This is a pure automated search-and-replace of the internal kernel
superblock flags.

The s_flags are now called SB_*, with the names and the values for the
moment mirroring the MS_* flags that they're equivalent to.

Note how the MS_xyz flags are the ones passed to the mount system call,
while the SB_xyz flags are what we then use in sb->s_flags.

The script to do this was:

    # places to look in; re security/*: it generally should *not* be
    # touched (that stuff parses mount(2) arguments directly), but
    # there are two places where we really deal with superblock flags.
    FILES="drivers/mtd drivers/staging/lustre fs ipc mm \
            include/linux/fs.h include/uapi/linux/bfs_fs.h \
            security/apparmor/apparmorfs.c security/apparmor/include/lib.h"
    # the list of MS_... constants
    SYMS="RDONLY NOSUID NODEV NOEXEC SYNCHRONOUS REMOUNT MANDLOCK \
          DIRSYNC NOATIME NODIRATIME BIND MOVE REC VERBOSE SILENT \
          POSIXACL UNBINDABLE PRIVATE SLAVE SHARED RELATIME KERNMOUNT \
          I_VERSION STRICTATIME LAZYTIME SUBMOUNT NOREMOTELOCK NOSEC BORN \
          ACTIVE NOUSER"

    SED_PROG=
    for i in $SYMS; do SED_PROG="$SED_PROG -e s/MS_$i/SB_$i/g"; done

    # we want files that contain at least one of MS_...,
    # with fs/namespace.c and fs/pnode.c excluded.
    L=$(for i in $SYMS; do git grep -w -l MS_$i $FILES; done| sort|uniq|grep -v '^fs/namespace.c'|grep -v '^fs/pnode.c')

    for f in $L; do sed -i $f $SED_PROG; done

Requested-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pull misc vfs updates from Al Viro:
 "Assorted stuff, really no common topic here"

* 'work.misc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
  vfs: grab the lock instead of blocking in __fd_install during resizing
  vfs: stop clearing close on exec when closing a fd
  include/linux/fs.h: fix comment about struct address_space
  fs: make fiemap work from compat_ioctl
  coda: fix 'kernel memory exposure attempt' in fsync
  pstore: remove unneeded unlikely()
  vfs: remove unneeded unlikely()
  stubs for mount_bdev() and kill_block_super() in !CONFIG_BLOCK case
  make vfs_ustat() static
  do_handle_open() should be static
  elf_fdpic: fix unused variable warning
  fold destroy_super() into __put_super()
  new helper: destroy_unused_super()
  fix address space warnings in ipc/
  acct.h: get rid of detritus

When an application called fsync on a file in Coda a small request with
just the file identifier was allocated, but the declared length was set
to the size of union of all possible upcall requests.

This bug has been around for a very long time and is now caught by the
extra checking in usercopy that was introduced in Linux-4.8.

The exposure happens when the Coda cache manager process reads the fsync
upcall request at which point it is killed. As a result there is nobody
servicing any further upcalls, trapping any processes that try to access
the mounted Coda filesystem.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jan Harkes <jaharkes@cs.cmu.edu>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

Use proper ssize_t and size_t types for the return value and count
argument, move the offset last and make it an in/out argument like
all other read/write helpers, and make the buf argument a void pointer
to get rid of lots of casts in the callers.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

De-dupliate some code and allow for passing the flags argument to
vfs_iter_write.  Additionally it now properly updates timestamps.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

De-dupliate some code and allow for passing the flags argument to
vfs_iter_read.  Additional it properly updates atime now.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>

Allocate struct backing_dev_info separately instead of embedding it
inside the superblock. This unifies handling of bdi among users.

CC: Jan Harkes <jaharkes@cs.cmu.edu>
CC: coda@cs.cmu.edu
CC: codalist@coda.cs.cmu.edu
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@fb.com>

Pull vfs 'statx()' update from Al Viro.

This adds the new extended stat() interface that internally subsumes our
previous stat interfaces, and allows user mode to specify in more detail
what kind of information it wants.

It also allows for some explicit synchronization information to be
passed to the filesystem, which can be relevant for network filesystems:
is the cached value ok, or do you need open/close consistency, or what?

From David Howells.

Andreas Dilger points out that the first version of the extended statx
interface was posted June 29, 2010:

    https://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-fsdevel/msg33831.html

* 'rebased-statx' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
  statx: Add a system call to make enhanced file info available

Pull sched.h split-up from Ingo Molnar:
 "The point of these changes is to significantly reduce the
  <linux/sched.h> header footprint, to speed up the kernel build and to
  have a cleaner header structure.

  After these changes the new <linux/sched.h>'s typical preprocessed
  size goes down from a previous ~0.68 MB (~22K lines) to ~0.45 MB (~15K
  lines), which is around 40% faster to build on typical configs.

  Not much changed from the last version (-v2) posted three weeks ago: I
  eliminated quirks, backmerged fixes plus I rebased it to an upstream
  SHA1 from yesterday that includes most changes queued up in -next plus
  all sched.h changes that were pending from Andrew.

  I've re-tested the series both on x86 and on cross-arch defconfigs,
  and did a bisectability test at a number of random points.

  I tried to test as many build configurations as possible, but some
  build breakage is probably still left - but it should be mostly
  limited to architectures that have no cross-compiler binaries
  available on kernel.org, and non-default configurations"

* 'WIP.sched-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (146 commits)
  sched/headers: Clean up <linux/sched.h>
  sched/headers: Remove #ifdefs from <linux/sched.h>
  sched/headers: Remove the <linux/topology.h> include from <linux/sched.h>
  sched/headers, hrtimer: Remove the <linux/wait.h> include from <linux/hrtimer.h>
  sched/headers, x86/apic: Remove the <linux/pm.h> header inclusion from <asm/apic.h>
  sched/headers, timers: Remove the <linux/sysctl.h> include from <linux/timer.h>
  sched/headers: Remove <linux/magic.h> from <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
  sched/headers: Remove <linux/sched.h> from <linux/sched/init.h>
  sched/core: Remove unused prefetch_stack()
  sched/headers: Remove <linux/rculist.h> from <linux/sched.h>
  sched/headers: Remove the 'init_pid_ns' prototype from <linux/sched.h>
  sched/headers: Remove <linux/signal.h> from <linux/sched.h>
  sched/headers: Remove <linux/rwsem.h> from <linux/sched.h>
  sched/headers: Remove the runqueue_is_locked() prototype
  sched/headers: Remove <linux/sched.h> from <linux/sched/hotplug.h>
  sched/headers: Remove <linux/sched.h> from <linux/sched/debug.h>
  sched/headers: Remove <linux/sched.h> from <linux/sched/nohz.h>
  sched/headers: Remove <linux/sched.h> from <linux/sched/stat.h>
  sched/headers: Remove the <linux/gfp.h> include from <linux/sched.h>
  sched/headers: Remove <linux/rtmutex.h> from <linux/sched.h>
  ...