The actual internal pipe implementation is already really about
individual packets (called "pipe buffers"), and this simply exposes that
as a special packetized mode.

When we are in the packetized mode (marked by O_DIRECT as suggested by
Alan Cox), a write() on a pipe will not merge the new data with previous
writes, so each write will get a pipe buffer of its own.  The pipe
buffer is then marked with the PIPE_BUF_FLAG_PACKET flag, which in turn
will tell the reader side to break the read at that boundary (and throw
away any partial packet contents that do not fit in the read buffer).

End result: as long as you do writes less than PIPE_BUF in size (so that
the pipe doesn't have to split them up), you can now treat the pipe as a
packet interface, where each read() system call will read one packet at
a time.  You can just use a sufficiently big read buffer (PIPE_BUF is
sufficient, since bigger than that doesn't guarantee atomicity anyway),
and the return value of the read() will naturally give you the size of
the packet.

NOTE! We do not support zero-sized packets, and zero-sized reads and
writes to a pipe continue to be no-ops.  Also note that big packets will
currently be split at write time, but that the size at which that
happens is not really specified (except that it's bigger than PIPE_BUF).
Currently that limit is the system page size, but we might want to
explicitly support bigger packets some day.

The main user for this is going to be the autofs packet interface,
allowing us to stop having to care so deeply about exact packet sizes
(which have had bugs with 32/64-bit compatibility modes).  But user
space can create packetized pipes with "pipe2(fd, O_DIRECT)", which will
fail with an EINVAL on kernels that do not support this interface.

Tested-by: Michael Tokarev <mjt@tls.msk.ru>
Cc: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Cc: David Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Cc: Thomas Meyer <thomas@m3y3r.de>
Cc: stable@kernel.org  # needed for systemd/autofs interaction fix
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pull USB fixes from Greg Kroah-Hartman:
 "Here are a number of small USB fixes for 3.4-rc5.

  Nothing major, as before, some USB gadget fixes.  There's a crash fix
  for a number of ASUS laptops on resume that had been reported by a
  number of different people.  We think the fix might also pertain to
  other machines, as this was a BIOS bug, and they seem to travel to
  different models and manufacturers quite easily.  Other than that,
  some other reported problems fixed as well."

* tag 'usb-3.4-rc5' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/usb:
  usb: gadget: udc-core: fix incompatibility with dummy-hcd
  usb: gadget: udc-core: fix wrong call order
  USB: cdc-wdm: fix race leading leading to memory corruption
  USB: EHCI: fix crash during suspend on ASUS computers
  usb gadget: uvc: uvc_request_data::length field must be signed
  usb: gadget: dummy: do not call pullup() on udc_stop()
  usb: musb: davinci.c: add missing unregister
  usb: musb: drop __deprecated flag
  USB: gadget: storage gadgets send wrong error code for unknown commands
  usb: otg: gpio_vbus: Add otg transceiver events and notifiers

Pull ARM SoC fixes from Olof Johansson:
 "Nothing controversial, just another batch of fixes:

   - Samsung/exynos fixes for more merge window fallout: build errors
     and warnings mostly, but also some clock/device setup issues on
     exynos4/5
   - PXA bug and warning fixes related to gpio and pinmux
   - IRQ domain conversion bugfixes for U300 and MSM
   - A regulator setup fix for U300"

* tag 'fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/arm/arm-soc:
  ARM: PXA2xx: MFP: fix potential direction bug
  ARM: PXA2xx: MFP: fix bug with MFP_LPM_KEEP_OUTPUT
  arm/sa1100: fix sa1100-rtc memory resource
  ARM: pxa: fix gpio wakeup setting
  ARM: SAMSUNG: add missing MMC_CAP2_BROKEN_VOLTAGE capability
  ARM: EXYNOS: Fix compilation error when CONFIG_OF is not defined
  ARM: EXYNOS: Fix resource on dev-dwmci.c
  ARM: S3C24XX: Fix build warning for S3C2410_PM
  ARM: mini2440_defconfig: Fix build error
  ARM: msm: Fix gic irqdomain support
  ARM: EXYNOS: Fix incorrect initialization of GIC
  ARM: EXYNOS: use 'exynos4-sdhci' as device name for sdhci controllers
  ARM: u300: bump all IRQ numbers by one
  ARM: ux300: Fix unimplementable regulation constraints

Pull misc SPI device driver bug fixes from Grant Likely.

* tag 'spi-for-linus' of git://git.secretlab.ca/git/linux-2.6:
  spi/spi-bfin5xx: Fix flush of last bit after each spi transfer
  spi/spi-bfin5xx: fix reversed if condition in interrupt mode
  spi/spi_bfin_sport: drop bits_per_word from client data
  spi/bfin_spi: drop bits_per_word from client data
  spi/spi-bfin-sport: move word length setup to transfer handler
  spi/bfin5xx: rename config macro name for bfin5xx spi controller driver
  spi/pl022: Allow request for higher frequency than maximum possible
  spi/bcm63xx: set master driver mode_bits.
  spi/bcm63xx: don't use the stopping state
  spi/bcm63xx: convert to the pump message infrastructure
  spi/spi-ep93xx.c: use dma_transfer_direction instead of dma_data_direction
  spi: fix spi.h kernel-doc warning
  spi/pl022: Fix calculate_effective_freq()
  spi/pl022: Fix range checking for bits per word

Fix kernel-doc warning in spi.h (copy/paste):

Warning(include/linux/spi/spi.h:365): No description found for parameter 'unprepare_transfer_hardware'

Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@xenotime.net>
Signed-off-by: Grant Likely <grant.likely@secretlab.ca>

In 3.3, gpio wakeup setting was broken. The call
enable_irq_wake() didn't set up the PXA gpio registers
(PWER, ...) anymore.

Fix it at least for pxa27x. The driver doesn't seem to be
used in pxa25x (weird ...), and the fix doesn't extend to
pxa3xx and pxa95x (which don't have a gpio_set_wake()
available).

Signed-off-by: Robert Jarzmik <robert.jarzmik@free.fr>
Signed-off-by: Haojian Zhuang <haojian.zhuang@gmail.com>

Merge fixes from Andrew Morton:
 "13 fixes.  The acerhdf patches aren't (really) fixes.  But they've
  been stuck in my tree for up to two years, sent to Matthew multiple
  times and the developers are unhappy."

* emailed from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (13 patches)
  mm: fix NULL ptr dereference in move_pages
  mm: fix NULL ptr dereference in migrate_pages
  revert "proc: clear_refs: do not clear reserved pages"
  drivers/rtc/rtc-ds1307.c: fix BUG shown with lock debugging enabled
  arch/arm/mach-ux500/mbox-db5500.c: world-writable sysfs fifo file
  hugetlbfs: lockdep annotate root inode properly
  acerhdf: lowered default temp fanon/fanoff values
  acerhdf: add support for new hardware
  acerhdf: add support for Aspire 1410 BIOS v1.3314
  fs/buffer.c: remove BUG() in possible but rare condition
  mm: fix up the vmscan stat in vmstat
  epoll: clear the tfile_check_list on -ELOOP
  mm/hugetlb: fix warning in alloc_huge_page/dequeue_huge_page_vma

Pull NFS client bugfixes from Trond Myklebust:
 - Fix NFSv4 infinite loops on open(O_TRUNC)
 - Fix an Oops and an infinite loop in the NFSv4 flock code
 - Don't register the PipeFS filesystem until it has been set up
 - Fix an Oops in nfs_try_to_update_request
 - Don't reuse NFSv4 open owners: fixes a bad sequence id storm.

* tag 'nfs-for-3.4-3' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/linux-nfs:
  NFSv4: Keep dropped state owners on the LRU list for a while
  NFSv4: Ensure that we don't drop a state owner more than once
  NFSv4: Ensure we do not reuse open owner names
  nfs: Enclose hostname in brackets when needed in nfs_do_root_mount
  NFS: put open context on error in nfs_flush_multi
  NFS: put open context on error in nfs_pagein_multi
  NFSv4: Fix open(O_TRUNC) and ftruncate() error handling
  NFSv4: Ensure that we check lock exclusive/shared type against open modes
  NFSv4: Ensure that the LOCK code sets exception->inode
  NFS: check for req==NULL in nfs_try_to_update_request cleanup
  SUNRPC: register PipeFS file system after pernet sybsystem

Pull x86 fixes from H. Peter Anvin.

* 'x86-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x32, siginfo: Provide proper overrides for x32 siginfo_t
  asm-generic: Allow overriding clock_t and add attributes to siginfo_t
  x32: Check __ILP32__ instead of __LP64__ for x32
  x86, acpi: Call acpi_enter_sleep_state via an asmlinkage C function from assembler
  ACPI: Convert wake_sleep_flags to a value instead of function
  x86, apic: APIC code touches invalid MSR on P5 class machines
  i387: ptrace breaks the lazy-fpu-restore logic
  x86/platform: Remove incorrect error message in x86_default_fixup_cpu_id()
  x86, efi: Add dedicated EFI stub entry point
  x86/amd: Remove broken links from comment and kernel message
  x86, microcode: Ensure that module is only loaded on supported AMD CPUs
  x86, microcode: Fix sysfs warning during module unload on unsupported CPUs

The "pgsteal" stat is confusing because it counts both direct reclaim as
well as background reclaim.  However, we have "kswapd_steal" which also
counts background reclaim value.

This patch fixes it and also makes it match the existng "pgscan_" stats.

Test:
pgsteal_kswapd_dma32 447623
pgsteal_kswapd_normal 42272677
pgsteal_kswapd_movable 0
pgsteal_direct_dma32 2801
pgsteal_direct_normal 44353270
pgsteal_direct_movable 0

Signed-off-by: Ying Han <yinghan@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Acked-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dan Magenheimer <dan.magenheimer@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>