linux.git/kernel/time/ntp_internal.h, branch v7.3-rc2 Linux kernel source tree timekeeping: Drive time_offset skew via per-tick ntp_error transfer 2026-07-10T07:20:54+00:00 David Woodhouse dwmw@amazon.co.uk 2026-06-21T21:53:57+00:00 d375af58990902e73dd62bd7c049e759bcff92a5 Currently, the phase offset of time_offset and time_adjust is delivered by adjusting tick_length in second_overflow(), and immediately draining time_offset/time_adjust by the amount that the tick_length adjustment is *estimated* to cause. This is fairly approximate, in part because it is not always correct to assume that precisely NTP_INTERVAL_FREQ ticks will occur between one call to second_overflow() and the next. It could also over and under-run in the final second of delivery. Instead of inflating tick_length, transfer the intended skew directly into ntp_error each tick to achieve the desired rate. In second_overflow(), calculate skew_delta which is the per-tick slew rate, in the same units as time_offset: (ns << NTP_SCALE_SHIFT) / HZ. In logarithmic_accumulation(), drain up to 'skew_delta' time units from time_offset into ntp_error to drive the overall effective rate. The new ntp_drain_skew() function returns the amount which is actually 'claimed' by time_offset (and in a future patch, time_adjust). Any overrun which is delivered by the changed 'mult' (as described below) but not claimed by ntp_drain_skew() will remain in ntp_error to be corrected away in subsequent ticks. Simply transferring the precise amount from time_offset to ntp_error would be sufficent to make the time *eventually* converge, however the skew delivered is limited by the choice of { mult, mult+1 } each tick and thus the convergence would be extremely slow. In theory we could inflate ntp_err_mult with the magnitude of ntp_error in the general case — but that would cause overcorrection in a tickless kernel. Instead, in timekeeping_adjust(), take skew_delta into account when calculating 'mult', such that the available {mult, mult+1} choices bracket the overall effective rate *including* the skew, to avoid the delta just building up in ntp_error. The effect is that the inflated 'mult' causes ntp_error to grow because xtime_interval is (e.g.) longer than the true tick_length. But then the same delta is removed again as it's drained from time_offset. This gives behaviour equivalent to the old tick_length += delta approach but with exact per-tick accounting of the time_offset actually imparted to the clock, and no overrun. Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Assisted-by: Kiro:claude-opus-4.8 Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260621220051.1030462-5-dwmw2@infradead.org 
Currently, the phase offset of time_offset and time_adjust is delivered
by adjusting tick_length in second_overflow(), and immediately draining
time_offset/time_adjust by the amount that the tick_length adjustment is
*estimated* to cause. This is fairly approximate, in part because it is
not always correct to assume that precisely NTP_INTERVAL_FREQ ticks will
occur between one call to second_overflow() and the next. It could also
over and under-run in the final second of delivery.

Instead of inflating tick_length, transfer the intended skew directly
into ntp_error each tick to achieve the desired rate.

In second_overflow(), calculate skew_delta which is the per-tick slew
rate, in the same units as time_offset: (ns << NTP_SCALE_SHIFT) / HZ.

In logarithmic_accumulation(), drain up to 'skew_delta' time units from
time_offset into ntp_error to drive the overall effective rate. The new
ntp_drain_skew() function returns the amount which is actually 'claimed'
by time_offset (and in a future patch, time_adjust). Any overrun which
is delivered by the changed 'mult' (as described below) but not claimed
by ntp_drain_skew() will remain in ntp_error to be corrected away in
subsequent ticks.

Simply transferring the precise amount from time_offset to ntp_error
would be sufficent to make the time *eventually* converge, however the
skew delivered is limited by the choice of { mult, mult+1 } each tick
and thus the convergence would be extremely slow.

In theory we could inflate ntp_err_mult with the magnitude of ntp_error
in the general case — but that would cause overcorrection in a tickless
kernel. Instead, in timekeeping_adjust(), take skew_delta into account
when calculating 'mult', such that the available {mult, mult+1} choices
bracket the overall effective rate *including* the skew, to avoid the
delta just building up in ntp_error.

The effect is that the inflated 'mult' causes ntp_error to grow because
xtime_interval is (e.g.) longer than the true tick_length. But then the
same delta is removed again as it's drained from time_offset.

This gives behaviour equivalent to the old tick_length += delta approach
but with exact per-tick accounting of the time_offset actually imparted
to the clock, and no overrun.

Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org>
Assisted-by: Kiro:claude-opus-4.8
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260621220051.1030462-5-dwmw2@infradead.org
timekeeping: Account for clocksource tick quantisation via NTP 2026-07-10T07:20:54+00:00 David Woodhouse dwmw@amazon.co.uk 2026-06-21T21:53:56+00:00 869a55e662a080a5c6618b68ae320231c720eeee cycle_interval is an integer number of counter cycles per NTP interval, so the real time it represents differs from the nominal NTP_INTERVAL_LENGTH by up to half a counter period. For coarse clocksources this is significant: the 3.579545 MHz ACPI PM timer at HZ=1000 rounds 3579.545 cycles up to 3580, making each tick 1.000127 ms (+127 PPM). Commit a386b5af8edd ("time: Compensate for rounding on odd-frequency clocksources") introduced xtime_remainder to compensate for exactly this, citing the same 127 PPM ACPI PM example. The compensation is correct and necessary, but it was applied inside the timekeeping accumulation in timekeeping.c: subtracted in the mult computation in timekeeping_adjust() and folded into the ntp_error update in logarithmic_accumulation(). That keeps the base rate correct and leaves NTP its full symmetric +/-MAXFREQ range rather than +373/-627 PPM, but the NTP code in ntp.c never sees it: tick_length is computed without the correction, so ntp.c's notion of how long a tick is disagrees with the rate timekeeping actually produces. Make the offset an explicit part of the NTP tick_length instead. Add ntp_data::cs_tick_adj, a fixed per-second addend that ntp_update_frequency() includes alongside ntp_tick_adj and time_freq. tk_setup_internals() computes it from the difference between the real cycle_interval duration and the nominal interval, stores it in the timekeeper, and hands it to NTP through a new argument to ntp_clear() -- which already recomputes the frequency and is invoked after every clocksource (re)configuration. timekeeping_init() now uses TK_UPDATE_ALL for this; clearing NTP there is otherwise redundant since ntp_init() has just initialised it. ntp.c now computes the true tick rate, giving a single source of truth. Like ntp_tick_adj, cs_tick_adj stays internal to the kernel: userspace still sees the nominal 1.000000 ms tick via adjtimex and is unaware of the addends. timekeeping_adjust() and logarithmic_accumulation() use ntp_tick / xtime_interval directly, and xtime_remainder is removed. The base-rate arithmetic is unchanged: ntp_tick becomes xtime_interval << ntp_error_shift, so the mult division yields the same base mult and the ntp_error accumulation still nets to zero per tick. Beyond the cleanup of treating all the tick_length contributions (nominal interval, ntp_tick_adj, cs_tick_adj, time_freq) consistently as addends in one place, it also prepares for feed-forward discipline: a future timekeeping_set_reference() will set tick_length to track an absolute external reference such as a vmclock, and that path needs ntp.c to own a tick_length that already reflects the clocksource quantisation, with no hidden correction applied elsewhere. Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org> Assisted-by: Kiro:claude-opus-4.8 Acked-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260621220051.1030462-4-dwmw2@infradead.org 
cycle_interval is an integer number of counter cycles per NTP interval,
so the real time it represents differs from the nominal
NTP_INTERVAL_LENGTH by up to half a counter period. For coarse
clocksources this is significant: the 3.579545 MHz ACPI PM timer at
HZ=1000 rounds 3579.545 cycles up to 3580, making each tick 1.000127 ms
(+127 PPM).

Commit a386b5af8edd ("time: Compensate for rounding on odd-frequency
clocksources") introduced xtime_remainder to compensate for exactly
this, citing the same 127 PPM ACPI PM example. The compensation is
correct and necessary, but it was applied inside the timekeeping
accumulation in timekeeping.c: subtracted in the mult computation in
timekeeping_adjust() and folded into the ntp_error update in
logarithmic_accumulation(). That keeps the base rate correct and leaves
NTP its full symmetric +/-MAXFREQ range rather than +373/-627 PPM, but
the NTP code in ntp.c never sees it: tick_length is computed without the
correction, so ntp.c's notion of how long a tick is disagrees with the
rate timekeeping actually produces.

Make the offset an explicit part of the NTP tick_length instead. Add
ntp_data::cs_tick_adj, a fixed per-second addend that
ntp_update_frequency() includes alongside ntp_tick_adj and time_freq.
tk_setup_internals() computes it from the difference between the real
cycle_interval duration and the nominal interval, stores it in the
timekeeper, and hands it to NTP through a new argument to ntp_clear() --
which already recomputes the frequency and is invoked after every
clocksource (re)configuration. timekeeping_init() now uses TK_UPDATE_ALL
for this; clearing NTP there is otherwise redundant since ntp_init() has
just initialised it.

ntp.c now computes the true tick rate, giving a single source of truth.
Like ntp_tick_adj, cs_tick_adj stays internal to the kernel: userspace
still sees the nominal 1.000000 ms tick via adjtimex and is unaware of
the addends. timekeeping_adjust() and logarithmic_accumulation() use
ntp_tick / xtime_interval directly, and xtime_remainder is removed.

The base-rate arithmetic is unchanged: ntp_tick becomes
xtime_interval << ntp_error_shift, so the mult division yields the same
base mult and the ntp_error accumulation still nets to zero per tick.

Beyond the cleanup of treating all the tick_length contributions
(nominal interval, ntp_tick_adj, cs_tick_adj, time_freq) consistently
as addends in one place, it also prepares for feed-forward discipline:
a future timekeeping_set_reference() will set tick_length to track an
absolute external reference such as a vmclock, and that path needs
ntp.c to own a tick_length that already reflects the clocksource
quantisation, with no hidden correction applied elsewhere.

Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org>
Assisted-by: Kiro:claude-opus-4.8
Acked-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260621220051.1030462-4-dwmw2@infradead.org
ntp: Rename __do_adjtimex() to ntp_adjtimex() 2025-06-19T12:28:23+00:00 Thomas Gleixner tglx@linutronix.de 2025-05-19T08:33:23+00:00 c7ebfbc440151ae4a66a03b0f879cbece45174c8 Clean up the name space. No functional change. Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Acked-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250519083026.095637820@linutronix.de 
Clean up the name space. No functional change.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250519083026.095637820@linutronix.de
ntp: Add timekeeper ID arguments to public functions 2025-06-19T12:28:23+00:00 Thomas Gleixner tglx@linutronix.de 2025-05-19T08:33:22+00:00 5ffa25f573cf524ff53660c5ff7a158ee10f23c7 In preparation for supporting auxiliary POSIX clocks, add a timekeeper ID to the relevant functions. Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Acked-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250519083026.032425931@linutronix.de 
In preparation for supporting auxiliary POSIX clocks, add a timekeeper ID
to the relevant functions.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: John Stultz <jstultz@google.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20250519083026.032425931@linutronix.de
ntp: Make sure RTC is synchronized when time goes backwards 2024-09-10T11:50:40+00:00 Benjamin ROBIN dev@benjarobin.fr 2024-09-08T14:08:36+00:00 35b603f8a78b0bd51566db277c4f7b56b3ff6bac sync_hw_clock() is normally called every 11 minutes when time is synchronized. This issue is that this periodic timer uses the REALTIME clock, so when time moves backwards (the NTP server jumps into the past), the timer expires late. If the timer expires late, which can be days later, the RTC will no longer be updated, which is an issue if the device is abruptly powered OFF during this period. When the device will restart (when powered ON), it will have the date prior to the ADJ_SETOFFSET call. A normal NTP server should not jump in the past like that, but it is possible... Another way of reproducing this issue is to use phc2sys to synchronize the REALTIME clock with, for example, an IRIG timecode with the source always starting at the same date (not synchronized). Also, if the time jump in the future by less than 11 minutes, the RTC may not be updated immediately (minor issue). Consider the following scenario: - Time is synchronized, and sync_hw_clock() was just called (the timer expires in 11 minutes). - A time jump is realized in the future by a couple of minutes. - The time is synchronized again. - Users may expect that RTC to be updated as soon as possible, and not after 11 minutes (for the same reason, if a power loss occurs in this period). Cancel periodic timer on any time jump (ADJ_SETOFFSET) greater than or equal to 1s. The timer will be relaunched at the end of do_adjtimex() if NTP is still considered synced. Otherwise the timer will be relaunched later when NTP is synced. This way, when the time is synchronized again, the RTC is updated after less than 2 seconds. Signed-off-by: Benjamin ROBIN <dev@benjarobin.fr> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20240908140836.203911-1-dev@benjarobin.fr 
sync_hw_clock() is normally called every 11 minutes when time is
synchronized. This issue is that this periodic timer uses the REALTIME
clock, so when time moves backwards (the NTP server jumps into the past),
the timer expires late.

If the timer expires late, which can be days later, the RTC will no longer
be updated, which is an issue if the device is abruptly powered OFF during
this period. When the device will restart (when powered ON), it will have
the date prior to the ADJ_SETOFFSET call.

A normal NTP server should not jump in the past like that, but it is
possible... Another way of reproducing this issue is to use phc2sys to
synchronize the REALTIME clock with, for example, an IRIG timecode with
the source always starting at the same date (not synchronized).

Also, if the time jump in the future by less than 11 minutes, the RTC may
not be updated immediately (minor issue). Consider the following scenario:
 - Time is synchronized, and sync_hw_clock() was just called (the timer
   expires in 11 minutes).
 - A time jump is realized in the future by a couple of minutes.
 - The time is synchronized again.
 - Users may expect that RTC to be updated as soon as possible, and not
   after 11 minutes (for the same reason, if a power loss occurs in this
   period).

Cancel periodic timer on any time jump (ADJ_SETOFFSET) greater than or
equal to 1s. The timer will be relaunched at the end of do_adjtimex() if
NTP is still considered synced. Otherwise the timer will be relaunched
later when NTP is synced. This way, when the time is synchronized again,
the RTC is updated after less than 2 seconds.

Signed-off-by: Benjamin ROBIN <dev@benjarobin.fr>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20240908140836.203911-1-dev@benjarobin.fr
ntp: Make the RTC synchronization more reliable 2020-12-11T09:40:52+00:00 Thomas Gleixner tglx@linutronix.de 2020-12-06T21:46:18+00:00 c9e6189fb03123a7dfb93589280347b46f30b161 Miroslav reported that the periodic RTC synchronization in the NTP code fails more often than not to hit the specified update window. The reason is that the code uses delayed_work to schedule the update which needs to be in thread context as the underlying RTC might be connected via a slow bus, e.g. I2C. In the update function it verifies whether the current time is correct vs. the requirements of the underlying RTC. But delayed_work is using the timer wheel for scheduling which is inaccurate by design. Depending on the distance to the expiry the wheel gets less granular to allow batching and to avoid the cascading of the original timer wheel. See 500462a9de65 ("timers: Switch to a non-cascading wheel") and the code for further details. The code already deals with this by splitting the 660 seconds period into a long 659 seconds timer and then retrying with a smaller delta. But looking at the actual granularities of the timer wheel (which depend on the HZ configuration) the 659 seconds timer ends up in an outer wheel level and is affected by a worst case granularity of: HZ Granularity 1000 32s 250 16s 100 40s So the initial timer can be already off by max 12.5% which is not a big issue as the period of the sync is defined as ~11 minutes. The fine grained second attempt schedules to the desired update point with a timer expiring less than a second from now. Depending on the actual delta and the HZ setting even the second attempt can end up in outer wheel levels which have a large enough granularity to make the correctness check fail. As this is a fundamental property of the timer wheel there is no way to make this more accurate short of iterating in one jiffies steps towards the update point. Switch it to an hrtimer instead which schedules the actual update work. The hrtimer will expire precisely (max 1 jiffie delay when high resolution timers are not available). The actual scheduling delay of the work is the same as before. The update is triggered from do_adjtimex() which is a bit racy but not much more racy than it was before: if (ntp_synced()) queue_delayed_work(system_power_efficient_wq, &sync_work, 0); which is racy when the work is currently executed and has not managed to reschedule itself. This becomes now: if (ntp_synced() && !hrtimer_is_queued(&sync_hrtimer)) queue_work(system_power_efficient_wq, &sync_work, 0); which is racy when the hrtimer has expired and the work is currently executed and has not yet managed to rearm the hrtimer. Not a big problem as it just schedules work for nothing. The new implementation has a safe guard in place to catch the case where the hrtimer is queued on entry to the work function and avoids an extra update attempt of the RTC that way. Reported-by: Miroslav Lichvar <mlichvar@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Tested-by: Miroslav Lichvar <mlichvar@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com> Acked-by: Alexandre Belloni <alexandre.belloni@bootlin.com> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201206220542.062910520@linutronix.de 
Miroslav reported that the periodic RTC synchronization in the NTP code
fails more often than not to hit the specified update window.

The reason is that the code uses delayed_work to schedule the update which
needs to be in thread context as the underlying RTC might be connected via
a slow bus, e.g. I2C. In the update function it verifies whether the
current time is correct vs. the requirements of the underlying RTC.

But delayed_work is using the timer wheel for scheduling which is
inaccurate by design. Depending on the distance to the expiry the wheel
gets less granular to allow batching and to avoid the cascading of the
original timer wheel. See 500462a9de65 ("timers: Switch to a non-cascading
wheel") and the code for further details.

The code already deals with this by splitting the 660 seconds period into a
long 659 seconds timer and then retrying with a smaller delta.

But looking at the actual granularities of the timer wheel (which depend on
the HZ configuration) the 659 seconds timer ends up in an outer wheel level
and is affected by a worst case granularity of:

HZ          Granularity
1000        32s
 250        16s
 100        40s

So the initial timer can be already off by max 12.5% which is not a big
issue as the period of the sync is defined as ~11 minutes.

The fine grained second attempt schedules to the desired update point with
a timer expiring less than a second from now. Depending on the actual delta
and the HZ setting even the second attempt can end up in outer wheel levels
which have a large enough granularity to make the correctness check fail.

As this is a fundamental property of the timer wheel there is no way to
make this more accurate short of iterating in one jiffies steps towards the
update point.

Switch it to an hrtimer instead which schedules the actual update work. The
hrtimer will expire precisely (max 1 jiffie delay when high resolution
timers are not available). The actual scheduling delay of the work is the
same as before.

The update is triggered from do_adjtimex() which is a bit racy but not much
more racy than it was before:

     if (ntp_synced())
     	queue_delayed_work(system_power_efficient_wq, &sync_work, 0);

which is racy when the work is currently executed and has not managed to
reschedule itself.

This becomes now:

     if (ntp_synced() && !hrtimer_is_queued(&sync_hrtimer))
     	queue_work(system_power_efficient_wq, &sync_work, 0);

which is racy when the hrtimer has expired and the work is currently
executed and has not yet managed to rearm the hrtimer.

Not a big problem as it just schedules work for nothing.

The new implementation has a safe guard in place to catch the case where
the hrtimer is queued on entry to the work function and avoids an extra
update attempt of the RTC that way.

Reported-by: Miroslav Lichvar <mlichvar@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Miroslav Lichvar <mlichvar@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Acked-by: Alexandre Belloni <alexandre.belloni@bootlin.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201206220542.062910520@linutronix.de
ntp: Audit NTP parameters adjustment 2019-04-15T22:14:01+00:00 Ondrej Mosnacek omosnace@redhat.com 2019-04-10T09:14:20+00:00 7e8eda734d30de81d06a949c9bf9853c445ede4e Emit an audit record every time selected NTP parameters are modified from userspace (via adjtimex(2) or clock_adjtime(2)). These parameters may be used to indirectly change system clock, and thus their modifications should be audited. Such events will now generate records of type AUDIT_TIME_ADJNTPVAL containing the following fields: - op -- which value was adjusted: - offset -- corresponding to the time_offset variable - freq -- corresponding to the time_freq variable - status -- corresponding to the time_status variable - adjust -- corresponding to the time_adjust variable - tick -- corresponding to the tick_usec variable - tai -- corresponding to the timekeeping's TAI offset - old -- the old value - new -- the new value Example records: type=TIME_ADJNTPVAL msg=audit(1530616044.507:7): op=status old=64 new=8256 type=TIME_ADJNTPVAL msg=audit(1530616044.511:11): op=freq old=0 new=49180377088000 The records of this type will be associated with the corresponding syscall records. An overview of parameter changes that can be done via do_adjtimex() (based on information from Miroslav Lichvar) and whether they are audited: __timekeeping_set_tai_offset() -- sets the offset from the International Atomic Time (AUDITED) NTP variables: time_offset -- can adjust the clock by up to 0.5 seconds per call and also speed it up or slow down by up to about 0.05% (43 seconds per day) (AUDITED) time_freq -- can speed up or slow down by up to about 0.05% (AUDITED) time_status -- can insert/delete leap seconds and it also enables/ disables synchronization of the hardware real-time clock (AUDITED) time_maxerror, time_esterror -- change error estimates used to inform userspace applications (NOT AUDITED) time_constant -- controls the speed of the clock adjustments that are made when time_offset is set (NOT AUDITED) time_adjust -- can temporarily speed up or slow down the clock by up to 0.05% (AUDITED) tick_usec -- a more extreme version of time_freq; can speed up or slow down the clock by up to 10% (AUDITED) Signed-off-by: Ondrej Mosnacek <omosnace@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Richard Guy Briggs <rgb@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com> 
Emit an audit record every time selected NTP parameters are modified
from userspace (via adjtimex(2) or clock_adjtime(2)). These parameters
may be used to indirectly change system clock, and thus their
modifications should be audited.

Such events will now generate records of type AUDIT_TIME_ADJNTPVAL
containing the following fields:
  - op -- which value was adjusted:
    - offset -- corresponding to the time_offset variable
    - freq   -- corresponding to the time_freq variable
    - status -- corresponding to the time_status variable
    - adjust -- corresponding to the time_adjust variable
    - tick   -- corresponding to the tick_usec variable
    - tai    -- corresponding to the timekeeping's TAI offset
  - old -- the old value
  - new -- the new value

Example records:

type=TIME_ADJNTPVAL msg=audit(1530616044.507:7): op=status old=64 new=8256
type=TIME_ADJNTPVAL msg=audit(1530616044.511:11): op=freq old=0 new=49180377088000

The records of this type will be associated with the corresponding
syscall records.

An overview of parameter changes that can be done via do_adjtimex()
(based on information from Miroslav Lichvar) and whether they are
audited:
  __timekeeping_set_tai_offset() -- sets the offset from the
                                    International Atomic Time
                                    (AUDITED)
  NTP variables:
    time_offset -- can adjust the clock by up to 0.5 seconds per call
                   and also speed it up or slow down by up to about
                   0.05% (43 seconds per day) (AUDITED)
    time_freq -- can speed up or slow down by up to about 0.05%
                 (AUDITED)
    time_status -- can insert/delete leap seconds and it also enables/
                   disables synchronization of the hardware real-time
                   clock (AUDITED)
    time_maxerror, time_esterror -- change error estimates used to
                                    inform userspace applications
                                    (NOT AUDITED)
    time_constant -- controls the speed of the clock adjustments that
                     are made when time_offset is set (NOT AUDITED)
    time_adjust -- can temporarily speed up or slow down the clock by up
                   to 0.05% (AUDITED)
    tick_usec -- a more extreme version of time_freq; can speed up or
                 slow down the clock by up to 10% (AUDITED)

Signed-off-by: Ondrej Mosnacek <omosnace@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Richard Guy Briggs <rgb@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Paul Moore <paul@paul-moore.com>
timex: use __kernel_timex internally 2019-02-06T23:13:27+00:00 Deepa Dinamani deepa.kernel@gmail.com 2018-07-03T05:44:21+00:00 ead25417f82ed7f8a21da4dcefc768169f7da884 struct timex is not y2038 safe. Replace all uses of timex with y2038 safe __kernel_timex. Note that struct __kernel_timex is an ABI interface definition. We could define a new structure based on __kernel_timex that is only available internally instead. Right now, there isn't a strong motivation for this as the structure is isolated to a few defined struct timex interfaces and such a structure would be exactly the same as struct timex. The patch was generated by the following coccinelle script: virtual patch @depends on patch forall@ identifier ts; expression e; @@ ( - struct timex ts; + struct __kernel_timex ts; | - struct timex ts = {}; + struct __kernel_timex ts = {}; | - struct timex ts = e; + struct __kernel_timex ts = e; | - struct timex *ts; + struct __kernel_timex *ts; | (memset \| copy_from_user \| copy_to_user \)(..., - sizeof(struct timex)) + sizeof(struct __kernel_timex)) ) @depends on patch forall@ identifier ts; identifier fn; @@ fn(..., - struct timex *ts, + struct __kernel_timex *ts, ...) { ... } @depends on patch forall@ identifier ts; identifier fn; @@ fn(..., - struct timex *ts) { + struct __kernel_timex *ts) { ... } Signed-off-by: Deepa Dinamani <deepa.kernel@gmail.com> Cc: linux-alpha@vger.kernel.org Cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> 
struct timex is not y2038 safe.
Replace all uses of timex with y2038 safe __kernel_timex.

Note that struct __kernel_timex is an ABI interface definition.
We could define a new structure based on __kernel_timex that
is only available internally instead. Right now, there isn't
a strong motivation for this as the structure is isolated to
a few defined struct timex interfaces and such a structure would
be exactly the same as struct timex.

The patch was generated by the following coccinelle script:

virtual patch

@depends on patch forall@
identifier ts;
expression e;
@@
(
- struct timex ts;
+ struct __kernel_timex ts;
|
- struct timex ts = {};
+ struct __kernel_timex ts = {};
|
- struct timex ts = e;
+ struct __kernel_timex ts = e;
|
- struct timex *ts;
+ struct __kernel_timex *ts;
|
(memset \| copy_from_user \| copy_to_user \)(...,
- sizeof(struct timex))
+ sizeof(struct __kernel_timex))
)

@depends on patch forall@
identifier ts;
identifier fn;
@@
fn(...,
- struct timex *ts,
+ struct __kernel_timex *ts,
...) {
...
}

@depends on patch forall@
identifier ts;
identifier fn;
@@
fn(...,
- struct timex *ts) {
+ struct __kernel_timex *ts) {
...
}

Signed-off-by: Deepa Dinamani <deepa.kernel@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-alpha@vger.kernel.org
Cc: netdev@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
timekeeping/ntp: Constify some function arguments 2018-07-20T00:08:05+00:00 Ondrej Mosnacek omosnace@redhat.com 2018-07-13T12:06:42+00:00 985e695074d35768cb04d65f58bca45f7bf1a99d Add 'const' to some function arguments and variables to make it easier to read the code. Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Miroslav Lichvar <mlichvar@redhat.com> Cc: Richard Cochran <richardcochran@gmail.com> Cc: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com> Cc: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Ondrej Mosnacek <omosnace@redhat.com> [jstultz: Also fixup pre-existing checkpatch warnings for prototype arguments with no variable name] Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org> 
Add 'const' to some function arguments and variables to make it easier
to read the code.

Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Miroslav Lichvar <mlichvar@redhat.com>
Cc: Richard Cochran <richardcochran@gmail.com>
Cc: Prarit Bhargava <prarit@redhat.com>
Cc: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ondrej Mosnacek <omosnace@redhat.com>
[jstultz: Also fixup pre-existing checkpatch warnings for
 prototype arguments with no variable name]
Signed-off-by: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Merge branch 'timers-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip 2017-11-14T01:56:58+00:00 Linus Torvalds torvalds@linux-foundation.org 2017-11-14T01:56:58+00:00 2bcc673101268dc50e52b83226c5bbf38391e16d Pull timer updates from Thomas Gleixner: "Yet another big pile of changes: - More year 2038 work from Arnd slowly reaching the point where we need to think about the syscalls themself. - A new timer function which allows to conditionally (re)arm a timer only when it's either not running or the new expiry time is sooner than the armed expiry time. This allows to use a single timer for multiple timeout requirements w/o caring about the first expiry time at the call site. - A new NMI safe accessor to clock real time for the printk timestamp work. Can be used by tracing, perf as well if required. - A large number of timer setup conversions from Kees which got collected here because either maintainers requested so or they simply got ignored. As Kees pointed out already there are a few trivial merge conflicts and some redundant commits which was unavoidable due to the size of this conversion effort. - Avoid a redundant iteration in the timer wheel softirq processing. - Provide a mechanism to treat RTC implementations depending on their hardware properties, i.e. don't inflict the write at the 0.5 seconds boundary which originates from the PC CMOS RTC to all RTCs. No functional change as drivers need to be updated separately. - The usual small updates to core code clocksource drivers. Nothing really exciting" * 'timers-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (111 commits) timers: Add a function to start/reduce a timer pstore: Use ktime_get_real_fast_ns() instead of __getnstimeofday() timer: Prepare to change all DEFINE_TIMER() callbacks netfilter: ipvs: Convert timers to use timer_setup() scsi: qla2xxx: Convert timers to use timer_setup() block/aoe: discover_timer: Convert timers to use timer_setup() ide: Convert timers to use timer_setup() drbd: Convert timers to use timer_setup() mailbox: Convert timers to use timer_setup() crypto: Convert timers to use timer_setup() drivers/pcmcia: omap1: Fix error in automated timer conversion ARM: footbridge: Fix typo in timer conversion drivers/sgi-xp: Convert timers to use timer_setup() drivers/pcmcia: Convert timers to use timer_setup() drivers/memstick: Convert timers to use timer_setup() drivers/macintosh: Convert timers to use timer_setup() hwrng/xgene-rng: Convert timers to use timer_setup() auxdisplay: Convert timers to use timer_setup() sparc/led: Convert timers to use timer_setup() mips: ip22/32: Convert timers to use timer_setup() ... 
Pull timer updates from Thomas Gleixner:
 "Yet another big pile of changes:

   - More year 2038 work from Arnd slowly reaching the point where we
     need to think about the syscalls themself.

   - A new timer function which allows to conditionally (re)arm a timer
     only when it's either not running or the new expiry time is sooner
     than the armed expiry time. This allows to use a single timer for
     multiple timeout requirements w/o caring about the first expiry
     time at the call site.

   - A new NMI safe accessor to clock real time for the printk timestamp
     work. Can be used by tracing, perf as well if required.

   - A large number of timer setup conversions from Kees which got
     collected here because either maintainers requested so or they
     simply got ignored. As Kees pointed out already there are a few
     trivial merge conflicts and some redundant commits which was
     unavoidable due to the size of this conversion effort.

   - Avoid a redundant iteration in the timer wheel softirq processing.

   - Provide a mechanism to treat RTC implementations depending on their
     hardware properties, i.e. don't inflict the write at the 0.5
     seconds boundary which originates from the PC CMOS RTC to all RTCs.
     No functional change as drivers need to be updated separately.

   - The usual small updates to core code clocksource drivers. Nothing
     really exciting"

* 'timers-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (111 commits)
  timers: Add a function to start/reduce a timer
  pstore: Use ktime_get_real_fast_ns() instead of __getnstimeofday()
  timer: Prepare to change all DEFINE_TIMER() callbacks
  netfilter: ipvs: Convert timers to use timer_setup()
  scsi: qla2xxx: Convert timers to use timer_setup()
  block/aoe: discover_timer: Convert timers to use timer_setup()
  ide: Convert timers to use timer_setup()
  drbd: Convert timers to use timer_setup()
  mailbox: Convert timers to use timer_setup()
  crypto: Convert timers to use timer_setup()
  drivers/pcmcia: omap1: Fix error in automated timer conversion
  ARM: footbridge: Fix typo in timer conversion
  drivers/sgi-xp: Convert timers to use timer_setup()
  drivers/pcmcia: Convert timers to use timer_setup()
  drivers/memstick: Convert timers to use timer_setup()
  drivers/macintosh: Convert timers to use timer_setup()
  hwrng/xgene-rng: Convert timers to use timer_setup()
  auxdisplay: Convert timers to use timer_setup()
  sparc/led: Convert timers to use timer_setup()
  mips: ip22/32: Convert timers to use timer_setup()
  ...