linux.git/scripts/Makefile.modfinal, branch master

scripts/gen-btf.sh: Use CONFIG_SHELL for execution

2026-01-21T20:36:32+00:00

According to the docs [1], kernel build scripts should be executed via
CONFIG_SHELL, which is sh by default.

Fixup gen-btf.sh to be runnable with sh, and use CONFIG_SHELL at every
invocation site.

See relevant discussion for context [2].

[1] https://docs.kernel.org/kbuild/makefiles.html#script-invocation
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/CAADnVQ+dxmSNoJAGb6xV89ffUCKXe5CJXovXZt22nv5iYFV5mw@mail.gmail.com/

Signed-off-by: Ihor Solodrai 
Tested-by: Gary Guo 
Reported-by: Gary Guo 
Suggested-by: Thomas Weißschuh 
Fixes: 522397d05e7d ("resolve_btfids: Change in-place update with raw binary output")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260121181617.820300-1-ihor.solodrai@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov

resolve_btfids: Change in-place update with raw binary output

2025-12-19T18:55:40+00:00

Currently resolve_btfids updates .BTF_ids section of an ELF file
in-place, based on the contents of provided BTF, usually within the
same input file, and optionally a BTF base.

Change resolve_btfids behavior to enable BTF transformations as part
of its main operation. To achieve this, in-place ELF write in
resolve_btfids is replaced with generation of the following binaries:
  * ${1}.BTF with .BTF section data
  * ${1}.BTF_ids with .BTF_ids section data if it existed in ${1}
  * ${1}.BTF.base with .BTF.base section data for out-of-tree modules

The execution of resolve_btfids and consumption of its output is
orchestrated by scripts/gen-btf.sh introduced in this patch.

The motivation for emitting binary data is that it allows simplifying
resolve_btfids implementation by delegating ELF update to the $OBJCOPY
tool [1], which is already widely used across the codebase.

There are two distinct paths for BTF generation and resolve_btfids
application in the kernel build: for vmlinux and for kernel modules.

For the vmlinux binary a .BTF section is added in a roundabout way to
ensure correct linking. The patch doesn't change this approach, only
the implementation is a little different.

Before this patch it worked as follows:

  * pahole consumed .tmp_vmlinux1 [2] and added .BTF section with
    llvm-objcopy [3] to it
  * then everything except the .BTF section was stripped from .tmp_vmlinux1
    into a .tmp_vmlinux1.bpf.o object [2], later linked into vmlinux
  * resolve_btfids was executed later on vmlinux.unstripped [4],
    updating it in-place

After this patch gen-btf.sh implements the following:

  * pahole consumes .tmp_vmlinux1 and produces a *detached* file with
    raw BTF data
  * resolve_btfids consumes .tmp_vmlinux1 and detached BTF to produce
    (potentially modified) .BTF, and .BTF_ids sections data
  * a .tmp_vmlinux1.bpf.o object is then produced with objcopy copying
    BTF output of resolve_btfids
  * .BTF_ids data gets embedded into vmlinux.unstripped in
    link-vmlinux.sh by objcopy --update-section

For kernel modules, creating a special .bpf.o file is not necessary,
and so embedding of sections data produced by resolve_btfids is
straightforward with objcopy.

With this patch an ELF file becomes effectively read-only within
resolve_btfids, which allows deleting elf_update() call and satellite
code (like compressed_section_fix [5]).

Endianness handling of .BTF_ids data is also changed. Previously the
"flags" part of the section was bswapped in sets_patch() [6], and then
Elf_Type was modified before elf_update() to signal to libelf that
bswap may be necessary. With this patch we explicitly bswap entire
data buffer on load and on dump.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/131b4190-9c49-4f79-a99d-c00fac97fa44@linux.dev/
[2] https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/tree/scripts/link-vmlinux.sh?h=v6.18#n110
[3] https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/devel/pahole/pahole.git/tree/btf_encoder.c?h=v1.31#n1803
[4] https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/tree/scripts/link-vmlinux.sh?h=v6.18#n284
[5] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20200819092342.259004-1-jolsa@kernel.org/
[6] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/cover.1707223196.git.vmalik@redhat.com/

Signed-off-by: Ihor Solodrai 
Signed-off-by: Andrii Nakryiko 
Tested-by: Alan Maguire 
Acked-by: Eduard Zingerman 
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20251219181825.1289460-3-ihor.solodrai@linux.dev

tracing: Add warnings for unused tracepoints for modules

2025-10-24T20:43:15+00:00

If a modules has TRACE_EVENT() but does not use it, add a warning about it
at build time.

Currently, the build must be made by adding "UT=1" to the make command
line in order for this to trigger.

Cc: Masami Hiramatsu 
Cc: Mark Rutland 
Cc: Mathieu Desnoyers 
Cc: Andrew Morton 
Cc: Arnd Bergmann 
Cc: Masahiro Yamada 
Cc: Nathan Chancellor 
Cc: Nicolas Schier 
Cc: Nick Desaulniers 
Cc: Catalin Marinas 
Cc: Linus Torvalds 
Cc: Randy Dunlap 
Cc: Stephen Rothwell 
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20251022004453.422000794@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google)

kbuild: re-enable KCSAN for autogenerated *.mod.c intermediaries

2024-11-27T23:11:55+00:00

This reverts commit 54babdc0343f ("kbuild: Disable KCSAN for
autogenerated *.mod.c intermediaries").

Now that objtool is enabled for *.mod.c, there is no need to filter
out CFLAGS_KCSAN.

I no longer see "Unpatched return thunk in use. This should not happen!"
error with KCSAN when loading a module.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada

kbuild: enable objtool for *.mod.o and additional kernel objects

2024-11-27T23:11:55+00:00

Currently, objtool is disabled in scripts/Makefile.{modfinal,vmlinux}.

This commit moves rule_cc_o_c and rule_as_o_S to scripts/Makefile.lib
and set objtool-enabled to y there.

With this change, *.mod.o, .module-common.o,  builtin-dtb.o, and
vmlinux.export.o will now be covered by objtool.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada

kbuild: move cmd_cc_o_c and cmd_as_o_S to scripts/Malefile.lib

2024-11-27T23:11:55+00:00

The cmd_cc_o_c and cmd_as_o_S macros are duplicated in
scripts/Makefile.{build,modfinal,vmlinux}.

This commit factors them out to scripts/Makefile.lib.

No functional changes are intended.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada

kbuild: remove extmod_prefix, MODORDER, MODULES_NSDEPS variables

2024-11-27T23:11:55+00:00

With the previous changes, $(extmod_prefix), $(MODORDER), and
$(MODULES_NSDEPS) are constant. (empty, modules.order, and
modules.nsdeps, respectively).

Remove these variables and hard-code their values.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada 
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier

kbuild: add $(objtree)/ prefix to some in-kernel build artifacts

2024-11-27T00:38:27+00:00

$(objtree) refers to the top of the output directory of kernel builds.

This commit adds the explicit $(objtree)/ prefix to build artifacts
needed for building external modules.

This change has no immediate impact, as the top-level Makefile
currently defines:

  objtree         := .

This commit prepares for supporting the building of external modules
in a different directory.

Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada 
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier

kbuild: remove append operation on cmd_ld_ko_o

2024-09-20T00:21:53+00:00

The append operation was introduced in
commit b1a1a1a09b46 ("kbuild: lto: postpone objtool")
when the command was created from two parts.
In commit 850ded46c642 ("kbuild: Fix TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS with LTO_CLANG")
however the first part was removed again, making the append operation
unnecessary.

To keep this command definition aligned with all other command
definitions, remove the append again.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh 
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada

kbuild: compile constant module information only once

2024-09-07T08:24:08+00:00

Various information about modules is compiled into the info sections.
For that a dedicated .mod.c file is generated by modpost for each module
and then linked into the module.
However most of the information in the .mod.c is the same for all
modules, internal and external.
Split the shared information into a dedicated source file that is
compiled once and then linked into all modules.

This avoids frequent rebuilds for all .mod.c files when using
CONFIG_LOCALVERSION_AUTO because the local version ends up in .mod.c
through UTS_RELEASE and VERMAGIC_STRING.
The modules are still relinked in this case.

The code is also easier to maintain as it's now in a proper source file
instead of an inline string literal.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh 
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada