Changes:

Make expedited grace periods expedite normal RCU callbacks

Miscellaneous fixes:
 * Improve diagnostic output with character task states.
 * Mark accesses to inform KCSAN of concurrency design.
 * Move from kmalloc() to kmalloc_obj().
 * Documentation updates.
 * Improve handling of RCU deferred quiescent states.
 * Clean up unused function arguments and structure fields.
 * Reduce show_rcu_gp_kthreads() stack space.

Tasks RCU updates:
 * Clean up after SRCU re-implementation of Tasks Trace RCU.
 * Mark accesses to inform KCSAN of concurrency design.
 * Add ->lazy_timer status to diagnostic output.
 * Remove an unnecessary memory barrier.
 * Fix a data race, courtesy of KCSAN.
 * Documentation updates.
 * Convert cond_resched_tasks_rcu_qs() from macro to static inline
   function.

SRCU updates:
 * Add Rust helpers for SRCU.
 * Avoid losing queued work at cleanup_srcu_struct() time.

Torture-test updates:
 * Preparation work for immediate RCU priority deboosting.
 * Test RCU readers from real interrupt handlers (as opposed to softirq).
 * Simplify code through use of cpumask_next_wrap().
 * Improve diagnostic output with character task states.
 * Add rcutorture.nwriters parameter to allow lightweight stall testing,
   and rcutorture.stall_only to make doing so easier.
 * Test an RCU Tasks Trace grace period implying an RCU grace period.
 * Make RCU Tasks Trace torturing track reader batches.
 * Fix a data race, courtesy of KCSAN.
 * Plug a shuffle_tmp_mask memory leak on kthread spawn failure.

This commit adds the ->get_sp_seq and ->gp_diff fields to the
tasks_tracing_ops structure so that RCU Tasks Trace rcutorture runs will
track Reader Batch.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

As noted by Marco Elver:

rcu_read_lock_trace()
   ....
t->trc_reader_scp = __srcu_read_lock_fast(&rcu_tasks_trace_srcu_struct);
	<interrupt>
					rcu_read_unlock_trace()
					< ... var decls only ... >
					scp = t->trc_reader_scp;

This constitutes a data race between these two accesses to
t->trc_reader_scp.  If rcu_read_lock_trace() were to tear its store,
this value would be corrupted.

This commit therefore defers the rcu_read_lock_untrace() function's
load from t->trc_reader_scp until after it has verified that this is
the outermost rcu_read_unlock_trace().  With this change, the interrupt
handler increments and decrements t->trc_reader_nesting and does not
access t->trc_reader_scp, thus avoiding the data race.

KCSAN located this issue.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

Now that rcutorture tests readers from interrupt handlers, KCSAN spotted
an additional data race.  This commit therefore fixes it by applying
READ_ONCE() and WRITE_ONCE().

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>

This commit creates an rcu_tasks_trace_expedite_current() function
that expedites the current (and possibly the next) RCU Tasks Trace
grace period.

If the current RCU Tasks Trace grace period is already waiting, that wait
will complete before the expediting takes effect.  If there is no RCU
Tasks Trace  grace period in flight, this function might well create one.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Cc: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: bpf@vger.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes <joelagnelf@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>

When expressing RCU Tasks Trace in terms of SRCU-fast, it was
necessary to keep a nesting count and per-CPU srcu_ctr structure
pointer in the task_struct structure, which is slow to access.
But an alternative is to instead make rcu_read_lock_tasks_trace() and
rcu_read_unlock_tasks_trace(), which match the underlying SRCU-fast
semantics, avoiding the task_struct accesses.

When all callers have switched to the new API, the previous
rcu_read_lock_trace() and rcu_read_unlock_trace() APIs will be removed.

The rcu_read_{,un}lock_{,tasks_}trace() functions need to use smp_mb()
only if invoked where RCU is not watching, that is, from locations where
a call to rcu_is_watching() would return false.  In architectures that
define the ARCH_WANTS_NO_INSTR Kconfig option, use of noinstr and friends
ensures that tracing happens only where RCU is watching, so those
architectures can dispense entirely with the read-side calls to smp_mb().

