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2025-11-27ASoC: Intel: catpt: Switch to resource_xxx() APICezary Rojewski
There is a number of interfaces available for manipulating instances of struct resource. To improve readability, move away from manual editing in favor of the common interface. While at it, adjust spacing so that both code blocks, while found in separate functions, looks cohesive. Suggested-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: Cezary Rojewski <cezary.rojewski@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251126095523.3925364-3-cezary.rojewski@intel.com Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
2025-11-27ASoC: Intel: catpt: Fix offset checksCezary Rojewski
Verify if the entire block is found within DRAM, not just the start of it. Signed-off-by: Cezary Rojewski <cezary.rojewski@intel.com> Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251126095523.3925364-2-cezary.rojewski@intel.com Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
2025-11-27spi: nxp-fspi: Propagate fwnode in ACPI case as wellAndy Shevchenko
Propagate fwnode of the ACPI device to the SPI controller Linux device. Currently only OF case propagates fwnode to the controller. While at it, replace several calls to dev_fwnode() with a single one cached in a local variable, and unify checks for fwnode type by using is_*_node() APIs. Fixes: 55ab8487e01d ("spi: spi-nxp-fspi: Add ACPI support") Signed-off-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com> Reviewed-by: Haibo Chen <haibo.chen@nxp.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251126202501.2319679-1-andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
2025-11-27regulator: rtq2208: Correct LDO2 logic judgment bitsChiYuan Huang
The LDO2 judgement bit position should be 7, not 6. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Reported-by: Yoon Dong Min <dm.youn@telechips.com> Fixes: b65439d90150 ("regulator: rtq2208: Fix the LDO DVS capability") Signed-off-by: ChiYuan Huang <cy_huang@richtek.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/faadb009f84b88bfcabe39fc5009c7357b00bbe2.1764209258.git.cy_huang@richtek.com Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
2025-11-27regulator: rtq2208: Correct buck group2 phase mapping logicChiYuan Huang
Correct buck group2 H and F mapping logic. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Reported-by: Yoon Dong Min <dm.youn@telechips.com> Fixes: 1742e7e978ba ("regulator: rtq2208: Fix incorrect buck converter phase mapping") Signed-off-by: ChiYuan Huang <cy_huang@richtek.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/8527ae02a72b754d89b7580a5fe7474d6f80f5c3.1764209258.git.cy_huang@richtek.com Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
2025-11-27configfs: Constify ct_item_ops in struct config_item_typeChristophe JAILLET
Make 'ct_item_ops' const in struct config_item_type. This allows constification of many structures which hold some function pointers. Signed-off-by: Christophe JAILLET <christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr> Reviewed-by: Breno Leitao <leitao@debian.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/f43cb57418a7f59e883be8eedc7d6abe802a2094.1761390472.git.christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr Signed-off-by: Andreas Hindborg <a.hindborg@kernel.org>
2025-11-27configfs: Constify ct_group_ops in struct config_item_typeChristophe JAILLET
Make 'ct_group_ops' const in struct config_item_type. This allows constification of many structures which hold some function pointers. Signed-off-by: Christophe JAILLET <christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr> Reviewed-by: Breno Leitao <leitao@debian.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/6b720cf407e8a6d30f35beb72e031b2553d1ab7e.1761390472.git.christophe.jaillet@wanadoo.fr Signed-off-by: Andreas Hindborg <a.hindborg@kernel.org>
2025-11-27Merge branch 'net-fec-fix-some-ptp-related-issues'Paolo Abeni
Wei Fang says: ==================== net: fec: fix some PTP related issues There are some issues which were introduced by the commit 350749b909bf ("net: fec: Add support for periodic output signal of PPS"). See each patch for more details. ==================== Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251125085210.1094306-1-wei.fang@nxp.com Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
2025-11-27net: fec: do not register PPS event for PEROUTWei Fang
There are currently two situations that can trigger the PTP interrupt, one is the PPS event, the other is the PEROUT event. However, the irq handler fec_pps_interrupt() does not check the irq event type and directly registers a PPS event into the system, but the event may be a PEROUT event. This is incorrect because PEROUT is an output signal, while PPS is the input of the kernel PPS system. Therefore, add a check for the event type, if pps_enable is true, it means that the current event is a PPS event, and then the PPS event is registered. Fixes: 350749b909bf ("net: fec: Add support for periodic output signal of PPS") Signed-off-by: Wei Fang <wei.fang@nxp.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251125085210.1094306-5-wei.fang@nxp.com Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
2025-11-27net: fec: do not allow enabling PPS and PEROUT simultaneouslyWei Fang
In the current driver, PPS and PEROUT use the same channel to generate the events, so they cannot be enabled at the same time. Otherwise, the later configuration will overwrite the earlier configuration. Therefore, when configuring PPS, the driver will check whether PEROUT is enabled. Similarly, when configuring PEROUT, the driver will check whether PPS is enabled. Fixes: 350749b909bf ("net: fec: Add support for periodic output signal of PPS") Signed-off-by: Wei Fang <wei.fang@nxp.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251125085210.1094306-4-wei.fang@nxp.com Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
2025-11-27net: fec: do not update PEROUT if it is enabledWei Fang
If the previously set PEROUT is already active, updating it will cause the new PEROUT to start immediately instead of at the specified time. This is because fep->reload_period is updated whithout check whether the PEROUT is enabled, and the old PEROUT is not disabled. Therefore, the pulse period will be updated immediately in the pulse interrupt handler fec_pps_interrupt(). Currently, the driver does not support directly updating PEROUT and it will make the logic be more complicated. To fix the current issue, add a check before enabling the PEROUT, the driver will return an error if PEROUT is enabled. If users wants to update a new PEROUT, they should disable the old PEROUT first. Fixes: 350749b909bf ("net: fec: Add support for periodic output signal of PPS") Signed-off-by: Wei Fang <wei.fang@nxp.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251125085210.1094306-3-wei.fang@nxp.com Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
2025-11-27net: fec: cancel perout_timer when PEROUT is disabledWei Fang
The PEROUT allows the user to set a specified future time to output the periodic signal. If the future time is far from the current time, the FEC driver will use hrtimer to configure PEROUT one second before the future time. However, the hrtimer will not be canceled if the PEROUT is disabled before the hrtimer expires. So the PEROUT will be configured when the hrtimer expires, which is not as expected. Therefore, cancel the hrtimer in fec_ptp_pps_disable() to fix this issue. Fixes: 350749b909bf ("net: fec: Add support for periodic output signal of PPS") Signed-off-by: Wei Fang <wei.fang@nxp.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251125085210.1094306-2-wei.fang@nxp.com Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
2025-11-27net: mctp: unconditionally set skb->dev on dst outputJeremy Kerr
On transmit, we are currently relying on skb->dev being set by mctp_local_output() when we first set up the skb destination fields. However, forwarded skbs do not use the local_output path, so will retain their incoming netdev as their ->dev on tx. This does not work when we're forwarding between interfaces. Set skb->dev unconditionally in the transmit path, to allow for proper forwarding. We keep the skb->dev initialisation in mctp_local_output(), as we use it for fragmentation. Fixes: 269936db5eb3 ("net: mctp: separate routing database from routing operations") Suggested-by: Vince Chang <vince_chang@aspeedtech.com> Signed-off-by: Jeremy Kerr <jk@codeconstruct.com.au> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251125-dev-forward-v1-1-54ecffcd0616@codeconstruct.com.au Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
