The __cpuinit type of throwaway sections might have made sense
some time ago when RAM was more constrained, but now the savings
do not offset the cost and complications.  For example, the fix in
commit 5e427ec2d0 ("x86: Fix bit corruption at CPU resume time")
is a good example of the nasty type of bugs that can be created
with improper use of the various __init prefixes.

After a discussion on LKML[1] it was decided that cpuinit should go
the way of devinit and be phased out.  Once all the users are gone,
we can then finally remove the macros themselves from linux/init.h.

Note that some harmless section mismatch warnings may result, since
notify_cpu_starting() and cpu_up() are arch independent (kernel/cpu.c)
are flagged as __cpuinit  -- so if we remove the __cpuinit from
arch specific callers, we will also get section mismatch warnings.
As an intermediate step, we intend to turn the linux/init.h cpuinit
content into no-ops as early as possible, since that will get rid
of these warnings.  In any case, they are temporary and harmless.

This removes all the arch/x86 uses of the __cpuinit macros from
all C files.  x86 only had the one __CPUINIT used in assembly files,
and it wasn't paired off with a .previous or a __FINIT, so we can
delete it directly w/o any corresponding additional change there.

[1] https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/5/20/589

Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>

Merge together the unicore32, arm, and x86 reboot= command line
parameter handling.

Signed-off-by: Robin Holt <holt@sgi.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Russ Anderson <rja@sgi.com>
Cc: Robin Holt <holt@sgi.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Acked-by: Russell King <rmk+kernel@arm.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>

Pull x86 UV update from Ingo Molnar:
 "There's a single commit in this tree, which adds support for a new SGI
  UV GRU (Global Reference Unit - fast NUMA messaging ASIC) hardware
  feature to scale up and beyond: an optional distributed mode that will
  allow per-node address mapping of local GRU space, as opposed to
  mapping all GRU hardware to the same contiguous high space"

* 'x86-uv-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/UV: Add GRU distributed mode mappings

Pull x86 tracing updates from Ingo Molnar:
 "This tree adds IRQ vector tracepoints that are named after the handler
  and which output the vector #, based on a zero-overhead approach that
  relies on changing the IDT entries, by Seiji Aguchi.

  The new tracepoints look like this:

   # perf list | grep -i irq_vector
    irq_vectors:local_timer_entry                      [Tracepoint event]
    irq_vectors:local_timer_exit                       [Tracepoint event]
    irq_vectors:reschedule_entry                       [Tracepoint event]
    irq_vectors:reschedule_exit                        [Tracepoint event]
    irq_vectors:spurious_apic_entry                    [Tracepoint event]
    irq_vectors:spurious_apic_exit                     [Tracepoint event]
    irq_vectors:error_apic_entry                       [Tracepoint event]
    irq_vectors:error_apic_exit                        [Tracepoint event]
   [...]"

* 'x86-tracing-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86/tracing: Add config option checking to the definitions of mce handlers
  trace,x86: Do not call local_irq_save() in load_current_idt()
  trace,x86: Move creation of irq tracepoints from apic.c to irq.c
  x86, trace: Add irq vector tracepoints
  x86: Rename variables for debugging
  x86, trace: Introduce entering/exiting_irq()
  tracing: Add DEFINE_EVENT_FN() macro

Pull x86 cleanups from Ingo Molnar:
 "Misc x86 cleanups"

* 'x86-cleanups-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  x86, reloc: Use xorl instead of xorq in relocate_kernel_64.S
  x86, cleanups: Remove extra tab in __flush_tlb_one()
  x86/mce: Remove check for CONFIG_X86_MCE_P4THERMAL

Compiling without CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC set, apic.c will not be
compiled, and the irq tracepoints will not be created via the
CREATE_TRACE_POINTS macro. When CONFIG_X86_LOCAL_APIC is not set,
we get the following build error:

  LD      init/built-in.o
arch/x86/built-in.o: In function `trace_x86_platform_ipi_entry':
linux-test.git/arch/x86/include/asm/trace/irq_vectors.h:66: undefined reference to `__tracepoint_x86_platform_ipi_entry'
arch/x86/built-in.o: In function `trace_x86_platform_ipi_exit':
linux-test.git/arch/x86/include/asm/trace/irq_vectors.h:66: undefined reference to `__tracepoint_x86_platform_ipi_exit'
arch/x86/built-in.o: In function `trace_irq_work_entry':
linux-test.git/arch/x86/include/asm/trace/irq_vectors.h:72: undefined reference to `__tracepoint_irq_work_entry'
arch/x86/built-in.o: In function `trace_irq_work_exit':
linux-test.git/arch/x86/include/asm/trace/irq_vectors.h:72: undefined reference to `__tracepoint_irq_work_exit'
arch/x86/built-in.o:(__jump_table+0x8): undefined reference to `__tracepoint_x86_platform_ipi_entry'
arch/x86/built-in.o:(__jump_table+0x14): undefined reference to `__tracepoint_x86_platform_ipi_exit'
arch/x86/built-in.o:(__jump_table+0x20): undefined reference to `__tracepoint_irq_work_entry'
arch/x86/built-in.o:(__jump_table+0x2c): undefined reference to `__tracepoint_irq_work_exit'
make[1]: *** [vmlinux] Error 1
make: *** [sub-make] Error 2

As irq.c is always compiled for x86, it is a more appropriate location
to create the irq tracepoints.

Cc: Seiji Aguchi <seiji.aguchi@hds.com>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

[Purpose of this patch]

As Vaibhav explained in the thread below, tracepoints for irq vectors
are useful.

http://www.spinics.net/lists/mm-commits/msg85707.html

<snip>
The current interrupt traces from irq_handler_entry and irq_handler_exit
provide when an interrupt is handled.  They provide good data about when
the system has switched to kernel space and how it affects the currently
running processes.

There are some IRQ vectors which trigger the system into kernel space,
which are not handled in generic IRQ handlers.  Tracing such events gives
us the information about IRQ interaction with other system events.

The trace also tells where the system is spending its time.  We want to
know which cores are handling interrupts and how they are affecting other
processes in the system.  Also, the trace provides information about when
the cores are idle and which interrupts are changing that state.
<snip>

On the other hand, my usecase is tracing just local timer event and
getting a value of instruction pointer.

I suggested to add an argument local timer event to get instruction pointer before.
But there is another way to get it with external module like systemtap.
So, I don't need to add any argument to irq vector tracepoints now.

[Patch Description]

Vaibhav's patch shared a trace point ,irq_vector_entry/irq_vector_exit, in all events.
But there is an above use case to trace specific irq_vector rather than tracing all events.
In this case, we are concerned about overhead due to unwanted events.

So, add following tracepoints instead of introducing irq_vector_entry/exit.
so that we can enable them independently.
   - local_timer_vector
   - reschedule_vector
   - call_function_vector
   - call_function_single_vector
   - irq_work_entry_vector
   - error_apic_vector
   - thermal_apic_vector
   - threshold_apic_vector
   - spurious_apic_vector
   - x86_platform_ipi_vector

Also, introduce a logic switching IDT at enabling/disabling time so that a time penalty
makes a zero when tracepoints are disabled. Detailed explanations are as follows.
 - Create trace irq handlers with entering_irq()/exiting_irq().
 - Create a new IDT, trace_idt_table, at boot time by adding a logic to
   _set_gate(). It is just a copy of original idt table.
 - Register the new handlers for tracpoints to the new IDT by introducing
   macros to alloc_intr_gate() called at registering time of irq_vector handlers.
 - Add checking, whether irq vector tracing is on/off, into load_current_idt().
   This has to be done below debug checking for these reasons.
   - Switching to debug IDT may be kicked while tracing is enabled.
   - On the other hands, switching to trace IDT is kicked only when debugging
     is disabled.

In addition, the new IDT is created only when CONFIG_TRACING is enabled to avoid being
used for other purposes.

Signed-off-by: Seiji Aguchi <seiji.aguchi@hds.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/51C323ED.5050708@hds.com
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

When implementing tracepoints in interrupt handers, if the tracepoints are
simply added in the performance sensitive path of interrupt handers,
it may cause potential performance problem due to the time penalty.

To solve the problem, an idea is to prepare non-trace/trace irq handers and
switch their IDTs at the enabling/disabling time.

So, let's introduce entering_irq()/exiting_irq() for pre/post-
processing of each irq handler.

A way to use them is as follows.

Non-trace irq handler:
smp_irq_handler()
{
	entering_irq();		/* pre-processing of this handler */
	__smp_irq_handler();	/*
				 * common logic between non-trace and trace handlers
				 * in a vector.
				 */
	exiting_irq();		/* post-processing of this handler */

}

Trace irq_handler:
smp_trace_irq_handler()
{
	entering_irq();		/* pre-processing of this handler */
	trace_irq_entry();	/* tracepoint for irq entry */
	__smp_irq_handler();	/*
				 * common logic between non-trace and trace handlers
				 * in a vector.
				 */
	trace_irq_exit();	/* tracepoint for irq exit */
	exiting_irq();		/* post-processing of this handler */

}

If tracepoints can place outside entering_irq()/exiting_irq() as follows,
it looks cleaner.

smp_trace_irq_handler()
{
	trace_irq_entry();
	smp_irq_handler();
	trace_irq_exit();
}

But it doesn't work.
The problem is with irq_enter/exit() being called. They must be called before
trace_irq_enter/exit(),  because of the rcu_irq_enter() must be called before
any tracepoints are used, as tracepoints use  rcu to synchronize.

As a possible alternative, we may be able to call irq_enter() first as follows
if irq_enter() can nest.

smp_trace_irq_hander()
{
	irq_entry();
	trace_irq_entry();
	smp_irq_handler();
	trace_irq_exit();
	irq_exit();
}

But it doesn't work, either.
If irq_enter() is nested, it may have a time penalty because it has to check if it
was already called or not. The time penalty is not desired in performance sensitive
paths even if it is tiny.

Signed-off-by: Seiji Aguchi <seiji.aguchi@hds.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/51C3238D.9040706@hds.com
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>

The following change fixes the x86 implementation of
trigger_all_cpu_backtrace(), which was previously (accidentally,
as far as I can tell) disabled to always return false as on
architectures that do not implement this function.

trigger_all_cpu_backtrace(), as defined in include/linux/nmi.h,
should call arch_trigger_all_cpu_backtrace() if available, or
return false if the underlying arch doesn't implement this
function.

x86 did provide a suitable arch_trigger_all_cpu_backtrace()
implementation, but it wasn't actually being used because it was
declared in asm/nmi.h, which linux/nmi.h doesn't include. Also,
linux/nmi.h couldn't easily be fixed by including asm/nmi.h,
because that file is not available on all architectures.

I am proposing to fix this by moving the x86 definition of
arch_trigger_all_cpu_backtrace() to asm/irq.h.

Tested via: echo l > /proc/sysrq-trigger

Before the change, this uses a fallback implementation which
shows backtraces on active CPUs (using
smp_call_function_interrupt() )

After the change, this shows NMI backtraces on all CPUs

Signed-off-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1370518875-1346-1-git-send-email-walken@google.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

The Kconfig symbol X86_MCE_P4THERMAL was removed in v2.6.32.
Remove a useless check for its macro, as it will now always
evaluate to false.

Signed-off-by: Paul Bolle <pebolle@tiscali.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1369853850.23034.28.camel@x61.thuisdomein
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>