker
The non-vtime dynticks-idle cputime accounting is a big mess that accumulates within two concurrent statistics, each having their own shortcomings: * The accounting for online CPUs which is based on the delta between tick_nohz_start_idle() and tick_nohz_stop_idle(). Pros: - Works when the tick is off - Has nsecs granularity Cons: - Account idle steal time but doesn't substract it from idle cputime. - Assumes CONFIG_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING by not accounting IRQs but the IRQ time is simply ignored when CONFIG_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING=n - The windows between 1) idle task scheduling and the first call to tick_nohz_start_idle() and 2) idle task between the last tick_nohz_stop_idle() and the rest of the idle time are blindspots wrt. cputime accounting (though mostly insignificant amount) - Relies on private fields outside of kernel stats, with specific accessors. * The accounting for offline CPUs which is based on ticks and the jiffies delta during which the tick was stopped. Pros: - Handles steal time correctly - Handle CONFIG_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING=y and CONFIG_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING=n correctly. - Handles the whole idle task - Accounts directly to kernel stats, without midlayer accumulator. Cons: - Doesn't elapse when the tick is off, which doesn't make it suitable for online CPUs. - Has TICK_NSEC granularity (jiffies) - Needs to track the dyntick-idle ticks that were accounted and substract them from the total jiffies time spent while the tick was stopped. This is an ugly workaround. Having two different accounting for a single context is not the only problem: since those accountings are of different natures, it is possible to observe the global idle time going backward after a CPU goes offline. Clean up the situation with introducing a hybrid approach that stays coherent and works for both online and offline CPUs: * Tick based or native vtime accounting operate before the idle loop is entered and resume once the idle loop prepares to exit. * When the idle loop starts, switch to dynticks-idle accounting as is done currently, except that the statistics accumulate directly to the relevant kernel stat fields. * Private dyntick cputime accounting fields are removed. * Works on both online and offline case. Further improvement will include: * Only switch to dynticks-idle cputime accounting when the tick actually goes in dynticks mode. * Handle CONFIG_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING=n correctly such that the dynticks-idle accounting still elapses while on IRQs. * Correctly substract idle steal cputime from idle time Reported-by: Xin Zhao <jackzxcui1989@163.com> Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Tested-by: Shrikanth Hegde <sshegde@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508131647.43868-8-frederic@kernel.org
2026-06-02sched/cputime: Correctly support generic vtime idle timeFrederic Weisbecker
Currently whether generic vtime is running or not, the idle cputime is fetched from the nohz accounting. However generic vtime already does its own idle cputime accounting. Only the kernel stat accessors are not plugged to support it. Read the idle generic vtime cputime when it's running, this will allow to later more clearly split nohz and vtime cputime accounting. Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Tested-by: Shrikanth Hegde <sshegde@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508131647.43868-5-frederic@kernel.org
2026-06-02sched/cputime: Remove superfluous and error prone kcpustat_field() parameterFrederic Weisbecker
The first parameter to kcpustat_field() is a pointer to the cpu kcpustat to be fetched from. This parameter is error prone because a copy to a kcpustat could be passed by accident instead of the original one. Also the kcpustat structure can already be retrieved with the help of the mandatory CPU argument. Remove the needless parameter. Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Tested-by: Shrikanth Hegde <sshegde@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Shrikanth Hegde <sshegde@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508131647.43868-4-frederic@kernel.org
2026-06-02sched/idle: Handle offlining first in idle loopFrederic Weisbecker
Offline handling happens from within the inner idle loop, after the beginning of dyntick cputime accounting, nohz idle load balancing and TIF_NEED_RESCHED polling. This is not necessary and even buggy because: * There is no dyntick handling to do. And calling tick_nohz_idle_enter() messes up with the struct tick_sched reset that was performed on tick_sched_timer_dying(). * There is no nohz idle balancing to do. * Polling on TIF_RESCHED is irrelevant at this stage, there are no more tasks allowed to run. * No need to check if need_resched() before offline handling since stop_machine is done and all per-cpu kthread should be done with their job. Therefore move the offline handling at the beginning of the idle loop. This will also ease the idle cputime unification later by not elapsing idle time while offline through the call to: tick_nohz_idle_enter() -> tick_nohz_start_idle() Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Tested-by: Shrikanth Hegde <sshegde@linux.ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Rafael J. Wysocki (Intel) <rafael@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Shrikanth Hegde <sshegde@linux.ibm.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508131647.43868-3-frederic@kernel.org
2026-06-02tick/sched: Fix TOCTOU in nohz idle time fetchFrederic Weisbecker
When the nohz idle time is fetched, the current clock timestamp is taken outside the seqcount, which can result in a race as reported by Sashiko: get_cpu_sleep_time_us() tick_nohz_start_idle() ----------------------- --------------------- now = ktime_get() write_seqcount_begin(idle_sleeptime_seq); idle_entrytime = ktime_get() tick_sched_flag_set(ts, TS_FLAG_IDLE_ACTIVE); write_seqcount_end(&ts->idle_sleeptime_seq); read_seqcount_begin(idle_sleeptime_seq) delta = now - idle_entrytime); //!! But now < idle_entrytime idle = *sleeptime + delta; read_seqcount_retry(&ts->idle_sleeptime_seq, seq) Here the read side fetches the timestamp before the write side and its update. As a result the time delta computed on the read side is negative (ktime_t is signed) and breaks the cputime monotonicity guarantee. This could possibly be fixed with reading the current clock timestamp inside the seqcount but the reader overhead might then increase. Also simply checking that the current timestamp is above the idle entry time is enough to prevent any issue of the like. Fixes: 620a30fa0bd1 ("timers/nohz: Protect idle/iowait sleep time under seqcount") Reported-by: Sashiko Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260508131647.43868-2-frederic@kernel.org
2026-06-02time: Fix off-by-one in settimeofday() usec validationNaveen Kumar Chaudhary
The validation check uses '>' instead of '>=' when comparing tv_usec against USEC_PER_SEC, allowing the value 1000000 through. After conversion to nanoseconds (*= 1000), this produces tv_nsec == NSEC_PER_SEC, violating the timespec invariant that tv_nsec must be less than NSEC_PER_SEC. Use '>=' to reject tv_usec values that are not in the valid range of 0 to 999999. Fixes: 5e0fb1b57bea ("y2038: time: avoid timespec usage in settimeofday()") Signed-off-by: Naveen Kumar Chaudhary <naveen.osdev@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Acked-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/4rikk44zew3s6577dugmx4jyblz7o5c57niuap6ct3td5yfm6w@gh7pcumg7qor
2026-06-02clockevents: Fix duplicate type specifier in stub function parameterNaveen Kumar Chaudhary
The stub for arch_inlined_clockevent_set_next_coupled() has 'u64 u64 cycles' in its parameter list. Since u64 is a typedef, the compiler parses the second 'u64' as the parameter name, making 'cycles' an unused token. Remove the duplicate so the parameter is correctly named. Fixes: 89f951a1e8ad ("clockevents: Provide support for clocksource coupled comparators") Signed-off-by: Naveen Kumar Chaudhary <naveen.osdev@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/7tostpvxzdn6tobmyow63a5rweatls5kux3scqp2vzhe7mv6uq@ecr746b4hyhf
2026-06-02time/namespace: Export init_time_ns and do_timens_ktime_to_host()Maoyi Xie
timens_ktime_to_host() in compares the current time namespace against init_time_ns for the fast path. It calls do_timens_ktime_to_host() for the offset case. Both symbols are needed at link time by any caller of the inline. All current callers are builtin, but ntsync can be built as module, which prevents it from using it. Export both with EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL. Signed-off-by: Maoyi Xie <maoyixie.tju@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260528063311.3300393-2-maoyixie.tju@gmail.com
2026-06-02cgroup: Migrate tasks to the root css when a controller is reboundTejun Heo
cgroup_apply_control_disable() defers kill_css_finish() while a css is still populated, relying on css_update_populated() to fire the deferred kill once the populated count reaches zero. This deadlocks when a controller is rebound out of a hierarchy. Mounting an implicit_on_dfl controller such as perf_event as a v1 hierarchy steals it off the default hierarchy, and rebind_subsystems() kills its per-cgroup csses while they are still populated. The migration run in the same step keeps the old css for a controller no longer in the hierarchy's mask, so no task is migrated off the dying csses. Their populated count never reaches zero, the deferred kill_css_finish() never fires, and the next cgroup_lock_and_drain_offline() hangs forever under cgroup_mutex. That migration is already a no-op pass over the rebound subtree. Add cgroup_rebind_ss_mask so find_existing_css_set() resolves the leaving controllers to the root css. Their tasks are migrated there, the per-cgroup csses depopulate, and cgroup_apply_control_disable() kills them synchronously. The deferral stays correct for the rmdir and controller-disable paths it was meant for. Fixes: 1dffd95575eb ("cgroup: Defer kill_css_finish() in cgroup_apply_control_disable()") Reported-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/41cd159c-54e5-45e0-81df-eaf36a6c028e@sirena.org.uk/ Reported-by: Bert Karwatzki <spasswolf@web.de> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/4e986b4ed7e16547805d54b6e67d09120bc4d2f2.camel@web.de/ Tested-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org> Tested-by: Bert Karwatzki <spasswolf@web.de> Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
2026-06-02Merge branches 'rcutorture.2026.05.24' and 'misc.2026.05.24' into ↵refs/merge-window/d0426043cbc2fc676d6152b911adbeaf2a2cc1f1Uladzislau Rezki (Sony)
rcu-merge.2026.05.24 rcutorture.2026.05.24: Torture-test updates misc.2026.05.24: Miscellaneous RCU updates
2026-06-02rcu/nocb: reduce stack usage in nocb_gp_wait()Arnd Bergmann
When CONFIG_UBSAN_ALIGNMENT is enabled, the stack usage of nocb_gp_wait() grows above typical warning limits: In file included from kernel/rcu/tree.c:4930: kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h: In function 'rcu_nocb_gp_kthread': kernel/rcu/tree_nocb.h:866:1: error: the frame size of 1968 bytes is larger than 1280 bytes [-Werror=frame-larger-than=] Apparently, the problem is passing rcu_data from a 'void *' pointer, which gcc assumes may be misaligned. When the function is not inlined into rcu_nocb_gp_kthread(), that is no longer visible to gcc. Add a 'noinline_for_stack' annotation that leads to skipping a lot of the alignment sanitizer checks and keeps the stack usage 60% lower here. Reviewed-by: Kunwu Chan <chentao@kylinos.cn> Reviewed-by: Frederic Weisbecker <frederic@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Signed-off-by: Uladzislau Rezki (Sony) <urezki@gmail.com>
2026-06-02bpf: Reject exclusive maps for bpf_map_elem iteratorsDaniel Borkmann
Exclusive maps (aka excl_prog_hash) are meant to be reachable only from the single program whose hash matches. This is enforced by check_map_prog_compatibility() when the map is referenced from a program such as signed BPF loaders. A bpf_map_elem iterator, however, binds its target map at attach time in bpf_iter_attach_map() instead of referencing it from the program, so the exclusivity check is never reached. On top of that, the iterator exposes the map value as a writable buffer. Fixes: baefdbdf6812 ("bpf: Implement exclusive map creation") Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260602133052.423725-2-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-06-02tracing/eprobes: Allow use of BTF names to dereference pointersSteven Rostedt
Add syntax to the parsing of eprobes to be able to typecast a trace event field that is a pointer to a structure. Currently, a dereference must be a number, where the user has to figure out manually the offset of a member of a structure that they want to dereference. But for event probes that records a field that happens to be a pointer to a structure, it cannot dereference these values with BTF naming, but must use numerical offsets. For example, to find out what device a sk_buff is pointing to in the net_dev_xmit trace event, one must first use gdb to find the offsets of the members of the structures: (gdb) p &((struct sk_buff *)0)->dev $1 = (struct net_device **) 0x10 (gdb) p &((struct net_device *)0)->name $2 = (char (*)[16]) 0x118 And then use the raw numbers to dereference: # echo 'e:xmit net.net_dev_xmit +0x118(+0x10($skbaddr)):string' >> dynamic_events If BTF is in the kernel, then instead, the skbaddr can be typecast to sk_buff and use the normal dereference logic. # echo 'e:xmit net.net_dev_xmit (sk_buff)skbaddr->dev->name:string' >> dynamic_events # echo 1 > events/eprobes/xmit/enable # cat trace [..] sshd-session-1022 [000] b..2. 860.249343: xmit: (net.net_dev_xmit) arg1="enp7s0" sshd-session-1022 [000] b..2. 860.250061: xmit: (net.net_dev_xmit) arg1="enp7s0" sshd-session-1022 [000] b..2. 860.250142: xmit: (net.net_dev_xmit) arg1="enp7s0" sshd-session-1022 [000] b..2. 860.263553: xmit: (net.net_dev_xmit) arg1="enp7s0" sshd-session-1022 [000] b..2. 860.283820: xmit: (net.net_dev_xmit) arg1="enp7s0" sshd-session-1022 [000] b..2. 860.302716: xmit: (net.net_dev_xmit) arg1="enp7s0" sshd-session-1022 [000] b..2. 860.322905: xmit: (net.net_dev_xmit) arg1="enp7s0" sshd-session-1022 [000] b..2. 860.342828: xmit: (net.net_dev_xmit) arg1="enp7s0" sshd-session-1022 [000] b..2. 860.362268: xmit: (net.net_dev_xmit) arg1="enp7s0" sshd-session-1022 [000] b..2. 860.382335: xmit: (net.net_dev_xmit) arg1="enp7s0" sshd-session-1022 [000] b..2. 860.400856: xmit: (net.net_dev_xmit) arg1="enp7s0" sshd-session-1022 [000] b..2. 860.419893: xmit: (net.net_dev_xmit) arg1="enp7s0" The syntax is simply: (STRUCT)(FIELD)->MEMBER[->MEMBER..] Also add comments around the #else and #endif of #ifdef CONFIG_PROBE_EVENTS_BTF_ARGS to know what they are for. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260601130746.2139d926@gandalf.local.home/ Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org> Signed-off-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
2026-06-02printk: fix typos in commentsNaveen Kumar Chaudhary
Fix spelling/grammatical errors in printk.c and nbcon.c: - "precation" -> "precautionary" - "othrewise" -> "otherwise" - "An usable" -> "A usable" - "made a progress" -> "made progress" - "preemtible" -> "preemptible" - "mechasism" -> "mechanism" - "ownerhip" -> "ownership" Signed-off-by: Naveen Kumar Chaudhary <naveen.osdev@gmail.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/pakfewagyzb7da3yuxnaxdaoma5w4j2c7i3xebmcld3xy4mqs5@zxsx2idpxrdq Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
2026-06-02sched/fair: Unify cfs_rq throttling via account_cfs_rq_runtime()Peter Zijlstra
assign_cfs_rq_runtime() during update_curr() sets the resched indicator and relies on check_cfs_rq_runtime() during pick_next_task() / put_prev_entity() to throttle the hierarchy once current task is preempted / blocks. Per-task throttle, on the other hand, uses throttle_cfs_rq() to simply propagate the throttle signals, and then relies on task work to individually throttle the runnable tasks on their way out to the userspace. Remove check_cfs_rq_runtime() and unify throttling into account_cfs_rq_runtime() which only sets the cfs_rq->throttled, cfs_rq->throttle_count indicators via throttle_cfs_rq() and optionally adds the task work to the current task (donor) it is on the throttled hierarchy. throttle_cfs_rq() requests for sched_cfs_bandwidth_slice() worth of bandwidth for the current hierarchy that enable it to continue running uninterrupted when selected. For the rest, it requests a bare minimum of "1" to ensure some bandwidth is available and pass the "runtime_remaining > 0" checks once selected. For SCHED_PROXY_EXEC, a mutex holder cannot exit to userspace without dropping it first and the mutex_unlock() ensures proxy is stopped before the mutex handoff which preserves the current semantics for running a throttled task until it exits to the userspace even if it acts as a donor. [ prateek: rebased on tip, comments, commit message. ] Reviewed-By: Benjamin Segall <bsegall@google.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Tested-by: Aaron Lu <ziqianlu@bytedance.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260602071005.11942-1-kprateek.nayak@amd.com
2026-06-02sched/fair: Move the throttled tasks to a local list in tg_unthrottle_up()K Prateek Nayak
An update_curr() during the enqueue of throttled task will start throttling the hierarchy from subsequent commit. This can lead to tg_throttle_down() seeing non-empty throttled_limbo_list for the cfs_rq attaching the task from throttled_limbo_list one by one. For example: R | A / \ *B C | rq->curr *B is throttled with tasks on hte limbo list. When the tasks are unthrottled via tg_unthrottle_up() and entity of group B is placed onto A, update_curr() is called to catch up the vruntime and it may throttle group A causing the subsequent tg_throttle_down() to see the pending task's on B's limbo list. tg_unthrottle_up() /* --cfs_rq->throttle_count == 0 */ list_for_each_entry_safe(p, cfs_rq->throttled_limbo_list) enqueue_task_fair() enqueue_entity(se /* B->se */) update_curr(cfs_rq /* A->gcfs_rq */) account_cfs_rq_runtime(cfs_rq) throttle_cfs_rq(cfs_rq /* A->gcfs_rq */ ) tg_throttle_down() /* Reaches B->cfs_rq with throttle_count == 0 */ !!! !list_empty(&cfs_rq->throttled_limbo_list)) !!! Move the tasks from throttled_limbo_list onto a local list before starting the unthrottle to prevent the splat described above. If the hierarchy is throttled again in middle of an unthrottle, put the pending tasks back onto the limbo list to prevent running them unnecessarily. Signed-off-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Benjamin Segall <bsegall@google.com> Tested-by: Aaron Lu <ziqianlu@bytedance.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260602052531.11450-2-kprateek.nayak@amd.com
2026-06-02sched/fair: Call update_curr() before unthrottling the hierarchyK Prateek Nayak
Subsequent commits will allow update_curr() to throttle the hierarchy when the runtime accounting exceeds allocated quota. Call update_curr() before the unthrottle event, and in tg_unthrottle_up() to catch up on any remaining runtime and stabilize the "runtime_remaining" and "throttle_count" for that cfs_rq. Doing an update_curr() early ensures the cfs_rq is not throttled right back up again when the unthrottle is in progress. Since all callers of unthrottle_cfs_rq(), except two, already update the rq_clock and call rq_clock_start_loop_update(), move the update_rq_clock() from unthrottle_cfs_rq() to the callers that don't update the rq_clock. Signed-off-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Benjamin Segall <bsegall@google.com> Tested-by: Aaron Lu <ziqianlu@bytedance.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260602052531.11450-1-kprateek.nayak@amd.com
2026-06-02sched/fair: Use throttled_csd_list for local unthrottleK Prateek Nayak
When distribute_cfs_runtime() encounters a local cfs_rq, it adds it to a local list and unthrottles it at the end, when it is done unthrottling other cfs_rq(s) on cfs_b->throttled_cfs_rq until the bandwidth runs out. Instead of using a local list, reuse the local CPU's rq->throttled_csd_list and the __cfsb_csd_unthrottle() path for unthrottle. If this is the first cfs_rq to be queued on the "throttled_csd_list", it prevents the need for a remote CPUs to interrupt this local CPU if they themselves are performing async unthrottle. If this is not the first cfs_rq on the list, there is an async unthrottle operation pending on this local CPU and the unthrottle can be batched together. No functional changes intended. Signed-off-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Benjamin Segall <bsegall@google.com> Tested-by: Aaron Lu <ziqianlu@bytedance.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260602050005.11160-3-kprateek.nayak@amd.com
2026-06-02sched/fair: Convert cfs bandwidth throttling to use guardsK Prateek Nayak
Routine conversion of rcu_read_lock(), spin_lock*, and rq_lock usage within the cfs bandwidth controller to use class guards. Only notable changes are: - Checking for "cfs_rq->runtime_remaining <= 0" instead of the inverse to spot a throttle and break early. This also saves the need for extra indentation in the unthrottle case. - Reordering of list_del_rcu() against throttled_clock indicator update in unthrottle_cfs_rq(). Both are done with "cfs_b->lock" held after the "cfs_rq->throttled" is cleared which make the reordering safe against concurrent list modifications. No functional changes intended. Signed-off-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: Ben Segall <bsegall@google.com> Tested-by: Aaron Lu <ziqianlu@bytedance.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260602050005.11160-2-kprateek.nayak@amd.com
2026-06-02sched/fair: Allocate cfs_tg_state with percpu allocatorZecheng Li
To remove the cfs_rq pointer array in task_group, allocate the combined cfs_rq and sched_entity using the per-cpu allocator. This patch implements the following: - Changes task_group->cfs_rq from 'struct cfs_rq **' to 'struct cfs_rq __percpu *'. - Updates memory allocation in alloc_fair_sched_group() and free_fair_sched_group() to use alloc_percpu() and free_percpu() respectively. - Uses the inline accessor tg_cfs_rq(tg, cpu) with per_cpu_ptr() to retrieve the pointer to cfs_rq for the given task group and CPU. - Replaces direct accesses tg->cfs_rq[cpu] with calls to the new tg_cfs_rq(tg, cpu) helper. - Handles the root_task_group: since struct rq is already a per-cpu variable (runqueues), its embedded cfs_rq (rq->cfs) is also per-cpu. Therefore, we assign root_task_group.cfs_rq = &runqueues.cfs. - Cleanup the code in initializing the root task group. This change places each CPU's cfs_rq and sched_entity in its local per-cpu memory area to remove the per-task_group pointer arrays. Signed-off-by: Zecheng Li <zecheng@google.com> Signed-off-by: Zecheng Li <zli94@ncsu.edu> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com> Reviewed-by: Josh Don <joshdon@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260522141623.600235-4-zli94@ncsu.edu
2026-06-02sched/fair: Remove task_group->se pointer arrayZecheng Li
