linux.git/kernel/trace, branch v7.2-rc7

ring-buffer: Fix crash passing ERR_PTR to kthread_stop()

2026-08-09T02:26:30+00:00

In test_ringbuffer()'s out_free cleanup loop, the check
`!rb_threads[cpu]` only catches NULL entries and misses entries that
hold an ERR_PTR.

rb_threads[] is static, so unassigned slots are NULL. But when
kthread_run_on_cpu() fails for a cpu, it stores ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM) (or
-EINTR) in rb_threads[cpu] before the creation loop jumps to out_free.
That entry is non-NULL, so the old `!ptr` check does not break, and the
cleanup proceeds to call kthread_stop() on the ERR_PTR. kthread_stop()
then dereferences the bogus pointer, crashing the kernel during the
late_initcall self-test.

crash logs:
  BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 000000000000001c
  Oops: 0002 [#1] SMP NOPTI
  CPU: 1 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 7.2.0-rc6-dirty #7 PREEMPT(lazy)
  RIP: 0010:kthread_stop+0x2e/0x220
  RBX: fffffffffffffff4
  CR2: 000000000000001c
  Call Trace:
   
   test_ringbuffer+0x1ec/0x650
   do_one_initcall+0x6c/0x2c0
   kernel_init_freeable+0x21d/0x420
   kernel_init+0x15/0x1c0
   ret_from_fork+0x21b/0x320
   
  Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 64ed3a049e3e ("ring-buffer: make use of the helper function kthread_run_on_cpu()")
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260807154145.2846521-2-sh_def@163.com
Signed-off-by: Hui Su 
Reviewed-by: Vincent Donnefort 
Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt

ring-buffer: Initialise reader page order in rb_allocate_cpu_buffer()

2026-08-09T02:26:11+00:00

In rb_allocate_cpu_buffer(), bpage->order was omitted, leaving it as 0.
This is an issue for a ring-buffer with subbufs bigger than PAGE_SIZE if
when freed: free_buffer_page() relies on this value. Align the value
with the actual allocation size (buffer::subbuf_order).

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: f9b94daa542a ("ring-buffer: Set new size of the ring buffer sub page")
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260806211306.3704194-4-vdonnefort@google.com
Signed-off-by: Vincent Donnefort 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt

ring-buffer: Prevent subbuf order change when resizing is disabled

2026-08-09T02:23:45+00:00

Because ring_buffer_subbuf_order_set() frees buffer pages, we can't
allow it when resizing is disabled. A non-consuming reader is at risk of
use-after-free (rb_advance_iter()).

Return -EBUSY on resize_disabled, matching ring_buffer_resize()
behaviour.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: f9b94daa542a ("ring-buffer: Set new size of the ring buffer sub page")
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260806211306.3704194-3-vdonnefort@google.com
Reported-by: syzbot+e0cc44465d6bae735679@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Vincent Donnefort 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt

ring-buffer: Prevent resizing of persistent ring buffer

2026-08-09T02:23:18+00:00

Dynamically resizing a persistent ring buffer is not possible. Disable
the feature.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: be68d63a139b ("ring-buffer: Add ring_buffer_alloc_range()")
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260806211306.3704194-2-vdonnefort@google.com
Signed-off-by: Vincent Donnefort 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt

ftrace: Fix off-by-one fentry site disable in ftrace_free_mem()

2026-08-09T02:22:41+00:00

When a module's init text is freed, do_init_module() calls
ftrace_free_mem() with a half-open [start, end) range.  However the
ftrace_cmp_recs() comparator treats the upper bound as inclusive, as all
its other users do, passing 'ip + size - 1'.  So ftrace_free_mem() can
delete a record sitting exactly at 'end', which is outside the freed
range.

For a kernel without CFI or IBT, the first record of a function is at
the function start, which for the first function in a module is also the
base of its text allocation.  As the module allocator packs its regions,
that address is often the 'end' passed by a neighboring module's
do_init_module(), causing the first function's ftrace location to get
disabled, preventing an attempt to livepatch it:

  livepatch: failed to find location for function 'pcspkr_probe'

Convert the exclusive end to the inclusive 'end - 1' the comparator
expects, and return early for an empty range to avoid the subtraction
from underflowing when the init text size is zero.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 42c269c88dc1 ("ftrace: Allow for function tracing to record init functions on boot up")
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/1b5ccfa8095bdb1277f84af1c2c2e2205aca03ae.1785992188.git.jpoimboe@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf 
Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt

ring-buffer: Use current_context for safe per-CPU buffer swap

2026-08-09T02:22:06+00:00

The ring_buffer_swap_cpu() function currently checks the per-CPU
committing counter to determine if a buffer is actively being written to
before performing the swap. However, there exists a race window where
this check can be bypassed:

    ring_buffer_lock_reserve
        cpu_buffer = buffer->buffers[cpu];       // cpu_buffer_a
        rb_reserve_next_event
            rb_start_commit // inc committing
            if (unlikely(READ_ONCE(cpu_buffer->buffer) != buffer)) {...}
            __rb_reserve_next
                rb_move_tail
                    rb_end_commit(cpu_buffer);   // dec committing => 0
                    /* interrupt hits here, successfully swaps! */
                    local_inc(&cpu_buffer->committing);

    ring_buffer_unlock_commit
        cpu_buffer = buffer->buffers[cpu];      // cpu_buffer_b
        rb_commit
            rb_end_commit
            RB_WARN_ON(cpu_buffer, !local_read(&cpu_buffer->committing))
                                                // triggers warning

The committing counter can temporarily drop to 0 during a single write
operation (within rb_move_tail), creating a window where swap can
succeed even though the write is still in progress. This leads to
inconsistent buffer state and triggers the RB_WARN_ON in rb_commit().

Replace the committing counter check with current_context checks, which
are set at the entry of ring_buffer_lock_reserve() and remain valid
throughout the entire write operation, providing a reliable indicator of
buffer busy state during swap.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 4239c38fe0b3 ("ring-buffer: Process commits whenever moving to a new page.")
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260803005640.2445666-2-wutengda@huaweicloud.com
Signed-off-by: Tengda Wu 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt

ftrace: Drop extra comma in trace_buffered_event_enable

2026-08-08T15:21:32+00:00

Drop the extra comma in "scoped_guard()" to cleanup the code.

Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260730150411.88667-5-leon.hwang@linux.dev
Acked-by: Jiri Olsa 
Signed-off-by: Leon Hwang 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt

ftrace: Protect direct_functions in update_ftrace_direct_mod

2026-08-08T15:21:27+00:00

Fix accessing the __rcu pointer direct_functions with RCU protection.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260730150411.88667-4-leon.hwang@linux.dev
Fixes: e93672f770d7 ("ftrace: Add update_ftrace_direct_mod function")
Acked-by: Jiri Olsa 
Signed-off-by: Leon Hwang 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt

ftrace: Protect direct_functions in update_ftrace_direct_del

2026-08-08T15:21:23+00:00

Fix accessing the __rcu pointer direct_functions with RCU protection.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260730150411.88667-3-leon.hwang@linux.dev
Fixes: 8d2c1233f371 ("ftrace: Add update_ftrace_direct_del function")
Acked-by: Jiri Olsa 
Signed-off-by: Leon Hwang 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt

ftrace: Protect direct_functions in ftrace_find_rec_direct

2026-08-08T15:21:04+00:00

Fix accessing the __rcu pointer direct_functions with RCU protection.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260730150411.88667-2-leon.hwang@linux.dev
Fixes: d05cb470663a ("ftrace: Fix modification of direct_function hash while in use")
Acked-by: Jiri Olsa 
Suggested-by: Steven Rostedt 
Signed-off-by: Leon Hwang 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt