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Move the kvm_s390_major_guest_pfault trace event from trace.h to a new
trace_gmap.h header. This separates gmap-specific tracing from general
KVM/s390 tracing, preparing for code sharing between multiple KVM
implementations.
The trace event definition is updated to use local defines for
parameters so that they can be replaced later with ease for when another
KVM implementation uses these traces.
No functional change.
Signed-off-by: Steffen Eiden <seiden@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@linux.ibm.com>
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TLB Invalidation by Range has a fairly powerful way of encoding pretty
large ranges in a small number of bits. This range can be based on an
arbitrary VA, which means it is pretty easy for a guest to generate an
overflow should the hypervisor be naive enough to add the range to the
base...
Make sure the range is capped to the limit dictated by the address bit
that determines the VA range. For an IPA invalidation, this is further
corrected down the line to ignore the upper range.
Fixes: 4ffa72ad8f37e ("KVM: arm64: nv: Add S1 TLB invalidation primitive for VNCR_EL2")
Reported-by: Wei-Lin Chang <weilin.chang@arm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/yifz3wn5gk5sr6mapi32trgk5m5kp33bquctsjmkifebnsnndt@fix6u4rthx4g
Signed-off-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Wei-Lin Chang <weilin.chang@arm.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260810170616.746100-1-maz@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Oliver Upton <oupton@kernel.org>
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Add return value handling for struct dw_pcie_ep_ops .pre_init callback.
Signed-off-by: Marek Vasut <marek.vasut+renesas@mailbox.org>
Signed-off-by: Manivannan Sadhasivam <manivannan.sadhasivam@oss.qualcomm.com>
Reviewed-by: Siddharth Vadapalli <s-vadapalli@ti.com>
Reviewed-by: Frank Li <Frank.Li@nxp.com>
Acked-by: Roy Zang <Roy.Zang@nxp.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260728012548.465139-3-marek.vasut+renesas@mailbox.org
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Add return value handling for struct dw_pcie_ep_ops .init callback.
Signed-off-by: Marek Vasut <marek.vasut+renesas@mailbox.org>
Signed-off-by: Manivannan Sadhasivam <manivannan.sadhasivam@oss.qualcomm.com>
Reviewed-by: Frank Li <Frank.Li@nxp.com>
Reviewed-by: Siddharth Vadapalli <s-vadapalli@ti.com>
Acked-by: Roy Zang <Roy.Zang@nxp.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260728012548.465139-2-marek.vasut+renesas@mailbox.org
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aie2_populate_range() incorrectly failed jobs for BOs with multiple
mmaps: if the unmapped entry appeared first in umap_list, the loop would
pick it up, call hmm_range_fault() on a gone VMA, and return -EFAULT
without ever trying the remaining valid mapps.
Fix it by skipping unmapped entries. After the loop, if the map list is
empty or all maps are valid, map_invalid can be cleared normally.
Fixes: e486147c912f ("accel/amdxdna: Add BO import and export")
Reviewed-by: Max Zhen <max.zhen@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Lizhi Hou <lizhi.hou@amd.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260812205628.810816-1-lizhi.hou@amd.com
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Under heavy concurrent DMA traffic on CoCo VMs, inc_used_and_hiwater()
performs an atomic_long_add_return() plus a CAS loop on the global
used_hiwater, and dec_used() performs an atomic_long_sub() on total_used.
All CPUs contend on the same cacheline, causing measurable throughput
degradation at scale.
Historically these counters were only compiled in under CONFIG_DEBUG_FS,
which means production kernels with debugfs paid the atomic overhead
unconditionally. Make the tracking boot-time opt-in instead so that it
is disabled by default with near-zero overhead via static_call, and can
be enabled via "swiotlb=track_hiwater" parameter on demand for debugging.
Note that when CONFIG_DEBUG_FS is enabled but hiwater tracking is disabled,
the "io_tlb_used" metric reports an approximate value rather than an
instantaneously exact one.
Suggested-by: Fan Du <fan.du@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jun Miao <jun.miao@intel.com>
Co-developed-by: Fan Du <fan.du@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Fan Du <fan.du@intel.com>
Tested-by: chenhuguanshen <chenhgs@chinatelecom.cn>
Signed-off-by: chenhuguanshen <chenhgs@chinatelecom.cn>
Reviewed-by: Michael Kelley <mhklinux@outlook.com>
Tested-by: Michael Kelley <mhklinux@outlook.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260812070459.637077-1-frankchen158@126.com
Signed-off-by: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com>
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Add support for the PCIe PMU found on LECARC SoCs.
LECARC platforms use the standard DesignWare PCIe Controller, and the
existing DWC driver already handles the enumeration and basic
functionality through the generic PCIe core.
Hence, add the PCI vendor ID to the vendor-specific capability (VSEC) list,
which enables the standard DWC RAS/DES feature detection.
Signed-off-by: Brett Zhou <brett_zhou@lecomputing.com>
Signed-off-by: Braden Zhang <braden_zhang@lecomputing.com>
[mani: commit log]
Signed-off-by: Manivannan Sadhasivam <manivannan.sadhasivam@oss.qualcomm.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260721-pcie-pmu-v5-1-570e44af7cde@lecomputing.com
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The TMP110 is register compatible with TMP102, add non-DT I2C device ID.
Signed-off-by: Marek Vasut <marex@nabladev.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260812191021.65304-2-marex@nabladev.com
Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
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Up until now, the MT8173 elm/hana device tree has set the dedicated
regulator supplying the trackpad as always-on, simply because the Elan
driver was missing proper delays. As a result the delay for the
Synaptics trackpad was also omitted, as it was not strictly required
under such a model and delayed the availability of the trackpad to the
user.
The Elan driver recently gained proper delays after power-up, with
adaptive skipping of the delay if the regulator was originally
on. The I2C HID driver and I2C OF component prober library gained
similar adaptive delay skipping. The device tree will be fixed to have
the regulator not be always on, and proper post-power-on delay time
added to the I2C HID device.
Also add the post-power-on delay to the ChromeOS OF component prober,
so that if the regulator is off at the time of probing, the prober knows
to wait for the hardware to initialize.
Signed-off-by: Chen-Yu Tsai <wenst@chromium.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260811122011.3539250-8-wenst@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Tzung-Bi Shih <tzungbi@kernel.org>
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The commit 7619a0ee9340 ("bpf: Mark existing lock-safe kfuncs with KF_SPINLOCK_SAFE")
dropped some helpers in verifier, which also eliminated the use of the
following kfuncs from the special_kfunc_list:
* bpf_arena_reserve_pages
* bpf_stream_vprintk
* bpf_stream_print_stack
So, drop them from the special_kfunc_list.
Signed-off-by: Leon Hwang <leon.hwang@linux.dev>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260812164843.55601-1-leon.hwang@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
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The dup/restore of insn_aux_data was introduced to resolve the
inconsistency between insnsi and insn_aux_data arrays, which occurs
on the failure path where insnsi was rolled back to the original
state before constants blinding, while insn_aux_data was not.
After JIT failure, there is only one user, bpf_clear_insn_aux_data(),
that requires insnsi and insn_aux_data to be synchronized. It accesses
both insnsi and insn_aux_data using the same array size and index.
However, the access to insnsi in bpf_clear_insn_aux_data() is not
necessary. It is checked to skip the second slot of an ldimm64 instruction,
whose jt is never set and can be absorbed into the jt check itself.
So remove the access to insnsi from bpf_clear_insn_aux_data(), and add a
specific length field for insn_aux_data to allow it to have a different
length from the insnsi array. Then remove dup/restore of insn_aux_data.
Signed-off-by: Xu Kuohai <xukuohai@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/5a4528f019c8d2638c019a2f37475cccc16a9503.1785240296.git.xukuohai@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
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io_import_reg_vec() converts the estimated number of bio_vec entries
into iovec-sized storage when struct bio_vec is larger than struct
iovec. The conversion still multiplies nr_segs by sizeof(struct
bio_vec) in size_t without checking for overflow.
On 32-bit kernels, a registered buffer large enough to make
io_estimate_bvec_size() return 357913942 segments wraps the byte count
from 0x100000008 to 8. io_vec_realloc() then reserves only the input
iovecs plus one extra slot while io_vec_fill_bvec() writes the full
bio_vec array.
Check both the multiplication and the rounding addition before
deriving the replacement iovec count.
Fixes: b4e41050b212 ("io_uring/rsrc: raise registered buffer 1GB limit")
Assisted-by: Codex:gpt-5
Signed-off-by: Jérémy Jean <Jeremy.Jean@oss.cyber.gouv.fr>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260812203042.720348-1-Jeremy.Jean@oss.cyber.gouv.fr
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
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Simon Wunderlich says:
====================
This cleanup patchset includes the following patches:
- dat: drop non-4addr backwards compatibility, by Sven Eckelmann
- tvlv: handle negative tvlv processing return codes,
by Sven Eckelmann
- improve kernel-doc, add comments and warnings,
by Sven Eckelmann (3 patches)
- coding style: split declarations, reverse x-mas tree,
by Sven Eckelmann (2 patches)
- handle errors in batadv_init(), by Minhong He
- correct NET_RX_* NET_XMIT_* confusion, by Sven Eckelmann
- remove negative returns for batadv_send_skb_unicast,
by Sven Eckelmann
* tag 'batadv-next-pullrequest-20260805' of https://git.open-mesh.org/batadv:
batman-adv: remove negative returns for batadv_send_skb_unicast
batman-adv: correct NET_RX_* NET_XMIT_* confusion
batman-adv: handle errors in batadv_init()
batman-adv: switch var declarations to reverse x-mas tree order
batman-adv: split multiple declarations per line
batman-adv: annotate functions which may reallocate the skbuff
batman-adv: fix kernel-doc for functions holding skb ownership
batman-adv: add missing kernel-doc comments
batman-adv: tvlv: handle negative tvlv processing return codes
batman-adv: dat: drop non-4addr backwards compatibility
====================
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260805143200.722098-1-sw@simonwunderlich.de
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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By using __cleanup(aes_cmac_zeroize_key) for clearing the key data,
we can save one line of code here.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260807125845.1477067-7-thuth@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
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Clear the local aes_cmac_key structure via __cleanup() function
when we're done with it to avoid that sensitive data could leak on
the stack.
While we're at it, also clear the tmp[] array here that is populated
with a raw version of the original key and thus would leak the same
information via the stack otherwise.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260807125845.1477067-5-thuth@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
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Clear the local crypto-related structures via __cleanup() functions
when we're done with them to avoid that sensitive data could leak on
the stack.
Note: cmac_ctx in ksmbd_sign_smb3_pdu() gets cleared in aes_cmac_final()
already, so this does not need a __cleanup() marker.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth <thuth@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Namjae Jeon <linkinjeon@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260807125845.1477067-3-thuth@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
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Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi says:
====================
Add resolve_btfids support for __arena kfunc suffix
Use __arena/__arena__nullable suffixes to emit address_space(1)
annotations on kfunc definitions in vmlinux.h. See commits for details.
Changelog:
----------
v1 -> v2
v1: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260809085155.3305519-1-memxor@gmail.com
* Avoid enumerating all the ways resolve_btfids can emit the
"address_space(1)" attribute in its header comment and in kfuncs.rst.
(Ihor)
* Drop the kfunc_has_arena_arg() helper: add_arena_tagged_proto()
returns the original prototype when nothing needs tagging, so it can
be invoked unconditionally for every kfunc. (Ihor)
* Add resolve_btfids selftest cases with mixed tagged and untagged
arguments, and a kfunc that combines the KF_ARENA_RET flag with
suffixed arena arguments. (Ihor)
====================
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260812193842.2879226-1-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
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Add a suffix-only kfunc declaration with arena annotations on all five
arguments. Verify that resolve_btfids emits address_space(1) type tags
for every position without KF_ARENA_ARG flags in the BTF ID sets.
Represent expected arena arguments as a per-parameter bitmap so the
test covers suffixes beyond the two positions expressible by flags.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260812193842.2879226-3-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
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Kfunc declarations can identify arena arguments through parameter name
suffixes without repeating KF_ARENA_ARG flags in their BTF ID sets.
resolve_btfids currently misses those arguments when synthesizing the
address_space(1) attributes used by generated vmlinux.h files.
Teach the arena prototype rewrite to recognize __arena and
__arena__nullable directly on each parameter. Keep KF_ARENA_ARG1 and
KF_ARENA_ARG2 handling for explicitly flagged kfuncs, while allowing
suffixes on any argument without synthesizing kfunc flags.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260812193842.2879226-2-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
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The existing comment for mdev_us says "medium deviation", but this
term is inaccurate. The field stores the "mean deviation" of RTT,
as originally defined in Van Jacobson's paper "Congestion
Avoidance and Control", and it is scaled by 4 (<< 2) in the Linux
implementation.
Update the comment to reflect the correct terminology and storage
format.
Signed-off-by: Ziran Zhang <zhangcoder@yeah.net>
Reviewed-by: Fernando Fernandez Mancera <fmancera@suse.de>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260805131927.27661-1-zhangcoder@yeah.net
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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Antonio Quartulli says:
====================
Included fixes:
* release key slot crypto transforms from a workqueue rather than an RCU
callback, because crypto_free_aead() may sleep with async or hardware
implementations
* run all deferred ovpn work on a module-owned workqueue and drain it on
module exit, so no work item can still be executing module text after
the module is unloaded
* finish crypto callback cleanup (key slot release and leftover skb)
before dropping the peer reference that gates netdev unregistration
and module removal
* avoid dereferencing a NULL key slot when userspace asks to kill a key
that is not installed on the peer
* tag 'ovpn-net-20260809' of https://github.com/OpenVPN/ovpn-net-next:
ovpn: defer key slot crypto freeing to workqueue
ovpn: run deferred work on a module-owned workqueue
ovpn: finish crypto callback cleanup before peer release
ovpn: fix NULL dereference when killing missing key
====================
Reviewed-by: Simon Horman <horms@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260809212142.2249027-1-antonio@openvpn.net
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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addip_last_asconf caches the outstanding outbound ASCONF chunk. The normal
ASCONF-ACK completion path releases the chunk and clears the pointer.
However, sctp_asconf_queue_teardown() releases the cached chunk without
clearing addip_last_asconf. During peer restart handling,
sctp_sf_do_dupcook_a() queues SCTP_CMD_PURGE_ASCONF_QUEUE, which invokes
sctp_asconf_queue_teardown() while the association remains alive and leaves
the pointer dangling.
A delayed authenticated ASCONF-ACK can then reach sctp_sf_do_asconf_ack(),
which accesses the stale chunk and passes it to sctp_process_asconf_ack(),
causing a use-after-free and a second release.
Clearing the pointer exposes a race with T4 expiry. Peer restart handling
queues the timer stop before the purge, but SCTP_CMD_TIMER_STOP uses
timer_delete(), which does not wait for a callback already running on
another CPU. Such a callback can reach sctp_sf_t4_timer_expire() after
the purge and dereference NULL.
Clear addip_last_asconf after releasing the cached chunk, and make
sctp_sf_t4_timer_expire() consume a stale T4 expiry if no outstanding
ASCONF remains.
Fixes: a000c01e60e4 ("sctp: stop pending timers and purge queues when peer restart asoc")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Suggested-by: Xin Long <lucien.xin@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Yuxiang Yang <yangyx22@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn>
Acked-by: Xin Long <lucien.xin@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260809043806.2768302-1-yangyx22@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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Hui Zhu says:
====================
bpf: Fix trampoline image UAF on multi detach failure
From: Hui Zhu <zhuhui@kylinos.cn>
This series fixes a UAF in bpf_trampoline_multi_attach_free() where
old_image is freed while ftrace still calls into it, and makes
bpf_trampoline_multi_detach() return void as suggested by Jiri Olsa.
Patch 1 fixes the UAF. Patch 2 is an independent cleanup that
changes the return type to void and drops the WARN_ON_ONCE at the
call site.
Changelog:
v5:
According to the comments of bot+bpf-ci, split the single patch into
two: the bug fix and the return-type cleanup.
v4:
According to the comments of bot+bpf-ci, add Fixes: and update comments
of bpf_trampoline_multi_attach_free.
v3:
According to the comments of Jiri Olsa, drop patches 2/3 and the
prog-side machinery.
keep only the simplified image-side fix in
bpf_trampoline_multi_attach_free() and make
bpf_trampoline_multi_detach() return void.
v2:
Folded v1's two detach patches into patch 1.
According to the comments of Jiri Olsa, Pin the prog (pinned_prog) on
cur_image so it stays alive while ftrace may still call into it.
Make bpf_trampoline_multi_detach() return void.
Fix the same UAF in standard (non-multi) trampolines.
According to the comments of sashiko, Fix the prog UAF in
bpf_trampoline_multi_attach() rollback.
Leak the trampoline in bpf_trampoline_put() when cur_image is left
by a rollback.
====================
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/cover.1786412280.git.zhuhui@kylinos.cn
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
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bpf_trampoline_multi_detach() always returns 0 and the sole caller
ignores the return value. Change it to return void and drop the
WARN_ON_ONCE at the call site.
Signed-off-by: Hui Zhu <zhuhui@kylinos.cn>
Acked-by: Leon Hwang <leon.hwang@linux.dev>
Acked-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/12beba657f5c9e86a016a097750209287a2f262a.1786412280.git.zhuhui@kylinos.cn
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
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When bpf_trampoline_update() fails before modify_fentry_multi()/
unregister_fentry_multi() is called, cur_image is unchanged
(cur_image == old_image) and ftrace still calls into it. Freeing
old_image in that case causes a UAF.
Only free old_image when it differs from cur_image.
Fixes: aef4dfa790b2 ("bpf: Add bpf_trampoline_multi_attach/detach functions")
Signed-off-by: Hui Zhu <zhuhui@kylinos.cn>
Acked-by: Leon Hwang <leon.hwang@linux.dev>
Acked-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/aaa3829e11e2e26bcd3bda9ee6df7a0101a718ac.1786412280.git.zhuhui@kylinos.cn
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
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In sur40_probe(), if video_register_device() fails, the error path jumps to
err_unreg_video. This incorrectly attempts to unregister a video device
that was never successfully registered, and fails to free the V4L2 control
handler (v4l2_ctrl_handler_free) that was initialized immediately prior.
Fix this by introducing an err_free_ctrl label to properly free the V4L2
control handler and bypass video_unregister_device() when video device
registration fails.
Reported-by: sashiko-bot@kernel.org
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Assisted-by: Antigravity:gemini-3.5-flash
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260616051235.1549517-2-dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
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In sur40_probe(), input_register_device() was previously called early before
the V4L2 video device and vb2_queue components were fully initialized. If
userspace opened the input device immediately upon registration, sur40_open()
would trigger and start the sur40_poll() worker thread. This worker thread
invokes sur40_process_video() and accesses the uninitialized vb2_queue
structure, leading to a data race and potential system crash.
Furthermore, if V4L2 or video registration failed after input_register_device()
succeeded, the error path fell through to calling input_free_device() on a
successfully registered device instead of input_unregister_device(), corrupting
input core state.
Move input_register_device() to the very end of sur40_probe(). This ensures
the V4L2 and video queue structures are fully initialized before polling can
start, and naturally resolves the error path bug since input_free_device()
is now only called when input registration has not yet occurred.
To maintain strict LIFO (Last-In, First-Out) teardown ordering, also move
input_unregister_device() to the very beginning of sur40_disconnect(). This
guarantees that the input polling worker thread is stopped before V4L2
video components or control handlers are unregistered.
Reported-by: sashiko-bot@kernel.org
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Assisted-by: Antigravity:gemini-3.5-flash
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260616051235.1549517-1-dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
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RTL_GIGA_MAC_VER_EXTENDED implicitly follows
RTL_GIGA_MAC_VER_LAST = RTL_GIGA_MAC_NONE - 1, so it has the same value
as RTL_GIGA_MAC_NONE.
rtl_init_one() therefore sends unknown chips through extended detection.
If TX_CONFIG_V2 reads as zero, they are misidentified as RTL9151AS
instead of being rejected.
Give RTL_GIGA_MAC_VER_EXTENDED a distinct value. It is only a detection
marker and is never stored in tp->mac_version.
Found by Clang's -Wduplicate-enum and verified with a QEMU stub.
Cc: stable+noautosel@kernel.org # untested fix to unlikely driver error path
Signed-off-by: Karl Mehltretter <kmehltretter@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260808101941.57666-1-kmehltretter@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi says:
====================
Improve stack depth verification stats output
Some improvements for more clarity in the stack depth verification
statistics output. See commit logs for details.
For example, ./test_progs -t subprogs/subprogs_alone loads prog4,
which has a main program, two static subprograms, and two independently
verified global subprograms. A sample run produces:
verification time 1765 usec
stack depth max 48
subprog 0 (prog4) main insns_self 29 insns_total 51 stack 8
subprog 1 (get_task_tgid) global insns_self 9 insns_total 9 stack 8
subprog 2 (sub4) static insns_self 15 insns_total 22 stack 8
subprog 3 (sub3) static insns_self 7 insns_total 7 stack 0
subprog 4 (sub1) global insns_self 10 insns_total 10 stack 8
processed 70 insns (limit 1000000) max_states_per_insn 0 total_states 7 peak_states 7 mark_read 0
The insns_self counts account for every processed instruction exactly once:
29 + 9 + 15 + 7 + 10 = 70
The main program and global subprograms are independent exploration roots,
so their insns_total counts also account for the full processed budget:
51 + 9 + 10 = 70
Static subprogram totals provide a nested, top-down breakdown inside their
root. In this example:
sub4: 22 = 15 self + 7 in sub3
prog4: 51 = 29 self + 22 in sub4
The global subprogram bodies are accounted in their own root totals rather
than being included in prog4 or the static callees which call them.
Asynchronous callbacks start from fresh frame-zero verifier states, but the
work remains part of the do_check_common() invocation for the main or global
verification root under which it was scheduled. Running:
./test_progs -t verifier_subprog_insn_stats/stats_async_nested -v
produces the following stats:
stack depth max 0
subprog 0 (stats_async_nested) main insns_self 9 insns_total 25 stack 0
subprog 1 (stats_async_nested_schedule) static insns_self 7 insns_total 7 stack 0
subprog 2 (stats_async_outer) static insns_self 7 insns_total 7 stack 0
subprog 3 (stats_async_nested_leaf) static insns_self 2 insns_total 2 stack 0
processed 25 insns
Here, 9 + 2 + 7 + 7 = 25. The main root total is the complete verifier
budget for its do_check_common() invocation, including both directly and
transitively scheduled asynchronous callbacks. Static subprogram and
callback totals remain local to their synchronous paths.
Changelog:
----------
v7 -> v8
v7: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260808062601.1070988-1-memxor@gmail.com
* Move the insns_total snapshot and delta for main and global roots into
do_check_common() and explain why the override is needed for async
subprograms. (Eduard)
* Avoid splitting __msg string literals in the stack-depth stats tests.
(Eduard)
* Add a comment explaining why both the new per-subprogram records and the
legacy one-line format are matched in veristat's parse_verif_log().
(Eduard)
v6 -> v7
v6: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260805011517.1717238-1-memxor@gmail.com
* Rename insns_own to insns_self throughout. (Andrii)
* Drop the async accounting call stack and attribute callback work to the
scheduling main or global verification root using its processed-insn
delta. (Eduard, Andrii)
* Skip missing frames when folding instruction totals after a partial
verifier state copy. (BPF CI Bot)
* Use explicit callback argument operands in deterministic instruction-count
tests and update tests and examples for root attribution. (BPF CI Bot)
v5 -> v6
v5: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260804081114.3871564-1-memxor@gmail.com
* Track self and inclusive instruction counts for main, global, and static
subprograms. (Andrii, Eduard)
* Keep instruction subtotals path-local across verifier state copies.
* Propagate async callback budget through nested scheduling chains. (Andrii)
* Split per-subprogram instruction accounting into a preparatory patch.
* Add deterministic selftests with exact self, total, and processed counts.
v4 -> v5
v4: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260803072733.191502-1-memxor@gmail.com
* Change the format to combine instruction counts and stack depths into
per-program records. (Andrii)
* Adjust veristat for the new format while retaining support for the legacy
format.
* Explain why the legacy stack parsing buffer is zero-initialized. (BPF CI
Bot)
v3 -> v4
v3: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260803031457.3115812-1-memxor@gmail.com
* Read names from subprog_info directly to avoid an out-of-bounds access
when func_info validation fails. (BPF CI Bot)
v2 -> v3
v2: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260802225209.2511758-1-memxor@gmail.com
* Reuse subprog_name() to fetch subprogram names. (BPF CI Bot)
v1 -> v2
v1: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20260801230400.850271-1-memxor@gmail.com
* Use multi-line format. (Eduard)
* Adjust veristat to work with old and new format.
* Adjust selftest log_level without new option. (Eduard)
====================
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260812221925.3358041-1-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
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Add small verifier programs with deterministic instruction streams to
exercise per-subprogram self and inclusive instruction accounting. Use
assembly for normal call chains and straight-line callback bodies containing
only moves, calls, and returns or exits, so control-flow pruning does not make
the expected counts unstable. Pass callback arguments as explicit assembly
operands so the compiler keeps their registers live across the asm block.
Cover asynchronous callback attribution separately: main verification-root
totals include all callback exploration, while static and callback totals
remain local to their synchronous paths.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260812221925.3358041-7-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
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Test the per-program insns_self, insns_total, and stack depth statistics
emitted when BTF function info does not provide subprogram names. Check that
the subprog 0 main record and static-subprogram records use <unknown>.
Make VERBOSE_ACCEPT request verifier statistics so the raw-insn test can
validate the output without a test-specific log level.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260812221925.3358041-6-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
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The verifier now reports instruction and stack depth statistics using
uniform "subprog <id> (<name>) <kind>" records. Subprogram 0 is classified
as main, while other records are global or static. Each record carries
insns_self, insns_total, and stack depth.
Teach veristat to parse the new records while retaining support for the
legacy one-line stack depth format used by older kernels. Skip both
instruction counts and match only through the stack value so fields can
still be appended without breaking parsing.
Increase the bounded backward scan so it can include all 256 per-subprogram
records.
Zero-initialize the legacy stack buffer because logs using the new format do
not populate it before the trailing tokenizer loop. This makes the loop see
an empty string instead of reading uninitialized data.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260812221925.3358041-5-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
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Stack depth statistics list captured depths in subprogram-number order,
while per-verification instruction counts are reported separately. Since
libbpf determines subprogram numbers, it is hard to associate either
statistic with its subprogram name or see where verifier work is spent.
Now that self and inclusive instruction counts are available for every
subprogram, keep the combined maximum stack depth on its own line and print
one uniform record for each subprogram. Represent the main program as
subprog 0, then classify each record as main, global, or static before
reporting insns_self, insns_total, and stack depth.
The aggregate processed count is the sum of all self counts, while each
total shows verifier work rooted at that subprogram.
When no subprogram name is available, print <unknown>. Keep the existing
aggregate "processed ... insns" record unchanged for compatibility.
Suggested-by: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260812221925.3358041-4-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
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Asynchronous callbacks are explored as fresh frame-zero verifier states,
so normal callee-to-caller accounting cannot propagate their instruction
budget to the main or global subprogram whose verification scheduled them.
The callback exploration still happens within the same do_check_common()
invocation as that independent verification root. Record
env->insn_processed at do_check_common() entry and override the root's
inclusive count with the delta before returning. This includes all directly
and transitively scheduled asynchronous callbacks in the root's total
without maintaining a separate accounting call stack.
Static subprogram and callback totals remain local to their synchronous call
paths. Their self counts continue to account for each processed instruction
exactly once.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260812221925.3358041-3-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
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The verifier currently records one instruction count for the main program
and each global subprogram checked independently. Static subprograms are
explored within callers, so their verification cost cannot be reported
separately.
Track both self and inclusive instruction counts for every subprogram.
Charge each processed instruction as self work to the current subprogram and
to a path-local subtotal in its function frame. When a function returns, add
the callee subtotal to its inclusive count and to its parent subtotal. Fold
any remaining frames when a path terminates or is pruned.
Instruction subtotals are accounting state, not semantic verifier state.
Clear them when a verifier state is copied so work before a path fork is
charged once, rather than again when a saved branch is explored. If copying
a saved state fails before all frames are allocated, skip missing frames
while folding the current path.
This generic frame accounting also records self and inclusive totals when an
asynchronous callback starts as a fresh frame-zero state. It does not yet
charge that independently explored callback path back to the main or global
exploration root which scheduled it. That will be done in subsequent
changes.
This does not change the verification statistics output format. It only
prepares the counters for per-subprogram reporting.
Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260812221925.3358041-2-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Eduard Zingerman <eddyz87@gmail.com>
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Sort the include statements before adding new ones in the next change.
Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Chen-Yu Tsai <wenst@chromium.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260811122011.3539250-3-wenst@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
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Reduce update time by optimizing the update sequence and removing
unnecessary delays.
Signed-off-by: jingle.wu@emc.com.tw
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/KL1PR01MB5116A253A126179473EDB7ACDCCA2@KL1PR01MB5116.apcprd01.prod.exchangelabs.com
Signed-off-by: Dmitry Torokhov <dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com>
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On the packet reception path, the ID of the MAC Port on which the packet
was received, is embedded in the RX DMA Descriptor's metadata. The ID is
extracted using the helper function cppi5_desc_get_tags_ids() which fills
in the 16-bit Source Tag into the 'port_id' variable. However, it is only
the lower 8-bits of the 16-bit Source Tag that represent the MAC Port ID,
while the upper 8-bits are Hardware-Reserved and carry an arbitrary value.
With the existing logic, sporadic kernel crash is observed due to the
subsequent driver code accessing out-of-bound memory because of an invalid
port_id.
Hence, fix the port_id extraction logic to use only the lower 8-bits of the
Source Tag as the MAC Port ID.
Fixes: 93a76530316a ("net: ethernet: ti: introduce am65x/j721e gigabit eth subsystem driver")
Signed-off-by: Siddharth Vadapalli <s-vadapalli@ti.com>
Reviewed-by: Chintan Vankar <c-vankar@ti.com>
Reviewed-by: Simon Horman <horms@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260807111738.2055900-1-s-vadapalli@ti.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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sctp_process_asconf_param() stores a newly added peer transport in
asoc->new_transport. After all parameters in the ASCONF chunk have been
processed, sctp_sf_do_asconf() uses this pointer to send a HEARTBEAT to the
new transport.
An authenticated ASCONF from a remote SCTP peer can add a transport and
remove it again with a wildcard DEL-IP parameter in the same chunk. The
wildcard deletion preserves the transport on which the ASCONF arrived, but
removes the newly added transport through
sctp_assoc_del_nonprimary_peers(). The removal does not clear
asoc->new_transport, leaving it pointing to the removed transport.
sctp_sf_do_asconf() then creates a HEARTBEAT whose chunk->transport points
to the removed transport without holding a transport reference. During
local address replacement, src_out_of_asoc_ok keeps this HEARTBEAT on
control_chunk_list. After the transport is freed by RCU, a successful
ASCONF_ACK for the replacement address releases the queued HEARTBEAT and
sctp_outq_select_transport() reads the freed transport's state.
The issue was found during a static audit of SCTP objects. With an
authenticated peer, the reproducer triggered the same KASAN report in 2
of 2 unpatched runs on a KASAN-enabled netdev/main kernel:
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in sctp_outq_select_transport
Read of size 4 at addr ffff88800b9bd95c by task python3/197
Call Trace:
sctp_outq_select_transport+0x549/0x8b0 [sctp]
sctp_outq_flush+0x306/0x2c60 [sctp]
sctp_transport_immediate_rtx+0xaf/0x260 [sctp]
sctp_process_asconf_ack+0xa48/0xf70 [sctp]
Allocated by task 197:
sctp_transport_new+0x68/0x650 [sctp]
sctp_assoc_add_peer+0x258/0x12a0 [sctp]
sctp_process_asconf+0x5e9/0x1090 [sctp]
Last potentially related work creation:
__call_rcu_common.constprop.0+0x77/0xb70
sctp_assoc_del_nonprimary_peers+0x7c/0xd0 [sctp]
sctp_process_asconf+0xd9c/0x1090 [sctp]
The first invalid access was a four-byte read of transport->state at
net/sctp/outqueue.c:833. The same reproducer completed the full
authenticated ASCONF and local-address replacement sequence with this
change without a KASAN report or oops.
Clear new_transport when its peer is removed, before it can be used to
create the HEARTBEAT.
Fixes: 6af29ccc223b ("sctp: Bundle HEAERTBEAT into ASCONF_ACK")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Qing Ming <a0yami@mailbox.org>
Acked-by: Xin Long <lucien.xin@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260811152803.5629-1-a0yami@mailbox.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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The blamed commit updated a tc replace command by adding a handle.
- tc(f"qdisc replace dev {ifname} root {qdisc} {optargs}")
+ tc(f"qdisc replace dev {ifname} root handle 1: {qdisc} {optargs}")
This breaks the test if the root qdisc already has that handle and is of
different kind, with
"Invalid qdisc name: must match existing qdisc."
If no handle is asked, or the kind differs, tc replace removes the old
qdisc and grafts a new one.
If a handle is asked and exists, tc replace tries to change the qdisc
in place, for which the kind must be the same.
It does not trigger in all setups, like netdevsim or debian 13, which
do not have root handle 1:. But it is a common root handle.
Solve the bug by first deleting the existing root qdisc if one exists.
Wrap that command in a try block, because it will fail for default
qdiscs with handle 0: with
"Error: Cannot delete qdisc with handle of zero."
Reported-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/20260810183118.32d5c06a@kernel.org/
Fixes: ef3d6cca02c8 ("selftests: drv-net: so_txtime: only send test traffic to sch_etf")
Signed-off-by: Willem de Bruijn <willemb@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260811182856.2702163-1-willemdebruijn.kernel@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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pptp_bind() publishes the socket by its local call ID before it is
connected, so GRE packets can reach pptp_rcv_core() while
PPPOX_CONNECTED is clear.
Such packets are queued on sk_receive_queue, but PPTP provides no recvmsg
operation and never drains the queue after connect. The packets therefore
remain there until socket destruction.
Drop such packets immediately instead. Since PPTP no longer queues packets
on sk_receive_queue, remove the corresponding destructor purge.
Signed-off-by: Qingfang Deng <qingfang.deng@linux.dev>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260811074948.345834-1-qingfang.deng@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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ppp_poll() checks whether pf->rq contains a packet without holding the
queue lock. skb_peek() requires appropriate locking or a private queue,
neither of which applies because ppp_input() can enqueue concurrently.
Only queue emptiness is needed, so use skb_queue_empty_lockless()
instead.
Cc: stable+noautosel@kernel.org # race annotation
Signed-off-by: Qingfang Deng <qingfang.deng@linux.dev>
Reviewed-by: Breno Leitao <leitao@debian.org.
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260811060236.322284-1-qingfang.deng@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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A dibs device interrupt handler can be active after dibs_dev_del() and
may still access dmb_clientid_arr. (UAF)
In case of a failure in dibs_dev_add() being called by dibs_lo_dev_probe()
dmb_clientid_arr is freed twice (double free).
Free dmb_clientid_arr in dibs_dev_release() after last reference is gone.
Note that allocating in dibs_dev_add() instead of dibs_dev_alloc() is ok
for now, because no dmbs can be registered before dibs_dev_add().
Fixes: cc21191b584c ("dibs: Move data path to dibs layer")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Co-developed-by: Hidayath Khan <hidayath@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Hidayath Khan <hidayath@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Alexandra Winter <wintera@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Dust Li <dust.li@linux.alibaba.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260810111432.2334900-1-wintera@linux.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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Add the new admin v2 format which is 128B in size and its header extends
the v1 header with checksum and payload version.
On admin SQ init check if the API version reported by the device
supports the admin v2 SQ entry and if so use it. Store the payload
offset and max size in the SQ for quick access in admin command
execution flow.
Using the admin SQ v2 entry implicitly enable the checksum in its
header so set it for device to validate against.
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/r/20260812121718.2904349-4-ynachum@amazon.com
Reviewed-by: Michael Margolin <mrgolin@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: Tom Sela <tomsela@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Yonatan Nachum <ynachum@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
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As preparation for admin v2 entry size which is 128B, generalize the SQ
ring to use a generic buffer and use the right offset into it using the
configured entry size. This will allow us to choose different entry size
on SQ init with minimal changes.
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/r/20260812121718.2904349-3-ynachum@amazon.com
Reviewed-by: Michael Margolin <mrgolin@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Yonatan Nachum <ynachum@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
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Remove aq_common_desc from all EFA admin command descriptors so that
command structs represent pure payloads. This allows attaching different
headers to the same command by copying the payload into the generic
header payload field. The admin header is now constructed in a single
place which improves separability.
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/r/20260812121718.2904349-2-ynachum@amazon.com
Reviewed-by: Daniel Kranzdorf <dkkranzd@amazon.com>
Reviewed-by: Michael Margolin <mrgolin@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Yonatan Nachum <ynachum@amazon.com>
Signed-off-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
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The current MSI-X restoration path assumes the Command register Memory bit
is enabled when writing MSI-X messages. But it's possible the last saved
and restored state of a device may not have the Memory bit enabled, even if
a device driver later enables Memory bit and MSI-X. Attempting to access
Memory space without Memory bit enabled can lead to Unsupported Request
(UR) from the device. Fix this by enabling Memory bit and restore it
afterwards.
Fixes: 41017f0cac92 ("[PATCH] PCI: MSI(X) save/restore for suspend/resume")
Signed-off-by: Farhan Ali <alifm@linux.ibm.com>
[bhelgaas: comment]
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Niklas Schnelle <schnelle@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260805165518.794-6-alifm@linux.ibm.com
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If a device is in an error state, its config space may not be accssible.
Add additional check to validate if a device's config space is accessible
before doing an FLR reset.
Signed-off-by: Farhan Ali <alifm@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Block <bblock@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Niklas Schnelle <schnelle@linux.ibm.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260805165518.794-5-alifm@linux.ibm.com
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The current reset process saves the device's config space state before
reset and restores it afterward. However errors may occur unexpectedly and
it may then be impossible to save config space because the device may be
inaccessible (e.g. DPC). This results in saving invalid values that get
written back to the device during state restoration.
With a reset we want to recover/restore the device into a functional state.
So avoid saving the state of the config space when the device config space
is inaccessible.
Signed-off-by: Farhan Ali <alifm@linux.ibm.com>
[bhelgaas: comment]
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Niklas Schnelle <schnelle@linux.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260805165518.794-4-alifm@linux.ibm.com
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On s390 systems, which use a machine level hypervisor, PCI devices are
always accessed through a form of PCI pass-through which fundamentally
operates on a per PCI function granularity. This is also reflected in the
s390 PCI hotplug driver which creates hotplug slots for individual PCI
functions. Its reset_slot() function, which is a wrapper for
zpci_hot_reset_device(), thus also resets individual functions.
Currently, the pci_create_slot() assigns the same pci_slot object to
multifunction devices. This approach worked fine on s390 systems that only
exposed virtual functions as individual PCI domains to the operating
system. Since commit 44510d6fa0c0 ("s390/pci: Handling multifunctions")
s390 supports exposing the topology of multifunction PCI devices by
grouping them in a shared PCI domain. This creates a problem when resetting
a function through the hotplug driver's slot_reset() interface.
When attempting to reset a function through the hotplug driver, the shared
slot assignment causes the wrong function to be reset instead of the
intended one. It also leaks memory as we do create a pci_slot object for
the function, but don't correctly free it in pci_slot_release().
Add a flag for struct pci_slot to allow per function PCI slots for
functions managed through a hypervisor, which exposes individual PCI
functions while retaining the topology. Since we can use all 8 bits for
slot 'number' (for ARI devices), change slot 'number' u16 to account for
special values PCI_SLOT_PLACEHOLDER and PCI_SLOT_ALL_DEVICES.
Fixes: 44510d6fa0c0 ("s390/pci: Handling multifunctions")
Suggested-by: Niklas Schnelle <schnelle@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Farhan Ali <alifm@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Niklas Schnelle <schnelle@linux.ibm.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260805165518.794-3-alifm@linux.ibm.com
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