Now that struct sched_entity is co-located with struct cfs_rq for non-root task groups, the task_group->se pointer array is redundant. The associated sched_entity can be loaded directly from the cfs_rq. This patch performs the access conversion with the helpers: - is_root_task_group(tg): checks if a task group is the root task group. It compares the task group's address with the global root_task_group variable. - tg_se(tg, cpu): retrieves the cfs_rq and returns the address of the co-located se. This function checks if tg is the root task group to ensure behaving the same of previous tg->se[cpu]. Replaces all accesses that use the tg->se[cpu] pointer array with calls to the new tg_se(tg, cpu) accessor. - cfs_rq_se(cfs_rq): simplifies access paths like cfs_rq->tg->se[...] to use the co-located sched_entity. This function also checks if tg is the root task group to ensure same behavior. Since tg_se is not in very hot code paths, and the branch is a register comparison with an immediate value (`&root_task_group`), the performance impact is expected to be negligible. Signed-off-by: Zecheng Li <zecheng@google.com> Signed-off-by: Zecheng Li <zli94@ncsu.edu> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com> Reviewed-by: Josh Don <joshdon@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260522141623.600235-3-zli94@ncsu.edu
2026-06-02sched/fair: Co-locate cfs_rq and sched_entity in cfs_tg_stateZecheng Li
Improve data locality and reduce pointer chasing by allocating struct cfs_rq and struct sched_entity together for non-root task groups. This is achieved by introducing a new combined struct cfs_tg_state that holds both objects in a single allocation. This patch: - Introduces struct cfs_tg_state that embeds cfs_rq, sched_entity, and sched_statistics together in a single structure. - Updates __schedstats_from_se() in stats.h to use cfs_tg_state for accessing sched_statistics from a group sched_entity. - Modifies alloc_fair_sched_group() and free_fair_sched_group() to allocate and free the new struct as a single unit. - Modifies the per-CPU pointers in task_group->se and task_group->cfs_rq to point to the members in the new combined structure. Signed-off-by: Zecheng Li <zecheng@google.com> Signed-off-by: Zecheng Li <zli94@ncsu.edu> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Reviewed-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com> Reviewed-by: Josh Don <joshdon@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260522141623.600235-2-zli94@ncsu.edu
2026-06-02sched: restore timer_slack_ns when resetting RT policy on forkGuanyou.Chen
Commit ed4fb6d7ef68 ("hrtimer: Use and report correct timerslack values for realtime tasks") sets timer_slack_ns to 0 for RT tasks in __setscheduler_params(). However, when an RT task with SCHED_RESET_ON_FORK creates child threads, the children inherit timer_slack_ns=0 from the parent. sched_fork() resets the child's policy to SCHED_NORMAL but does not restore timer_slack_ns, leaving the child permanently running with zero slack. Fix this by restoring timer_slack_ns from default_timer_slack_ns in sched_fork() when resetting from RT/DL to NORMAL policy, matching the existing behavior in __setscheduler_params(). Note: this fix alone requires a correct default_timer_slack_ns to be effective. See the following patch for that fix. Fixes: ed4fb6d7ef68 ("hrtimer: Use and report correct timerslack values for realtime tasks") Reported-by: Qiaoting.Lin <linqiaoting@xiaomi.com> Signed-off-by: Guanyou.Chen <chenguanyou@xiaomi.com> Signed-off-by: Chunhui.Li <chunhui.li@mediatek.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260522131000.1664983-2-chenguanyou@xiaomi.com
2026-06-02sched: Simplify ttwu_runnable()Peter Zijlstra
Note that both proxy and delayed tasks have ->is_blocked set. Use this one condition to guard both paths. Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260526113322.714832584%40infradead.org
2026-06-02sched/proxy: Remove superfluous clear_task_blocked_in()Peter Zijlstra
Per the discussion here: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260403112810.GG3738786@noisy.programming.kicks-ass.net/ The reason for this condition is that the signal condition in try_to_block_task() would set_task_blocked_in_waking(). However, it no longer does that, in fact, that path does clear_task_blocked_on(). Further, per the discussions here: https://lore.kernel.org/r/dc61cf77-e541-441d-a708-c40e19aa0db2%40amd.com https://lore.kernel.org/r//9dd1d24d-45d3-4ee2-8e67-8305b34bfb6d%40amd.com there are a few other edge cases that needed this. But they're all variants of PROXY_WAKING leaking out. And since PROXY_WAKING is now gone, this is no longer needed either. Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Acked-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260526113322.120970670%40infradead.org
2026-06-02sched/proxy: Remove PROXY_WAKINGK Prateek Nayak
Now that the proxy path uses ->is_blocked, use the '->is_blocked && !->blocked_on' state instead of PROXY_WAKING. Notably, this is where a blocked_on relation is broken but the donor task might still need a return migration. Signed-off-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260526113322.596522894%40infradead.org
2026-06-02sched/proxy: Switch proxy to use p->is_blockedPeter Zijlstra
Rather than gate the proxy paths with p->blocked_on, use p->is_blocked. This opens up the state: '->is_blocked && !->blocked_on' for future use. Notably, only proxy and delayed tasks can be ->on_rq && ->is_blocked, and it is guaranteed that sched_class::pick_task() will never return a delayed task. Therefore any task returned from pick_next_task() that has ->is_blocked set, must be a proxy task. Suggested-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260526113322.477954312%40infradead.org
2026-06-02sched/proxy: Only return migrate when neededPeter Zijlstra
Current code will 'unconditionally' return migrate on PROXY_WAKING, even if the task is (still) on the original CPU. Check task_cpu(p) against p->waking_cpu, which per proxy_set_task_cpu() preserves the original CPU the task was on. If they do not mis-match, there is no need to go through the more expensive wakeup path. Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260527082916.GP3126523%40noisy.programming.kicks-ass.net
2026-06-02sched: Be more strict about p->is_blockedPeter Zijlstra
Upon entry to try_to_block_task(), p->is_blocked should be false. After all, the prior wakeup would have made it so per ttwu_do_wakeup(). Ensure this is the case, rather than clearing it in the path that doesn't set it. Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Acked-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260526113322.364017314%40infradead.org
2026-06-02sched/proxy: Optimize try_to_wake_up()Peter Zijlstra
The reason for the clause in try_to_wake_up() is, per its comment, that find_proxy_task()'s proxy_deactivate() is not always called with a cleared p->blocked_on. However, that seems silly and easily cured. Make sure to always call proxy_deactivate() with a cleared p->blocked_on such that we might remove this clause from the common wake-up path. Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Acked-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260526113322.244729903%40infradead.org
2026-06-02sched: Add blocked_donor link to task for smarter mutex handoffsPeter Zijlstra
Add link to the task this task is proxying for, and use it so the mutex owner can do an intelligent hand-off of the mutex to the task that the owner is running on behalf. [jstultz: This patch was split out from larger proxy patch] Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Valentin Schneider <valentin.schneider@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Connor O'Brien <connoro@google.com> Signed-off-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260512025635.2840817-8-jstultz@google.com
2026-06-02sched: Add is_blocked task flagJohn Stultz
Add a new is_blocked flag to the task struct. This flag is set by try_to_block_task() and cleared by ttwu_do_wakeup() and tracks if the task is blocked. Traditionally this would mirror !p->on_rq, however due things like DELAY_DEQUEUE and PROXY_EXEC, this can diverge, so its useful to manage separately. Additionally with this, we might be able to get rid of the p->se.sched_delayed (ab)use in the core code (eventually). Taken whole cloth from Peter's email: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20260501132143.GC1026330@noisy.programming.kicks-ass.net/ With a few additional p->is_blocked = 0 in a few cases where we return current if blocked_on gets zeroed or there is no owner. This may hint that these current special cases might be dropped eventually. This change also helps resolve wait-queue stalls seen with proxy-execution. See previous patch attempts for details: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20260430215103.2978955-2-jstultz@google.com/ Reported-by: Vineeth Pillai <vineethrp@google.com> Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260512025635.2840817-7-jstultz@google.com
2026-06-02sched: Have try_to_wake_up() handle return-migration for PROXY_WAKING caseJohn Stultz
This patch adds logic so try_to_wake_up() will notice if we are waking a task where blocked_on == PROXY_WAKING, and if necessary dequeue the task so the wakeup will naturally return-migrate the donor task back to a cpu it can run on. This helps performance as we do the dequeue and wakeup under the locks normally taken in the try_to_wake_up() and avoids having to do proxy_force_return() from __schedule(), which has to re-take similar locks and then force a pick again loop. This was split out from the larger proxy patch, and significantly reworked. Credits for the original patch go to: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Juri Lelli <juri.lelli@redhat.com> Valentin Schneider <valentin.schneider@arm.com> Connor O'Brien <connoro@google.com> Signed-off-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260512025635.2840817-6-jstultz@google.com
2026-06-02sched: Rework block_task so it can be directly calledJohn Stultz
Pull most of the logic out of try_to_block_task() and put it into block_task() directly, so that we can call block_task() and not have to worry about the failing cases in try_to_block_task() Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260512025635.2840817-5-jstultz@google.com
2026-06-02sched: deadline: Add dl_rq->curr pointer to address issues with Proxy ExecJohn Stultz
The DL scheduler keeps the current task in the rbtree, since the deadline value isn't usually chagned while the task is runnable. This results in set_next_task() and put_prev_task() being simpler, but unfortunately this causes complexity elsewhere. Specifically when update_curr_dl() updates the deadline, it has to dequeue and then enqueue the task. From put_prev_task_dl(), we first call update_curr_dl(), and then call enqueue_pushable_dl_task(). However, with Proxy Exec this goes awry. Since when a mutex is released, we might wake the waiting rq->donor. This will cause put_prev_task() to be called on the donor to take it off the cpu for return migration. At that point, from put_prev_task_dl() the update_curr_dl() logic will dequeue & enqueue the task, and the enqueue function will call enqueue_pushable_dl_task() (since the task_current() check won't prevent it). Then back up the callstack in put_prev_task_dl() we'll end up calling enqueue_pushable_dl_task() again, tripping the !RB_EMPTY_NODE(&p->pushable_dl_tasks) warning. So to avoid this, use Peter's suggested[1] approach, and add a dl_rq->curr pointer that is set/cleared from set_next_task()/ put_prev_task(), which effectively tracks the rq->donor. We can then use this to avoid adding the active donor to the pushable list from enqueue_task_dl(). [1]: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20260304095123.GP606826@noisy.programming.kicks-ass.net/ Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260512025635.2840817-4-jstultz@google.com
2026-06-02sched: deadline: Add some helper variables to cleanup deadline logicJohn Stultz
As part of an improvement to handling pushable deadline tasks, Peter suggested this cleanup[1], to use helper values for dl_entity and dl_rq in the enqueue_task_dl() and put_prev_task_dl() functions. There should be no functional change from this patch. To make sure this cleanup change doesn't obscure later logic changes, I've split it into its own patch. [1]: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20260304095123.GP606826@noisy.programming.kicks-ass.net/ Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org> Signed-off-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260512025635.2840817-3-jstultz@google.com
2026-06-02sched: Rework prev_balance() to avoid stale prev referencesJohn Stultz
Historically, the prev value from __schedule() was the rq->curr. This prev value is passed down through numerous functions, and used in the class scheduler implementations. The fact that prev was on_cpu until the end of __schedule(), meant it was stable across the rq lock drops that the class->balance() implementations often do. However, with proxy-exec, the prev passed to functions called by __schedule() is rq->donor, which may not be the same as rq->curr and may not be on_cpu, this makes the prev value potentially unstable across rq lock drops. A recently found issue with proxy-exec, is when we begin doing return migration from try_to_wake_up(), its possible we may be waking up the rq->donor. When we do this, we proxy_resched_idle() to put_prev_set_next() setting the rq->donor to rq->idle, allowing the rq->donor to be return migrated and allowed to run. This however runs into trouble, as on another cpu we might be in the middle of calling __schedule(). Conceptually the rq lock is held for the majority of the time, but in calling prev_balance() its possible the class->balance() handler call may briefly drop the rq lock. This opens a window for try_to_wake_up() to wake and return migrate the rq->donor before the class logic reacquires the rq lock. Unfortunately prev_balance() pass in a prev argument, to which we pass rq->donor. However this prev value can now become stale and incorrect across a rq lock drop. So, to correct this, rework the prev_balance() call so that it does not take a "prev" argument. Signed-off-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260512025635.2840817-2-jstultz@google.com
2026-06-02locking: mutex: Fix proxy-exec potentially deactivating tasks marked ↵John Stultz
TASK_RUNNING Vineeth found came up with a test driver that could trip up workqueue stalls. After fixing one issue this test found, Vineeth reported the test was still failing. Greatly simplified, a task that tries to take a mutex already owned by another task that is sleeping, can hit a edge case in the mutex_lock_common() case. If the task fails to get the lock, calls into schedule, but gets a spurious wakeup, it will find that it is first waiter, and go into the mutex_optimistic_spin() logic. Though before calling mutex_optimistic_spin(), we clear task blocked_on state, since mutex_optimistic_spin() may call schedule() if need_resched() is set. After mutex_optimistic_spin() fails, we set blocked_on again, restart the main mutex loop, try to take the lock and call into schedule_preempt_disabled(). From there, with proxy-execution, we'll see the task is blocked_on, follow the chain, see the owner is sleeping and dequeue the waiting task from the runqueue. This all sounds fine and reasonable. But what I had missed is that in mutex_optimistic_spin(), not only do we call schedule() but we set TASK_RUNNABLE right before doing so. This is ok for that invocation of schedule(). But when we come back we re-set the blocked_on we had just cleared, but we do not re-set the task state to TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE/UNINTERRUPTIBLE. This means we have a task that is blocked_on & TASK_RUNNABLE, so when the proxy execution code dequeues the task, we are in trouble since future wakeups will be shortcut by the ttwu_state_match() check. Thus, to avoid this, after mutex_optimistic_spin(), set the task state back when we set blocked_on. Many many thanks again to Vineeth for his very useful testing driver that uncovered this long hidden bug, that I hadn't tripped in all my testing! Very impressed with the problems he's uncovered! Reported-by: Vineeth Pillai <vineethrp@google.com> Signed-off-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Tested-by: Vineeth Pillai <vineethrp@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260430215103.2978955-3-jstultz@google.com
2026-06-02Merge branch 'tip/sched/urgent'Peter Zijlstra
Pick up urgent fixes. Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
2026-06-02timekeeping: Use system_time_snapshot::systime/monoraw instead of ::real/rawThomas Gleixner
system_time_snapshot::systime provides the same information as system_time_snapshot::real when the snapshot was taken with ktime_get_snapshot_id(CLOCK_REALTIME). Convert the history interpolation over to use 'systime' and 'monoraw' as 'real/raw' are going away once all users are converted. As a side effect this is the first step to support CLOCK_AUX with get_device_crosstime_stamp() and the history interpolation. Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Tested-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk> Tested-by: Arthur Kiyanovski <akiyano@amazon.com> Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk> Reviewed-by: Thomas Weißschuh <thomas.weissschuh@linutronix.de> Reviewed-by: Jacob Keller <jacob.e.keller@intel.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260529195557.024415766@kernel.org
2026-06-02timekeeping: Provide ktime_get_snapshot_id()Thomas Gleixner
ktime_get_snapshot() provides a snapshot of the underlying clocksource counter value and the corresponding CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW, CLOCK_REALTIME and CLOCK_BOOTTIME timestamps. There is no usage of CLOCK_REALTIME and CLOCK_BOOTTIME at the same time and CLOCK_BOOTTIME support was just added for the ARM64 KVM tracing mechanism, which needs CLOCK_BOOTTIME and the underlying clocksource counter value. ktime_get_snapshot() is also not suitable for usage with CLOCK_AUX, but that's a prerequisite to support PTP hardware timestamping for CLOCK_AUX steering. As a first step, rename ktime_get_snapshot() to ktime_get_snapshot_id(), which now takes a clockid argument to select the clock which needs to be captured. The result is stored in system_time_snapshot::systime, which will replace the system_time_snapshot::real/boot members once all usage sites have been converted. ktime_get_snapshot() is a simple wrapper which hands in CLOCK_REALTIME as clockid argument for the conversion period. That means CLOCK_REALTIME is now captured twice, but that redunancy is only temporary. As all usage sites of struct system_time_snapshot has to be updated anyway, rename the 'raw' member to 'monoraw' for clarity. No functional change vs. current users of ktime_get_snapshot() Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Tested-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk> Tested-by: Arthur Kiyanovski <akiyano@amazon.com> Reviewed-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk> Reviewed-by: Thomas Weißschuh <thomas.weissschuh@linutronix.de> Reviewed-by: Jacob Keller <jacob.e.keller@intel.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260529195556.971591633@kernel.org
2026-06-01bpf: fix UAF by restoring RCU-delayed inode freeing in bpffsDeepanshu Kartikey
commit 4f375ade6aa9 ("bpf: Avoid RCU context warning when unpinning htab with internal structs") moved inode cleanup from ->free_inode() into ->destroy_inode() to avoid sleeping in RCU context when calling bpf_any_put(). However this removed the RCU delay on freeing the inode itself and the cached symlink body (i_link), both of which can be accessed by RCU pathwalk (pick_link, may_lookup etc.). This causes a use-after-free when a concurrent unlinkat() drops the last inode reference and destroy_inode() frees the inode immediately, while another task is still walking the path in RCU mode and reads inode->i_opflags (offset +2) inside current_time() -> is_mgtime(). KASAN reports: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in is_mgtime include/linux/fs.h:2313 Read of size 2 at addr ffff8880407e4282 (offset +2 = i_opflags) The rules (per Al Viro): ->destroy_inode() called immediately, can sleep, use for blocking cleanup e.g. bpf_any_put() ->free_inode() called after RCU grace period, use for freeing inode and anything RCU-accessible e.g. i_link Fix: split the two concerns properly: - keep bpf_any_put() in bpf_destroy_inode() since it is blocking and needs to run promptly - introduce bpf_free_inode() to handle kfree(i_link) and free_inode_nonrcu() with proper RCU delay, preventing the UAF Fixes: 4f375ade6aa9 ("bpf: Avoid RCU context warning when unpinning htab with internal structs") Reported-by: syzbot+36e50496c8ac4bcde3f9@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Closes: https://syzkaller.appspot.com/bug?extid=36e50496c8ac4bcde3f9 Suggested-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260423043906.GN3518998@ZenIV/ Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260602002607.110866-1-kartikey406@gmail.com/T/ [v1] Signed-off-by: Deepanshu Kartikey <kartikey406@gmail.com> Acked-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260602025249.113828-1-kartikey406@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-06-01bpf: Allow subprogs to return arena pointersEmil Tsalapatis
BPF subprogs currently only return void or scalar values. However, it is also safe to return arena pointers between subprogs in the same BPF program: Arena pointers are guaranteed to be safe for both programs at any point. Expand the verifier to permit returning an arena pointer to the caller. The main subprog is still not allowed to return an arena pointer because arena pointers are internal to the BPF program, and the return values permitted for each main subprog depend on the program type anyway. Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Emil Tsalapatis <emil@etsalapatis.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260602004120.17087-4-emil@etsalapatis.com Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-06-01verifier: parse BTF type tags for function argumentsEmil Tsalapatis
The BTF parsing logic for function arguments goes through the arguments' decl tags, but does not go into their type tags. Add type tag parsing for function arguments. Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Emil Tsalapatis <emil@etsalapatis.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260602004120.17087-3-emil@etsalapatis.com Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-06-01libbpf: Reject non-exclusive metadata maps in the signed loaderKP Singh
The loader verifies map->sha against the metadata hash in its instructions. map->sha is calculated when BPF_OBJ_GET_INFO_BY_FD is called on the frozen map. While the map is frozen, the /signed loader/ must also ensure the map is exclusive, as, without exclusivity (which a hostile host could just omit when loading the loader), another BPF program with map access can mutate the contents afterwards, so the check passes on stale data. With the extra check as part of the signed loader, it now refuses to move on with map->sha validation if the host set it up wrongly. Fixes: fb2b0e290147 ("libbpf: Update light skeleton for signing") Signed-off-by: KP Singh <kpsingh@kernel.org> Co-developed-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260601150248.394863-4-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2026-06-01bpf: Drop redundant hash_buf from map_get_hash operationDaniel Borkmann
bpf_map_get_info_by_fd() is the only caller of the ->map_get_hash and always invokes it with hash_buf == map->sha and hash_buf_size of SHA256_DIGEST_SIZE. array_map_get_hash() in turn lets sha256() write the digest directly into that buffer (map->sha) and then performs a trailing memcpy(), which evaluates to memcpy(map->sha, map->sha, 32): a redundant self-copy. The hash_buf_size argument was never used at all. Simplify this a bit, no functional change. Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260601150248.394863-3-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>