2025-11-27RDMA/siw: reclassify sockets in order to avoid false positives from lockdepStefan Metzmacher
While developing IPPROTO_SMBDIRECT support for the code under fs/smb/common/smbdirect [1], I noticed false positives like this: [T79] ====================================================== [T79] WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected [T79] 6.18.0-rc4-metze-kasan-lockdep.01+ #1 Tainted: G OE [T79] ------------------------------------------------------ [T79] kworker/2:0/79 is trying to acquire lock: [T79] ffff88801f968278 (sk_lock-AF_INET){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: sock_set_reuseaddr+0x14/0x70 [T79] but task is already holding lock: [T79] ffffffffc10f7230 (lock#9){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: rdma_listen+0x3d2/0x740 [rdma_cm] [T79] which lock already depends on the new lock. [T79] the existing dependency chain (in reverse order) is: [T79] -> #1 (lock#9){+.+.}-{4:4}: [T79] __lock_acquire+0x535/0xc30 [T79] lock_acquire.part.0+0xb3/0x240 [T79] lock_acquire+0x60/0x140 [T79] __mutex_lock+0x1af/0x1c10 [T79] mutex_lock_nested+0x1b/0x30 [T79] cma_get_port+0xba/0x7d0 [rdma_cm] [T79] rdma_bind_addr_dst+0x598/0x9a0 [rdma_cm] [T79] cma_bind_addr+0x107/0x320 [rdma_cm] [T79] rdma_resolve_addr+0xa3/0x830 [rdma_cm] [T79] destroy_lease_table+0x12b/0x420 [ksmbd] [T79] ksmbd_NTtimeToUnix+0x3e/0x80 [ksmbd] [T79] ndr_encode_posix_acl+0x6e9/0xab0 [ksmbd] [T79] ndr_encode_v4_ntacl+0x53/0x870 [ksmbd] [T79] __sys_connect_file+0x131/0x1c0 [T79] __sys_connect+0x111/0x140 [T79] __x64_sys_connect+0x72/0xc0 [T79] x64_sys_call+0xe7d/0x26a0 [T79] do_syscall_64+0x93/0xff0 [T79] entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e [T79] -> #0 (sk_lock-AF_INET){+.+.}-{0:0}: [T79] check_prev_add+0xf3/0xcd0 [T79] validate_chain+0x466/0x590 [T79] __lock_acquire+0x535/0xc30 [T79] lock_acquire.part.0+0xb3/0x240 [T79] lock_acquire+0x60/0x140 [T79] lock_sock_nested+0x3b/0xf0 [T79] sock_set_reuseaddr+0x14/0x70 [T79] siw_create_listen+0x145/0x1540 [siw] [T79] iw_cm_listen+0x313/0x5b0 [iw_cm] [T79] cma_iw_listen+0x271/0x3c0 [rdma_cm] [T79] rdma_listen+0x3b1/0x740 [rdma_cm] [T79] cma_listen_on_dev+0x46a/0x750 [rdma_cm] [T79] rdma_listen+0x4b0/0x740 [rdma_cm] [T79] ksmbd_rdma_init+0x12b/0x270 [ksmbd] [T79] ksmbd_conn_transport_init+0x26/0x70 [ksmbd] [T79] server_ctrl_handle_work+0x1e5/0x280 [ksmbd] [T79] process_one_work+0x86c/0x1930 [T79] worker_thread+0x6f0/0x11f0 [T79] kthread+0x3ec/0x8b0 [T79] ret_from_fork+0x314/0x400 [T79] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 [T79] other info that might help us debug this: [T79] Possible unsafe locking scenario: [T79] CPU0 CPU1 [T79] ---- ---- [T79] lock(lock#9); [T79] lock(sk_lock-AF_INET); [T79] lock(lock#9); [T79] lock(sk_lock-AF_INET); [T79] *** DEADLOCK *** [T79] 5 locks held by kworker/2:0/79: [T79] #0: ffff88800120b158 ((wq_completion)events_long){+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0xfca/0x1930 [T79] #1: ffffc9000474fd00 ((work_completion)(&ctrl->ctrl_work)) {+.+.}-{0:0}, at: process_one_work+0x804/0x1930 [T79] #2: ffffffffc11307d0 (ctrl_lock){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: server_ctrl_handle_work+0x21/0x280 [ksmbd] [T79] #3: ffffffffc11347b0 (init_lock){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: ksmbd_conn_transport_init+0x18/0x70 [ksmbd] [T79] #4: ffffffffc10f7230 (lock#9){+.+.}-{4:4}, at: rdma_listen+0x3d2/0x740 [rdma_cm] [T79] stack backtrace: [T79] CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 79 Comm: kworker/2:0 Kdump: loaded Tainted: G OE 6.18.0-rc4-metze-kasan-lockdep.01+ #1 PREEMPT(voluntary) [T79] Tainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE, [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE [T79] Hardware name: innotek GmbH VirtualBox/VirtualBox, BIOS VirtualBox 12/01/2006 [T79] Workqueue: events_long server_ctrl_handle_work [ksmbd] ... [T79] print_circular_bug+0xfd/0x130 [T79] check_noncircular+0x150/0x170 [T79] check_prev_add+0xf3/0xcd0 [T79] validate_chain+0x466/0x590 [T79] __lock_acquire+0x535/0xc30 [T79] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [T79] lock_acquire.part.0+0xb3/0x240 [T79] ? sock_set_reuseaddr+0x14/0x70 [T79] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [T79] ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x30 [T79] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [T79] ? apparmor_socket_post_create+0x180/0x700 [T79] lock_acquire+0x60/0x140 [T79] ? sock_set_reuseaddr+0x14/0x70 [T79] lock_sock_nested+0x3b/0xf0 [T79] ? sock_set_reuseaddr+0x14/0x70 [T79] sock_set_reuseaddr+0x14/0x70 [T79] siw_create_listen+0x145/0x1540 [siw] [T79] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [T79] ? local_clock_noinstr+0xe/0xd0 [T79] ? __pfx_siw_create_listen+0x10/0x10 [siw] [T79] ? trace_preempt_on+0x4c/0x130 [T79] ? __raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore+0x4a/0x90 [T79] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [T79] ? preempt_count_sub+0x52/0x80 [T79] iw_cm_listen+0x313/0x5b0 [iw_cm] [T79] cma_iw_listen+0x271/0x3c0 [rdma_cm] [T79] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [T79] rdma_listen+0x3b1/0x740 [rdma_cm] [T79] ? _raw_spin_unlock+0x2c/0x60 [T79] ? __pfx_rdma_listen+0x10/0x10 [rdma_cm] [T79] ? rdma_restrack_add+0x12c/0x630 [ib_core] [T79] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [T79] cma_listen_on_dev+0x46a/0x750 [rdma_cm] [T79] rdma_listen+0x4b0/0x740 [rdma_cm] [T79] ? __pfx_rdma_listen+0x10/0x10 [rdma_cm] [T79] ? cma_get_port+0x30d/0x7d0 [rdma_cm] [T79] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [T79] ? rdma_bind_addr_dst+0x598/0x9a0 [rdma_cm] [T79] ksmbd_rdma_init+0x12b/0x270 [ksmbd] [T79] ? __pfx_ksmbd_rdma_init+0x10/0x10 [ksmbd] [T79] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [T79] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [T79] ? register_netdevice_notifier+0x1dc/0x240 [T79] ksmbd_conn_transport_init+0x26/0x70 [ksmbd] [T79] server_ctrl_handle_work+0x1e5/0x280 [ksmbd] [T79] process_one_work+0x86c/0x1930 [T79] ? __pfx_process_one_work+0x10/0x10 [T79] ? srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 [T79] ? assign_work+0x16f/0x280 [T79] worker_thread+0x6f0/0x11f0 I was not able to reproduce this as I was testing with various runs switching siw and rxe as well as IPPROTO_SMBDIRECT sockets, while the above stack used siw with the non IPPROTO_SMBDIRECT patches [1]. Even if this patch doesn't solve the above I think it's a good idea to reclassify the sockets used by siw, I also send patches for rxe to reclassify, as well as my IPPROTO_SMBDIRECT socket patches [1] will do it, this should minimize potential false positives. [1] https://git.samba.org/?p=metze/linux/wip.git;a=shortlog;h=refs/heads/master-ipproto-smbdirect Cc: Bernard Metzler <bernard.metzler@linux.dev> Cc: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@ziepe.ca> Cc: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org> Cc: linux-rdma@vger.kernel.org Cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org Cc: linux-cifs@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Stefan Metzmacher <metze@samba.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251126150842.1837072-1-metze@samba.org Acked-by: Bernard Metzler <bernard.metzler@linux.dev> Signed-off-by: Leon Romanovsky <leon@kernel.org>
2025-11-27platform/x86: serial-multi-instantiate: Add IRQ_RESOURCE_OPT for IRQ missing ↵Baojun Xu