Other architectures include these read-side calls by default, but in many
installations there might be either larger than average tolerance for
risk, prohibition of removing tracing on a running system, or careful
review and approval of removing of tracing.  Such installations can
build their kernels with CONFIG_TASKS_TRACE_RCU_NO_MB=y to avoid those
read-side calls to smp_mb(), thus accepting responsibility for run-time
removal of tracing from code regions that RCU is not watching.

Those wishing to disable read-side memory barriers for an entire
architecture can select this TASKS_TRACE_RCU_NO_MB Kconfig option,
hence the polarity.

[ paulmck: Apply Peter Zijlstra feedback. ]

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Cc: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: bpf@vger.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes <joelagnelf@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>

Now that RCU Tasks Trace has been re-implemented in terms of SRCU-fast,
the ->trc_ipi_to_cpu, ->trc_blkd_cpu, ->trc_blkd_node, ->trc_holdout_list,
and ->trc_reader_special task_struct fields are no longer used.

In addition, the rcu_tasks_trace_qs(), rcu_tasks_trace_qs_blkd(),
exit_tasks_rcu_finish_trace(), and rcu_spawn_tasks_trace_kthread(),
show_rcu_tasks_trace_gp_kthread(), rcu_tasks_trace_get_gp_data(),
rcu_tasks_trace_torture_stats_print(), and get_rcu_tasks_trace_gp_kthread()
functions and all the other functions that they invoke are no longer used.

Also, the TRC_NEED_QS and TRC_NEED_QS_CHECKED CPP macros are no longer used.
Neither are the rcu_tasks_trace_lazy_ms and rcu_task_ipi_delay rcupdate
module parameters and the TASKS_TRACE_RCU_READ_MB Kconfig option.

This commit therefore removes all of them.

[ paulmck: Apply Alexei Starovoitov feedback. ]

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Cc: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: bpf@vger.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes <joelagnelf@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>

This commit saves more than 500 lines of RCU code by re-implementing
RCU Tasks Trace in terms of SRCU-fast.  Follow-up work will remove
more code that does not cause problems by its presence, but that is no
longer required.

This variant places smp_mb() in rcu_read_{,un}lock_trace(), and in the
same place that srcu_read_{,un}lock() would put them. These smp_mb()
calls will be removed on common-case architectures in a later commit.
In the meantime, it serves to enforce ordering between the underlying
srcu_read_{,un}lock_fast() markers and the intervening critical section,
even on architectures that permit attaching tracepoints on regions of
code not watched by RCU.  Such architectures defeat SRCU-fast's use of
implicit single-instruction, interrupts-disabled, and atomic-operation
RCU read-side critical sections, which have no effect when RCU is not
watching.  The aforementioned later commit will insert these smp_mb()
calls only on architectures that have not used noinstr to prevent
attaching tracepoints to code where RCU is not watching.

[ paulmck: Apply kernel test robot, Boqun Feng, and Zqiang feedback. ]
[ paulmck: Split out Tiny SRCU fixes per Andrii Nakryiko feedback. ]

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Tested-by: kernel test robot <oliver.sang@intel.com>
Cc: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii@kernel.org>
Cc: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: bpf@vger.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Joel Fernandes <joelagnelf@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Boqun Feng <boqun.feng@gmail.com>

Define a rcu_tasks_trace lock guard for use by the syscall enter/exit
tracepoints.

Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Michael Jeanson <mjeanson@efficios.com>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
Cc: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@kernel.org>
Cc: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrii Nakryiko <andrii.nakryiko@gmail.com>
Cc: bpf@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Joel Fernandes <joel@joelfernandes.org>
Cc: Jordan Rife <jrife@google.com>
Cc: linux-trace-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/20241123153031.2884933-4-mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com
Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers <mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>

This commit adds the ability to output the CPU time consumed by the
grace-period kthread for the RCU variant under test.  The CPU time is
whatever is in the designated task's current->stime field, and thus is
controlled by whatever CPU-time accounting scheme is in effect.

This output appears in microseconds as follows on the console:

rcu_scale: Grace-period kthread CPU time: 42367.037

[ paulmck: Apply feedback from Stephen Rothwell and kernel test robot. ]

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Yujie Liu <yujie.liu@intel.com>