projects The tas2781-hda supports multi-projects. In some projects, GpioInt() was dropped due to no IRQ connection. See the example code below: Device (SPKR) { Name (_ADR, One) Name (_HID, "TXNW2781") Method (_CRS, 0, NotSerialized) { Name (RBUF, ResourceTemplate () { I2cSerialBusV2 (0x0038, ...) I2cSerialBusV2 (0x0039, ...) // GpioInt (Edge, ...) { 0x0000 } //"GpioInt (...) {}" was commented out due to no IRQ connection. }) Return (RBUF) } } But in smi_i2c_probe(), smi_spi_probe() (serial-multi-instantiate.c), if looking for IRQ by smi_get_irq() fails, it will return an error, will not add new device, and cause smi_probe() to fail: [ 2.356546] Serial bus multi instantiate pseudo device driver TXNW2781:00: error -ENXIO: IRQ index 0 not found [ 2.356561] Serial bus multi instantiate pseudo device driver TXNW2781:00: error -ENXIO: Error requesting irq at index 0 So, we need to add an exception case for these situations. BTW, this patch will take effect on both I2C and SPI devices. Signed-off-by: Baojun Xu <baojun.xu@ti.com> Reviewed-by: Hans de Goede <johannes.goede@oss.qualcomm.com> Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251126141434.11110-1-baojun.xu@ti.com Reviewed-by: Ilpo Järvinen <ilpo.jarvinen@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: Ilpo Järvinen <ilpo.jarvinen@linux.intel.com>
2025-11-27debugfs: Remove broken no-mount modeAaron Thompson
debugfs access modes were added in Linux 5.10 (Dec 2020) [1], but the no-mount mode has behaved effectively the same as the off mode since Linux 5.12 (Apr 2021) [2]. The only difference is the specific error code returned by the debugfs_create_* functions, which is -ENOENT in no-mount mode and -EPERM in off mode. Given that no-mount hasn't worked for several years with no complaints, just remove it. [1] a24c6f7bc923 ("debugfs: Add access restriction option") [2] bc6de804d36b ("debugfs: be more robust at handling improper input in debugfs_lookup()") 56348560d495 ("debugfs: do not attempt to create a new file before the filesystem is initalized") Signed-off-by: Aaron Thompson <dev@aaront.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251120102222.18371-3-dev@null.aaront.org Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2025-11-27debugfs: Remove redundant access mode checksAaron Thompson
debugfs_get_tree() can only be called if debugfs itself calls simple_pin_fs() or register_filesystem(), and those call paths also check the access mode. debugfs_start_creating() checks the access mode so the checks in the debugfs_create_* functions are unnecessary. An upcoming change will affect debugfs_allow, so doing this cleanup first will make that change simpler. Signed-off-by: Aaron Thompson <dev@aaront.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251120102222.18371-2-dev@null.aaront.org Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2025-11-27Merge branch 'net-phy-add-support-for-fbnic-phy-w-25g-50g-and-100g-support'Paolo Abeni
Alexander Duyck says: ==================== net: phy: Add support for fbnic PHY w/ 25G, 50G, and 100G support To transition the fbnic driver to using the XPCS driver we need to address the fact that we need a representation for the FW managed PMD that is actually a SerDes PHY to handle link bouncing during link training. This patch set introduces the necessary bits to the XPCS driver code to enable it to read 25G, 50G, and 100G speeds from the PCS ctrl1 register, and adds support for the approriate interfaces. The rest of this patch set enables the changes to fbnic to make use of these interfaces and expose a PMD that can provide a necessary link delay to avoid link flapping in the event that a cable is disconnected and reconnected, and to correctly expose the count for the link down events. With this we have the basic groundwork laid as with this all the bits and pieces are in place in terms of reading the configuration. The general plan for follow-on patch sets is to start looking at enabling changing the configuration in environments where that is supported. ==================== Link: https://patch.msgid.link/176374310349.959489.838154632023183753.stgit@ahduyck-xeon-server.home.arpa Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
2025-11-27fbnic: Replace use of internal PCS w/ Designware XPCSAlexander Duyck
As we have exposed the PCS registers via the SWMII we can now start looking at connecting the XPCS driver to those registers and let it mange the PCS instead of us doing it directly from the fbnic driver. For now this just gets us the ability to detect link. The hope is in the future to add some of the vendor specific registers to begin enabling XPCS configuration of the interface. Signed-off-by: Alexander Duyck <alexanderduyck@fb.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/176374325295.959489.14521115864034905277.stgit@ahduyck-xeon-server.home.arpa Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
2025-11-27fbnic: Add SW shim for MDIO interface to PMD and PCSAlexander Duyck
In order for us to support a PCS device we need to add an MDIO bus to allow the drivers to have access to the registers for the device. This change adds such an interface. The interface will consist of 2 PHY addrs, the first one consisting of a PMD and PCS, and the second just being a PCS. There is a need for 2 PHYs addrs due to the fact that in order to support the 50GBase-CR2 mode we will need to access and configure the PCS vendor registers and RSFEC registers from the second lane identical to the first. Signed-off-by: Alexander Duyck <alexanderduyck@fb.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/176374324532.959489.15389723111560978054.stgit@ahduyck-xeon-server.home.arpa Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
2025-11-27fbnic: Add handler for reporting link down event statisticsAlexander Duyck
We were previously not displaying the number of link_down_events tracked by the device. With this change we should now be able to display the value. The value itself tracks the calls from the phylink interface to the mac_link_down call. Signed-off-by: Alexander Duyck <alexanderduyck@fb.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/176374323824.959489.6915296616773178954.stgit@ahduyck-xeon-server.home.arpa Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
2025-11-27fbnic: Add logic to track PMD state via MAC/PCS signalsAlexander Duyck
One complication with the design of our part is that the PMD doesn't provide a direct signal to the host. Instead we have visibility to signals that the PCS provides to the MAC that allow us to check the link state through that. We will need to account for several things in the PMD and firmware when managing the link. Specifically when the link first starts to come up the PMD will cause the link to flap. This is due to the firmware starting a training cycle when the link is first detected. This will cause link flapping if we were to immediately report link up when the PCS first detects it. To address that we are adding a pmd_state variable that is meant to be a countdown of sorts indicating the state of the PMD. If the link is down or has been reconfigured the PMD will start out in the initialize state. By default the link is assumed to be in the SEND_DATA state if it is available on initial link inspection. If link is detected while in the initialize state the PMD state will switch to training, and if after 4 seconds the link is still stable we will transition to link_ready, and finally the send_data state. With this we can avoid link flapping when a cable is first connected to the NIC. One side effect of this is that we need to pull the link state away from the PCS. For now we use a union of the PCS link state register value and the pmd_state. The plan is to add a PMD register to report the pmd_state to the phylink interface. With that we can then look at switching over to the use of the XPCS driver for fbnic instead of having an internal one. Signed-off-by: Alexander Duyck <alexanderduyck@fb.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/176374323107.959489.14951134213387615059.stgit@ahduyck-xeon-server.home.arpa Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
2025-11-27fbnic: Rename PCS IRQ to MAC IRQ as it is actually a MAC interruptAlexander Duyck
Throughout several spots in the code I had called out the IRQ as being related to the PCS. However the actual IRQ is a part of the MAC and it is just exposing PCS data. To more accurately reflect the owner of the calls this change makes it so that we rename the functions and values that are taking in the interrupt value and processing it to reflect that it is a MAC call and not a PCS one. This change is mostly motivated by the fact that we will be moving the handling of this interrupt from being PCS focused to being more PMA/PMD focused as this will drive the phydev driver that I am adding instead of driving the PCS directly. Signed-off-by: Alexander Duyck <alexanderduyck@fb.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/176374322373.959489.12018231545479053860.stgit@ahduyck-xeon-server.home.arpa Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
2025-11-27net: pcs: xpcs: Add support for FBNIC 25G, 50G, 100G PMDAlexander Duyck
The fbnic driver is planning to make use of the XPCS driver to enable support for PCS and better integration with phylink. To do this though we will need to enable several workarounds since the PMD interface for fbnic is likely to be unique since it is a mix of two different vendor products with a unique wrapper around the IP. I have generated a PHY identifier based on IEEE 802.3-2022 22.2.4.3.1 using an OUI belonging to Meta Platforms and used with our NICs. Using this we will provide it as the PMD ID via the SW based MDIO interface so that the fbnic device can be identified and necessary workarounds enabled in the XPCS driver. As an initial workaround this change adds an exception so that soft_reset is not set when the driver is initially bound to the PCS. In addition I have added logic to integrate the PMD Rx signal detect state into the link state for the PCS. With this we can avoid the link coming up too soon on the FBNIC PMD and as a result of it being in the training state so we can avoid link flaps. Signed-off-by: Alexander Duyck <alexanderduyck@fb.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/176374321695.959489.6648161125012056619.stgit@ahduyck-xeon-server.home.arpa Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
2025-11-27net: pcs: xpcs: Fix PMA identifier handling in XPCSAlexander Duyck
The XPCS driver was mangling the PMA identifier as the original code appears to have been focused on just capturing the OUI. Rather than store a mangled ID it is better to work with the actual PMA ID and instead just mask out the values that don't apply rather than shifting them and reordering them as you still don't get the original OUI for the NIC without having to bitswap the values as per the definition of the layout in IEEE 802.3-2022 22.2.4.3.1. By laying it out as it was in the hardware it is also less likely for us to have an unintentional collision as the enum values will occupy the revision number area while the OUI occupies the upper 22 bits. Signed-off-by: Alexander Duyck <alexanderduyck@fb.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/176374320920.959489.17267159479370601070.stgit@ahduyck-xeon-server.home.arpa Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
2025-11-27net: pcs: xpcs: Add support for 25G, 50G, and 100G interfacesAlexander Duyck
With this change we are adding support for 25G, 50G, and 100G interface types to the XPCS driver. This had supposedly been enabled with the addition of XLGMII but I don't see any capability for configuration there so I suspect it may need to be refactored in the future. With this change we can enable the XPCS driver with the selected interface and it should be able to detect link, speed, and report the link status to the phylink interface. Signed-off-by: Alexander Duyck <alexanderduyck@fb.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/176374320248.959489.11649590675011158859.stgit@ahduyck-xeon-server.home.arpa Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
2025-11-27net: phy: Add MDIO_PMA_CTRL1_SPEED for 2.5G and 5G to reflect PMA valuesAlexander Duyck
The 2.5G and 5G values are not consistent between the PCS CTRL1 and PMA CTRL1 values. In order to avoid confusion between the two I am updating the values to include "PMA" in the name similar to values used in similar places. To avoid breaking UAPI I have retained the original macros and just defined them as the new PMA based defines. Signed-off-by: Alexander Duyck <alexanderduyck@fb.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/176374319569.959489.6610469879021800710.stgit@ahduyck-xeon-server.home.arpa Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
2025-11-27platform/x86/amd/pmf: Refactor repetitive BIOS output handlingShyam Sundar S K
Replace repetitive switch-case statements for PMF_POLICY_BIOS_OUTPUT_* with a helper function and consolidated case handling. This reduces code duplication and improves maintainability. The 10 BIOS output policies (PMF_POLICY_BIOS_OUTPUT_1 through PMF_POLICY_BIOS_OUTPUT_10) previously each had individual case statements with identical logic. This patch introduces amd_pmf_get_bios_output_idx() to map policy values to array indices, consolidating the handling into a single case block with fallthrough. Also, add a new function amd_pmf_update_bios_output() to simplify the code handling. This approach handles non-sequential policy enum values gracefully and makes future additions easier to implement. No functional changes. Signed-off-by: Shyam Sundar S K <Shyam-sundar.S-k@amd.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251127091038.2088387-1-Shyam-sundar.S-k@amd.com Reviewed-by: Ilpo Järvinen <ilpo.jarvinen@linux.intel.com> Signed-off-by: Ilpo Järvinen <ilpo.jarvinen@linux.intel.com>
2025-11-27usb: gadget: tegra-xudc: Always reinitialize data toggle when clear haltHaotien Hsu
The driver previously skipped handling ClearFeature(ENDPOINT_HALT) when the endpoint was already not halted. This prevented the controller from resetting the data sequence number and reinitializing the endpoint state. According to USB 3.2 specification Rev. 1.1, section 9.4.5, ClearFeature(ENDPOINT_HALT) must always reset the data sequence and set the stream state machine to Disabled, regardless of whether the endpoint was halted. Remove the early return so that ClearFeature(ENDPOINT_HALT) always resets the endpoint sequence state as required by the specification. Fixes: 49db427232fe ("usb: gadget: Add UDC driver for tegra XUSB device mode controller") Cc: stable <stable@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Haotien Hsu <haotienh@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Wayne Chang <waynec@nvidia.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251127033540.2287517-1-waynec@nvidia.com Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2025-11-27Merge tag 'usb-serial-6.19-rc1' of ↵Greg Kroah-Hartman
ssh://gitolite.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/johan/usb-serial into usb-next Johan writes: USB serial updates for 6.19-rc1 Here are the USB serial updates for 6.19-rc1: - fix belkin_sa and kobil_sct TIOCMBIS and TIOCMBIC ioctls - match on interface number for dual-port ftdi devices with reserved jtag port - do not log reserved ftdi jtag ports on probe - apply ftdi_sio NDI quirk remapping 19200 bps consistently - drop ftdi_sio NDI quirk module parameter - clean up ftdi_sio quirk implementations - add more modem device ids Included are also various clean ups. All have been in linux-next with no reported issues. * tag 'usb-serial-6.19-rc1' of ssh://gitolite.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/johan/usb-serial: USB: serial: option: move Telit 0x10c7 composition in the right place USB: serial: option: add Telit Cinterion FE910C04 new compositions USB: serial: option: add Foxconn T99W760 USB: serial: ftdi_sio: drop NDI quirk module parameter USB: serial: ftdi_sio: clean up NDI speed hack USB: serial: ftdi_sio: enable NDI speed hack consistently USB: serial: ftdi_sio: rename quirk symbols USB: serial: ftdi_sio: clean up quirk comments USB: serial: ftdi_sio: rewrite 8u2232c quirk USB: serial: ftdi_sio: silence jtag probe USB: serial: ftdi_sio: match on interface number for jtag USB: serial: kobil_sct: drop unnecessary initialisations USB: serial: kobil_sct: clean up set_termios() USB: serial: kobil_sct: add control request helpers USB: serial: kobil_sct: clean up device type checks USB: serial: kobil_sct: clean up tiocmset() USB: serial: belkin_sa: clean up tiocmset() USB: serial: kobil_sct: fix TIOCMBIS and TIOCMBIC USB: serial: belkin_sa: fix TIOCMBIS and TIOCMBIC
2025-11-27MAINTAINERS: add German Maglione as virtiofs co-maintainerStefan Hajnoczi
German Maglione is a co-maintainer of the virtiofsd userspace device implementation (https://gitlab.com/virtio-fs/virtiofsd) and is currently one of the most active virtiofs developers outside the kernel. I have not worked on virtiofs except to review kernel patches for a few years now and would like German to take over from me gradually. It is healthier to have a kernel maintainer who is actively involved. I expect to remove myself in a few months. Signed-off-by: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251126211548.598469-1-stefanha@redhat.com Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
2025-11-27libceph: prevent potential out-of-bounds writes in handle_auth_session_key()ziming zhang
The len field originates from untrusted network packets. Boundary checks have been added to prevent potential out-of-bounds writes when decrypting the connection secret or processing service tickets. [ idryomov: changelog ] Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: ziming zhang <ezrakiez@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
2025-11-27libceph: replace BUG_ON with bounds check for map->max_osdziming zhang
OSD indexes come from untrusted network packets. Boundary checks are added to validate these against map->max_osd. [ idryomov: drop BUG_ON in ceph_get_primary_affinity(), minor cosmetic edits ] Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: ziming zhang <ezrakiez@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
2025-11-27ceph: fix crash in process_v2_sparse_read() for encrypted directoriesViacheslav Dubeyko
The crash in process_v2_sparse_read() for fscrypt-encrypted directories has been reported. Issue takes place for Ceph msgr2 protocol in secure mode. It can be reproduced by the steps: sudo mount -t ceph :/ /mnt/cephfs/ -o name=admin,fs=cephfs,ms_mode=secure (1) mkdir /mnt/cephfs/fscrypt-test-3 (2) cp area_decrypted.tar /mnt/cephfs/fscrypt-test-3 (3) fscrypt encrypt --source=raw_key --key=./my.key /mnt/cephfs/fscrypt-test-3 (4) fscrypt lock /mnt/cephfs/fscrypt-test-3 (5) fscrypt unlock --key=my.key /mnt/cephfs/fscrypt-test-3 (6) cat /mnt/cephfs/fscrypt-test-3/area_decrypted.tar (7) Issue has been triggered [ 408.072247] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 408.072251] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 392 at net/ceph/messenger_v2.c:865 ceph_con_v2_try_read+0x4b39/0x72f0 [ 408.072267] Modules linked in: intel_rapl_msr intel_rapl_common intel_uncore_frequency_common intel_pmc_core pmt_telemetry pmt_discovery pmt_class intel_pmc_ssram_telemetry intel_vsec kvm_intel joydev kvm irqbypass polyval_clmulni ghash_clmulni_intel aesni_intel rapl input_leds psmouse serio_raw i2c_piix4 vga16fb bochs vgastate i2c_smbus floppy mac_hid qemu_fw_cfg pata_acpi sch_fq_codel rbd msr parport_pc ppdev lp parport efi_pstore [ 408.072304] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 392 Comm: kworker/1:3 Not tainted 6.17.0-rc7+ [ 408.072307] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.17.0-5.fc42 04/01/2014 [ 408.072310] Workqueue: ceph-msgr ceph_con_workfn [ 408.072314] RIP: 0010:ceph_con_v2_try_read+0x4b39/0x72f0 [ 408.072317] Code: c7 c1 20 f0 d4 ae 50 31 d2 48 c7 c6 60 27 d5 ae 48 c7 c7 f8 8e 6f b0 68 60 38 d5 ae e8 00 47 61 fe 48 83 c4 18 e9 ac fc ff ff <0f> 0b e9 06 fe ff ff 4c 8b 9d 98 fd ff ff 0f 84 64 e7 ff ff 89 85 [ 408.072319] RSP: 0018:ffff88811c3e7a30 EFLAGS: 00010246 [ 408.072322] RAX: ffffed1024874c6f RBX: ffffea00042c2b40 RCX: 0000000000000f38 [ 408.072324] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: 0000000000000000 [ 408.072325] RBP: ffff88811c3e7ca8 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 00000000000000c8 [ 408.072326] R10: 00000000000000c8 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: 00000000000000c8 [ 408.072327] R13: dffffc0000000000 R14: ffff8881243a6030 R15: 0000000000003000 [ 408.072329] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88823eadf000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 408.072331] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ 408.072332] CR2: 000000c0003c6000 CR3: 000000010c106005 CR4: 0000000000772ef0 [ 408.072336] PKRU: 55555554 [ 408.072337] Call Trace: [ 408.072338] <TASK> [ 408.072340] ? sched_clock_noinstr+0x9/0x10 [ 408.072344] ? __pfx_ceph_con_v2_try_read+0x10/0x10 [ 408.072347] ? _raw_spin_unlock+0xe/0x40 [ 408.072349] ? finish_task_switch.isra.0+0x15d/0x830 [ 408.072353] ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x30 [ 408.072357] ? mutex_lock+0x84/0xe0 [ 408.072359] ? __pfx_mutex_lock+0x10/0x10 [ 408.072361] ceph_con_workfn+0x27e/0x10e0 [ 408.072364] ? metric_delayed_work+0x311/0x2c50 [ 408.072367] process_one_work+0x611/0xe20 [ 408.072371] ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x30 [ 408.072373] worker_thread+0x7e3/0x1580 [ 408.072375] ? __pfx__raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x10/0x10 [ 408.072378] ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10 [ 408.072381] kthread+0x381/0x7a0 [ 408.072383] ? __pfx__raw_spin_lock_irq+0x10/0x10 [ 408.072385] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 408.072387] ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x30 [ 408.072389] ? recalc_sigpending+0x160/0x220 [ 408.072392] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0xe/0x50 [ 408.072394] ? calculate_sigpending+0x78/0xb0 [ 408.072395] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 408.072397] ret_from_fork+0x2b6/0x380 [ 408.072400] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 408.072402] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 [ 408.072406] </TASK> [ 408.072407] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- [ 408.072418] Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc0000000000: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN NOPTI [ 408.072984] KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000000- 0x0000000000000007] [ 408.073350] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 392 Comm: kworker/1:3 Tainted: G W 6.17.0-rc7+ #1 PREEMPT(voluntary) [ 408.073886] Tainted: [W]=WARN [ 408.074042] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.17.0-5.fc42 04/01/2014 [ 408.074468] Workqueue: ceph-msgr ceph_con_workfn [ 408.074694] RIP: 0010:ceph_msg_data_advance+0x79/0x1a80 [ 408.074976] Code: fc ff df 49 8d 77 08 48 c1 ee 03 80 3c 16 00 0f 85 07 11 00 00 48 ba 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 49 8b 5f 08 48 89 de 48 c1 ee 03 <0f> b6 14 16 84 d2 74 09 80 fa 03 0f 8e 0f 0e 00 00 8b 13 83 fa 03 [ 408.075884] RSP: 0018:ffff88811c3e7990 EFLAGS: 00010246 [ 408.076305] RAX: ffff8881243a6388 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 0000000000000000 [ 408.076909] RDX: dffffc0000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffff8881243a6378 [ 408.077466] RBP: ffff88811c3e7a20 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 00000000000000c8 [ 408.078034] R10: ffff8881243a6388 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffffed1024874c71 [ 408.078575] R13: dffffc0000000000 R14: ffff8881243a6030 R15: ffff8881243a6378 [ 408.079159] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88823eadf000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 408.079736] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ 408.080039] CR2: 000000c0003c6000 CR3: 000000010c106005 CR4: 0000000000772ef0 [ 408.080376] PKRU: 55555554 [ 408.080513] Call Trace: [ 408.080630] <TASK> [ 408.080729] ceph_con_v2_try_read+0x49b9/0x72f0 [ 408.081115] ? __pfx_ceph_con_v2_try_read+0x10/0x10 [ 408.081348] ? _raw_spin_unlock+0xe/0x40 [ 408.081538] ? finish_task_switch.isra.0+0x15d/0x830 [ 408.081768] ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x30 [ 408.081986] ? mutex_lock+0x84/0xe0 [ 408.082160] ? __pfx_mutex_lock+0x10/0x10 [ 408.082343] ceph_con_workfn+0x27e/0x10e0 [ 408.082529] ? metric_delayed_work+0x311/0x2c50 [ 408.082737] process_one_work+0x611/0xe20 [ 408.082948] ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x30 [ 408.083156] worker_thread+0x7e3/0x1580 [ 408.083331] ? __pfx__raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x10/0x10 [ 408.083557] ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10 [ 408.083751] kthread+0x381/0x7a0 [ 408.083922] ? __pfx__raw_spin_lock_irq+0x10/0x10 [ 408.084139] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 408.084310] ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x30 [ 408.084510] ? recalc_sigpending+0x160/0x220 [ 408.084708] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0xe/0x50 [ 408.084917] ? calculate_sigpending+0x78/0xb0 [ 408.085138] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 408.085335] ret_from_fork+0x2b6/0x380 [ 408.085525] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 408.085720] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 [ 408.085922] </TASK> [ 408.086036] Modules linked in: intel_rapl_msr intel_rapl_common intel_uncore_frequency_common intel_pmc_core pmt_telemetry pmt_discovery pmt_class intel_pmc_ssram_telemetry intel_vsec kvm_intel joydev kvm irqbypass polyval_clmulni ghash_clmulni_intel aesni_intel rapl input_leds psmouse serio_raw i2c_piix4 vga16fb bochs vgastate i2c_smbus floppy mac_hid qemu_fw_cfg pata_acpi sch_fq_codel rbd msr parport_pc ppdev lp parport efi_pstore [ 408.087778] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- [ 408.088007] RIP: 0010:ceph_msg_data_advance+0x79/0x1a80 [ 408.088260] Code: fc ff df 49 8d 77 08 48 c1 ee 03 80 3c 16 00 0f 85 07 11 00 00 48 ba 00 00 00 00 00 fc ff df 49 8b 5f 08 48 89 de 48 c1 ee 03 <0f> b6 14 16 84 d2 74 09 80 fa 03 0f 8e 0f 0e 00 00 8b 13 83 fa 03 [ 408.089118] RSP: 0018:ffff88811c3e7990 EFLAGS: 00010246 [ 408.089357] RAX: ffff8881243a6388 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 0000000000000000 [ 408.089678] RDX: dffffc0000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffff8881243a6378 [ 408.090020] RBP: ffff88811c3e7a20 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 00000000000000c8 [ 408.090360] R10: ffff8881243a6388 R11: 0000000000000000 R12: ffffed1024874c71 [ 408.090687] R13: dffffc0000000000 R14: ffff8881243a6030 R15: ffff8881243a6378 [ 408.091035] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88823eadf000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 [ 408.091452] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 [ 408.092015] CR2: 000000c0003c6000 CR3: 000000010c106005 CR4: 0000000000772ef0 [ 408.092530] PKRU: 55555554 [ 417.112915] ================================================================== [ 417.113491] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __mutex_lock.constprop.0+0x1522/0x1610 [ 417.114014] Read of size 4 at addr ffff888124870034 by task kworker/2:0/4951 [ 417.114587] CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 4951 Comm: kworker/2:0 Tainted: G D W 6.17.0-rc7+ #1 PREEMPT(voluntary) [ 417.114592] Tainted: [D]=DIE, [W]=WARN [ 417.114593] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.17.0-5.fc42 04/01/2014 [ 417.114596] Workqueue: events handle_timeout [ 417.114601] Call Trace: [ 417.114602] <TASK> [ 417.114604] dump_stack_lvl+0x5c/0x90 [ 417.114610] print_report+0x171/0x4dc [ 417.114613] ? __pfx__raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x10/0x10 [ 417.114617] ? kasan_complete_mode_report_info+0x80/0x220 [ 417.114621] kasan_report+0xbd/0x100 [ 417.114625] ? __mutex_lock.constprop.0+0x1522/0x1610 [ 417.114628] ? __mutex_lock.constprop.0+0x1522/0x1610 [ 417.114630] __asan_report_load4_noabort+0x14/0x30 [ 417.114633] __mutex_lock.constprop.0+0x1522/0x1610 [ 417.114635] ? queue_con_delay+0x8d/0x200 [ 417.114638] ? __pfx___mutex_lock.constprop.0+0x10/0x10 [ 417.114641] ? __send_subscribe+0x529/0xb20 [ 417.114644] __mutex_lock_slowpath+0x13/0x20 [ 417.114646] mutex_lock+0xd4/0xe0 [ 417.114649] ? __pfx_mutex_lock+0x10/0x10 [ 417.114652] ? ceph_monc_renew_subs+0x2a/0x40 [ 417.114654] ceph_con_keepalive+0x22/0x110 [ 417.114656] handle_timeout+0x6b3/0x11d0 [ 417.114659] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0xe/0x50 [ 417.114662] ? __pfx_handle_timeout+0x10/0x10 [ 417.114664] ? queue_delayed_work_on+0x8e/0xa0 [ 417.114669] process_one_work+0x611/0xe20 [ 417.114672] ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x30 [ 417.114676] worker_thread+0x7e3/0x1580 [ 417.114678] ? __pfx__raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x10/0x10 [ 417.114682] ? __pfx_sched_setscheduler_nocheck+0x10/0x10 [ 417.114687] ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10 [ 417.114689] kthread+0x381/0x7a0 [ 417.114692] ? __pfx__raw_spin_lock_irq+0x10/0x10 [ 417.114694] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 417.114697] ? __kasan_check_write+0x14/0x30 [ 417.114699] ? recalc_sigpending+0x160/0x220 [ 417.114703] ? _raw_spin_unlock_irq+0xe/0x50 [ 417.114705] ? calculate_sigpending+0x78/0xb0 [ 417.114707] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 417.114710] ret_from_fork+0x2b6/0x380 [ 417.114713] ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10 [ 417.114715] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 [ 417.114720] </TASK> [ 417.125171] Allocated by task 2: [ 417.125333] kasan_save_stack+0x26/0x60 [ 417.125522] kasan_save_track+0x14/0x40 [ 417.125742] kasan_save_alloc_info+0x39/0x60 [ 417.125945] __kasan_slab_alloc+0x8b/0xb0 [ 417.126133] kmem_cache_alloc_node_noprof+0x13b/0x460 [ 417.126381] copy_process+0x320/0x6250 [ 417.126595] kernel_clone+0xb7/0x840 [ 417.126792] kernel_thread+0xd6/0x120 [ 417.126995] kthreadd+0x85c/0xbe0 [ 417.127176] ret_from_fork+0x2b6/0x380 [ 417.127378] ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 [ 417.127692] Freed by task 0: [ 417.127851] kasan_save_stack+0x26/0x60 [ 417.128057] kasan_save_track+0x14/0x40 [ 417.128267] kasan_save_free_info+0x3b/0x60 [ 417.128491] __kasan_slab_free+0x6c/0xa0 [ 417.128708] kmem_cache_free+0x182/0x550 [ 417.128906] free_task+0xeb/0x140 [ 417.129070] __put_task_struct+0x1d2/0x4f0 [ 417.129259] __put_task_struct_rcu_cb+0x15/0x20 [ 417.129480] rcu_do_batch+0x3d3/0xe70 [ 417.129681] rcu_core+0x549/0xb30 [ 417.129839] rcu_core_si+0xe/0x20 [ 417.130005] handle_softirqs+0x160/0x570 [ 417.130190] __irq_exit_rcu+0x189/0x1e0 [ 417.130369] irq_exit_rcu+0xe/0x20 [ 417.130531] sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x9f/0xd0 [ 417.130768] asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1b/0x20 [ 417.131082] Last potentially related work creation: [ 417.131305] kasan_save_stack+0x26/0x60 [ 417.131484] kasan_record_aux_stack+0xae/0xd0 [ 417.131695] __call_rcu_common+0xcd/0x14b0 [ 417.131909] call_rcu+0x31/0x50 [ 417.132071] delayed_put_task_struct+0x128/0x190 [ 417.132295] rcu_do_batch+0x3d3/0xe70 [ 417.132478] rcu_core+0x549/0xb30 [ 417.132658] rcu_core_si+0xe/0x20 [ 417.132808] handle_softirqs+0x160/0x570 [ 417.132993] __irq_exit_rcu+0x189/0x1e0 [ 417.133181] irq_exit_rcu+0xe/0x20 [ 417.133353] sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x9f/0xd0 [ 417.133584] asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x1b/0x20 [ 417.133921] Second to last potentially related work creation: [ 417.134183] kasan_save_stack+0x26/0x60 [ 417.134362] kasan_record_aux_stack+0xae/0xd0 [ 417.134566] __call_rcu_common+0xcd/0x14b0 [ 417.134782] call_rcu+0x31/0x50 [ 417.134929] put_task_struct_rcu_user+0x58/0xb0 [ 417.135143] finish_task_switch.isra.0+0x5d3/0x830 [ 417.135366] __schedule+0xd30/0x5100 [ 417.135534] schedule_idle+0x5a/0x90 [ 417.135712] do_idle+0x25f/0x410 [ 417.135871] cpu_startup_entry+0x53/0x70 [ 417.136053] start_secondary+0x216/0x2c0 [ 417.136233] common_startup_64+0x13e/0x141 [ 417.136894] The buggy address belongs to the object at ffff888124870000 which belongs to the cache task_struct of size 10504 [ 417.138122] The buggy address is located 52 bytes inside of freed 10504-byte region [ffff888124870000, ffff888124872908) [ 417.139465] The buggy address belongs to the physical page: [ 417.140016] page: refcount:0 mapcount:0 mapping:0000000000000000 index:0x0 pfn:0x124870 [ 417.140789] head: order:3 mapcount:0 entire_mapcount:0 nr_pages_mapped:0 pincount:0 [ 417.141519] memcg:ffff88811aa20e01 [ 417.141874] anon flags: 0x17ffffc0000040(head|node=0|zone=2|lastcpupid=0x1fffff) [ 417.142600] page_type: f5(slab) [ 417.142922] raw: 0017ffffc0000040 ffff88810094f040 0000000000000000 dead000000000001 [ 417.143554] raw: 0000000000000000 0000000000030003 00000000f5000000 ffff88811aa20e01 [ 417.143954] head: 0017ffffc0000040 ffff88810094f040 0000000000000000 dead000000000001 [ 417.144329] head: 0000000000000000 0000000000030003 00000000f5000000 ffff88811aa20e01 [ 417.144710] head: 0017ffffc0000003 ffffea0004921c01 00000000ffffffff 00000000ffffffff [ 417.145106] head: ffffffffffffffff 0000000000000000 00000000ffffffff 0000000000000008 [ 417.145485] page dumped because: kasan: bad access detected [ 417.145859] Memory state around the buggy address: [ 417.146094] ffff88812486ff00: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc [ 417.146439] ffff88812486ff80: fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc fc [ 417.146791] >ffff888124870000: fa fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb [ 417.147145] ^ [ 417.147387] ffff888124870080: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb [ 417.147751] ffff888124870100: fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb fb [ 417.148123] ================================================================== First of all, we have warning in get_bvec_at() because cursor->total_resid contains zero value. And, finally, we have crash in ceph_msg_data_advance() because cursor->data is NULL. It means that get_bvec_at() receives not initialized ceph_msg_data_cursor structure because data is NULL and total_resid contains zero. Moreover, we don't have likewise issue for the case of Ceph msgr1 protocol because ceph_msg_data_cursor_init() has been called before reading sparse data. This patch adds calling of ceph_msg_data_cursor_init() in the beginning of process_v2_sparse_read() with the goal to guarantee that logic of reading sparse data works correctly for the case of Ceph msgr2 protocol. Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Link: https://tracker.ceph.com/issues/73152 Signed-off-by: Viacheslav Dubeyko <Slava.Dubeyko@ibm.com> Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
2025-11-27pwm: rzg2l-gpt: Allow checking period_tick cache value only if sibling ↵Biju Das
channel is enabled The rzg2l_gpt_config() tests the rzg2l_gpt->period_tick variable when both channels of a hardware channel are in use. This check is not valid if rzg2l_gpt_config() is called after disabling all the channels, as it tests against the cached value. Hence, allow checking and setting the cached value only if the sibling channel is enabled. While at it, drop else after return statement to fix the check patch warning. Cc: stable@kernel.org Fixes: 061f087f5d0b ("pwm: Add support for RZ/G2L GPT") Signed-off-by: Biju Das <biju.das.jz@bp.renesas.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251126104308.142302-1-biju.das.jz@bp.renesas.com Signed-off-by: Uwe Kleine-König <ukleinek@kernel.org>
2025-11-27RDMA/bng_re: Remove prefetch instructionLeon Romanovsky
The prefetch instruction is meant to speed up access to memory referenced by its address argument. In the bng_re code path, it has no effect, because the pointer refers to a function that is executed immediately afterward. The issue was identified due to the following kbuild compilation error: drivers/infiniband/hw/bng_re/bng_fw.c: In function 'bng_re_creq_irq': drivers/infiniband/hw/bng_re/bng_fw.c:278:9: error: implicit declaration of function 'prefetch' [-Wimplicit-function-declaration] 278 | prefetch(bng_re_get_qe(hwq, sw_cons, NULL)); | ^~~~~~~~ Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202511260607.Kuxn4NnN-lkp@intel.com/ Fixes: 4f830cd8d7fe ("RDMA/bng_re: Add infrastructure for enabling Firmware channel") Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251126-remove-prefetch-v1-1-fcac22007ea7@nvidia.com Signed-off-by: Leon Romanovsky <leonro@nvidia.com>
2025-11-27backlight: aw99706: Fix unused function warnings from suspend/resume opsNathan Chancellor
When building for a platform without CONFIG_PM_SLEEP, such as s390, there are two unused function warnings: drivers/video/backlight/aw99706.c:436:12: error: 'aw99706_resume' defined but not used [-Werror=unused-function] 436 | static int aw99706_resume(struct device *dev) | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~ drivers/video/backlight/aw99706.c:429:12: error: 'aw99706_suspend' defined but not used [-Werror=unused-function] 429 | static int aw99706_suspend(struct device *dev) | ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ SET_SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS, used within SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS, expands to nothing when CONFIG_PM_SLEEP is not set, so these functions are completely unused in this configuration. SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS is deprecated in favor of DEFINE_SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS, which avoids this issue by using pm_sleep_ptr to make these callbacks NULL when CONFIG_PM_SLEEP is unset while making the callback functions always appear used to the compiler regardless of configuration. Switch to DEFINE_SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS for aw99706_pm_ops to clear up the warning. Additionally, wrap the pointer to aw99706_pm_ops in pm_ptr() in aw99706_i2c_driver to ensure that the structure is completely eliminated in configurations without CONFIG_PM. Fixes: 88a8e9b49ee8 ("backlight: aw99706: Add support for Awinic AW99706 backlight") Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251120-backlight-aw99706-fix-unused-pm-functions-v1-1-8b9c17c4e783@kernel.org Signed-off-by: Lee Jones <lee@kernel.org>
2025-11-27x86/bugs: Make i386 use GENERIC_BUG_RELATIVE_POINTERSPeter Zijlstra
Linus figured less #ifdef is more better and making x86-32 use GENERIC_BUG_RELATIVE_POINTERS removes one layer of macro magic from the bug.h bits. Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linuxfoundation.org> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
2025-11-27x86/bug: Fix BUG_FORMAT vs KASLRPeter Zijlstra
Encoding a relative NULL pointer doesn't work for KASLR, when the whole kernel image gets shifted, the __bug_table and the target string get shifted by the same amount and the relative offset is preserved. However when the target is an absolute 0 value and the __bug_table gets moved about, the end result in a pointer equivalent to kaslr_offset(), not NULL. Notably, this will generate SHN_UNDEF relocations, and Ard would really like to not have those at all. Use the empty string to denote no-string. Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linuxfoundation.org> Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
2025-11-27objtool: Build with disassembly can fail when including bdf.hAlexandre Chartre
Building objtool with disassembly support can fail when including the bdf.h file: In file included from tools/objtool/include/objtool/arch.h:108, from check.c:14: /usr/include/bfd.h:35:2: error: #error config.h must be included before this header 35 | #error config.h must be included before this header | ^~~~~ This check is present in the bfd.h file generated from the binutils source code, but it is not necessarily present in the bfd.h file provided in a binutil package (for example, it is not present in the binutil RPM). The solution to this issue is to define the PACKAGE macro before including bfd.h. This is the solution suggested by the binutil developer in bug 14243, and it is used by other kernel tools which also use bfd.h (perf and bpf). Fixes: 59953303827ec ("objtool: Disassemble code with libopcodes instead of running objdump") Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/3fa261fd-3b46-4cbe-b48d-7503aabc96cb@oracle.com/ Reported-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Suggested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Alexandre Chartre <alexandre.chartre@oracle.com> Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org> Link: https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=14243 Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20251126134519.1760889-1-alexandre.chartre@oracle.com
2025-11-27gpio: shared: handle the reset-gpios corner caseBartosz Golaszewski
There's an unexpected interaction between the reset-gpio driver and the shared GPIO support. The reset-gpio device is an auxiliary device that's created dynamically and fulfills a similar role to the gpio-shared-proxy driver but is limited in scope to just supporting the "reset-gpios" property. The shared GPIO core code does not take into account that the machine lookup entry we create when scanning the device-tree must connect the reset-gpio device - that is the actual consumer of the GPIO and not the consumer defined on the device tree, which in turn consumes the shared reset control exposed by the reset-gpio device - to the GPIO controller. We also must not skip the gpio-shared-proxy driver as it's possible that a shared GPIO may be used by one consumer as a reset-gpios going through the reset-gpio device and another that uses GPIOLIB. We need to make it a special case handled in gpiolib-shared.c. Add a new function - gpio_shared_dev_is_reset_gpio() - whose role it is to verify if a non-matching consumer of a shared pin is a reset-gpio device and make sure it's the right one for this pin. To that end make sure that its parent is the GPIO controller in question and that the fwnode we identified as sharing the pin references that controller via the "reset-gpios" property. Only include that code if the reset-gpio driver is enabled. Fixes: a060b8c511ab ("gpiolib: implement low-level, shared GPIO support") Reported-by: Val Packett <val@packett.cool> Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/3b5d9df5-934d-4591-8827-6c9573a6f7ba@packett.cool/ Tested-by: Val Packett <val@packett.cool> Tested-by: Abel Vesa <abel.vesa@linaro.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20251125-gpiolib-shared-reset-gpio-fix-v2-1-4eb6fa41f1dd@linaro.org Signed-off-by: Bartosz Golaszewski <bartosz.golaszewski@linaro.org>
2025-11-27vhost/test: add test specific macro for featuresMichael S. Tsirkin
test just uses vhost features with no change, but people tend to copy/paste code, so let's add our own define. Message-ID: <23ca04512a800ee8b3594482492e536020931340.1764225384.git.mst@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
2025-11-27virtio: clean up features qword/dword termsMichael S. Tsirkin
virtio pci uses word to mean "16 bits". mmio uses it to mean "32 bits". To avoid confusion, let's avoid the term in core virtio altogether. Just say U64 to mean "64 bit". Fixes: e7d4c1c5a546 ("virtio: introduce extended features") Cc: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com> Acked-by: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com> Message-ID: <ad53b7b6be87fc524f45abaeca0bb05fb3633397.1764225384.git.mst@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
2025-11-27vduse: add WQ_PERCPU to alloc_workqueue usersMarco Crivellari
Currently if a user enqueues a work item using schedule_delayed_work() the used wq is "system_wq" (per-cpu wq) while queue_delayed_work() use WORK_CPU_UNBOUND (used when a cpu is not specified). The same applies to schedule_work() that is using system_wq and queue_work(), that makes use again of WORK_CPU_UNBOUND. This lack of consistency cannot be addressed without refactoring the API. alloc_workqueue() treats all queues as per-CPU by default, while unbound workqueues must opt-in via WQ_UNBOUND. This default is suboptimal: most workloads benefit from unbound queues, allowing the scheduler to place worker threads where they’re needed and reducing noise when CPUs are isolated. This continues the effort to refactor workqueue APIs, which began with the introduction of new workqueues and a new alloc_workqueue flag in: commit 128ea9f6ccfb ("workqueue: Add system_percpu_wq and system_dfl_wq") commit 930c2ea566af ("workqueue: Add new WQ_PERCPU flag") This change adds a new WQ_PERCPU flag to explicitly request alloc_workqueue() to be per-cpu when WQ_UNBOUND has not been specified. With the introduction of the WQ_PERCPU flag (equivalent to !WQ_UNBOUND), any alloc_workqueue() caller that doesn’t explicitly specify WQ_UNBOUND must now use WQ_PERCPU. Once migration is complete, WQ_UNBOUND can be removed and unbound will become the implicit default. Suggested-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Marco Crivellari <marco.crivellari@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com> Message-Id: <20251107154917.313090-3-marco.crivellari@suse.com>
2025-11-27virtio_balloon: add WQ_PERCPU to alloc_workqueue usersMarco Crivellari
Currently if a user enqueues a work item using schedule_delayed_work() the used wq is "system_wq" (per-cpu wq) while queue_delayed_work() use WORK_CPU_UNBOUND (used when a cpu is not specified). The same applies to schedule_work() that is using system_wq and queue_work(), that makes use again of WORK_CPU_UNBOUND. This lack of consistency cannot be addressed without refactoring the API. alloc_workqueue() treats all queues as per-CPU by default, while unbound workqueues must opt-in via WQ_UNBOUND. This default is suboptimal: most workloads benefit from unbound queues, allowing the scheduler to place worker threads where they’re needed and reducing noise when CPUs are isolated. This continues the effort to refactor workqueue APIs, which began with the introduction of new workqueues and a new alloc_workqueue flag in: commit 128ea9f6ccfb ("workqueue: Add system_percpu_wq and system_dfl_wq") commit 930c2ea566af ("workqueue: Add new WQ_PERCPU flag") This change adds a new WQ_PERCPU flag to explicitly request alloc_workqueue() to be per-cpu when WQ_UNBOUND has not been specified. With the introduction of the WQ_PERCPU flag (equivalent to !WQ_UNBOUND), any alloc_workqueue() caller that doesn’t explicitly specify WQ_UNBOUND must now use WQ_PERCPU. Once migration is complete, WQ_UNBOUND can be removed and unbound will become the implicit default. Suggested-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Marco Crivellari <marco.crivellari@suse.com> Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com> Message-Id: <20251107154917.313090-2-marco.crivellari@suse.com>
2025-11-27vdpa/pds: use %pe for ERR_PTR() in event handler registrationAlok Tiwari
Use %pe instead of %ps when printing ERR_PTR() values. %ps is intended for string pointers, while %pe correctly prints symbolic error names for error pointers returned via ERR_PTR(). This shows the returned error value more clearly. Fixes: 67f27b8b3a34 ("pds_vdpa: subscribe to the pds_core events") Signed-off-by: Alok Tiwari <alok.a.tiwari@oracle.com> Reviewed-by: Brett Creeley <brett.creeley@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com> Message-Id: <20251018174705.1511982-1-alok.a.tiwari@oracle.com>
2025-11-27vhost: Fix kthread worker cgroup failure handlingMike Christie
If we fail to attach to a cgroup we are leaking the id. This adds a new goto to free the id. Fixes: 7d9896e9f6d0 ("vhost: Reintroduce kthread API and add mode selection") Signed-off-by: Mike Christie <michael.christie@oracle.com> Acked-by: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Chaitanya Kulkarni <kch@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com> Message-Id: <20251101194358.13605-1-michael.christie@oracle.com>
2025-11-27virtio: vdpa: Fix reference count leak in octep_sriov_enable()Miaoqian Lin
pci_get_device() will increase the reference count for the returned pci_dev, and also decrease the reference count for the input parameter from if it is not NULL. If we break the loop in with 'vf_pdev' not NULL. We need to call pci_dev_put() to decrease the reference count. Found via static anlaysis and this is similar to commit c508eb042d97 ("perf/x86/intel/uncore: Fix reference count leak in sad_cfg_iio_topology()") Fixes: 8b6c724cdab8 ("virtio: vdpa: vDPA driver for Marvell OCTEON DPU devices") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Miaoqian Lin <linmq006@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com> Message-Id: <20251027060737.33815-1-linmq006@gmail.com>
2025-11-27vdpa/mlx5: Fix incorrect error code reporting in query_virtqueuesAlok Tiwari
When query_virtqueues() fails, the error log prints the variable err instead of cmd->err. Since err may still be zero at this point, the log message can misleadingly report a success value 0 even though the command actually failed. Even worse, once err is set to the first failure, subsequent logs print that same stale value. This makes the error reporting appear one step behind the actual failing queue index, which is confusing and misleading. Fix the log to report cmd->err, which reflects the real failure code returned by the firmware. Fixes: 1fcdf43ea69e ("vdpa/mlx5: Use async API for vq query command") Signed-off-by: Alok Tiwari <alok.a.tiwari@oracle.com> Acked-by: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Dragos Tatulea <dtatulea@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com> Message-Id: <20250929134258.80956-1-alok.a.tiwari@oracle.com>
2025-11-27virtio: fix map ops commentMichael S. Tsirkin
@free will free the map handle not sync it. Fix the doc to match. Fixes: bee8c7c24b73 ("virtio: introduce map ops in virtio core") Message-Id: <f6ff1c7aff8401900bf362007d7fb52dfdb6a15b.1763026134.git.mst@redhat.com> Acked-by: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>