linux.git/arch/x86/include/asm/stacktrace.h, branch v4.11

x86/unwind: Include __schedule() in stack traces

2017-01-12T08:28:28+00:00

In the following commit:

  0100301bfdf5 ("sched/x86: Rewrite the switch_to() code")

... the layout of the 'inactive_task_frame' struct was designed to have
a frame pointer header embedded in it, so that the unwinder could use
the 'bp' and 'ret_addr' fields to report __schedule() on the stack (or
ret_from_fork() for newly forked tasks which haven't actually run yet).

Finish the job by changing get_frame_pointer() to return a pointer to
inactive_task_frame's 'bp' field rather than 'bp' itself.  This allows
the unwinder to start one frame higher on the stack, so that it properly
reports __schedule().

Reported-by: Miroslav Benes 
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf 
Cc: Andy Lutomirski 
Cc: Andy Lutomirski 
Cc: Borislav Petkov 
Cc: Brian Gerst 
Cc: Dave Jones 
Cc: Denys Vlasenko 
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov 
Cc: H. Peter Anvin 
Cc: Linus Torvalds 
Cc: Peter Zijlstra 
Cc: Thomas Gleixner 
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/598e9f7505ed0aba86e8b9590aa528c6c7ae8dcd.1483978430.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

x86/unwind: Disable KASAN checks for non-current tasks

2017-01-12T08:28:27+00:00

There are a handful of callers to save_stack_trace_tsk() and
show_stack() which try to unwind the stack of a task other than current.
In such cases, it's remotely possible that the task is running on one
CPU while the unwinder is reading its stack from another CPU, causing
the unwinder to see stack corruption.

These cases seem to be mostly harmless.  The unwinder has checks which
prevent it from following bad pointers beyond the bounds of the stack.
So it's not really a bug as long as the caller understands that
unwinding another task will not always succeed.

In such cases, it's possible that the unwinder may read a KASAN-poisoned
region of the stack.  Account for that by using READ_ONCE_NOCHECK() when
reading the stack of another task.

Use READ_ONCE() when reading the stack of the current task, since KASAN
warnings can still be useful for finding bugs in that case.

Reported-by: Dmitry Vyukov 
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf 
Cc: Andy Lutomirski 
Cc: Andy Lutomirski 
Cc: Borislav Petkov 
Cc: Brian Gerst 
Cc: Dave Jones 
Cc: Denys Vlasenko 
Cc: H. Peter Anvin 
Cc: Linus Torvalds 
Cc: Miroslav Benes 
Cc: Peter Zijlstra 
Cc: Thomas Gleixner 
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/4c575eb288ba9f73d498dfe0acde2f58674598f1.1483978430.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

x86/dumpstack: Make stack name tags more comprehensible

2016-11-21T12:00:42+00:00

NMI stack dumps are bracketed by the following tags:

  
  ...
  

The ending tag is kind of confusing if you don't already know what "EOE"
means (end of exception).  The same ending tag is also used to mark the
end of all other exceptions' stacks.  For example:

  <#DF>
  ...
  

And similarly, "EOI" is used as the ending tag for interrupts:

  
  ...
  

Change the tags to be more comprehensible by making them symmetrical and
more XML-esque:

  
  ...
  

  <#DF>
  ...
  

  
  ...
  

Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf 
Acked-by: Frederic Weisbecker 
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) 
Cc: Andy Lutomirski 
Cc: Borislav Petkov 
Cc: Brian Gerst 
Cc: Denys Vlasenko 
Cc: H. Peter Anvin 
Cc: Linus Torvalds 
Cc: Thomas Gleixner 
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/180196e3754572540b595bc56b947d43658979a7.1479491159.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

x86/dumpstack: Remove raw stack dump

2016-10-25T16:40:37+00:00

For mostly historical reasons, the x86 oops dump shows the raw stack
values:

  ...
  [registers]
  Stack:
   ffff880079af7350 ffff880079905400 0000000000000000 ffffc900008f3ae0
   ffffffffa0196610 0000000000000001 00010000ffffffff 0000000087654321
   0000000000000002 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
  Call Trace:
  ...

This seems to be an artifact from long ago, and probably isn't needed
anymore.  It generally just adds noise to the dump, and it can be
actively harmful because it leaks kernel addresses.

Linus says:

  "The stack dump actually goes back to forever, and it used to be
   useful back in 1992 or so. But it used to be useful mainly because
   stacks were simpler and we didn't have very good call traces anyway. I
   definitely remember having used them - I just do not remember having
   used them in the last ten+ years.

   Of course, it's still true that if you can trigger an oops, you've
   likely already lost the security game, but since the stack dump is so
   useless, let's aim to just remove it and make games like the above
   harder."

This also removes the related 'kstack=' cmdline option and the
'kstack_depth_to_print' sysctl.

Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds 
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf 
Cc: Andy Lutomirski 
Cc: Borislav Petkov 
Cc: Brian Gerst 
Cc: Denys Vlasenko 
Cc: H. Peter Anvin 
Cc: Peter Zijlstra 
Cc: Thomas Gleixner 
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/e83bd50df52d8fe88e94d2566426ae40d813bf8f.1477405374.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

x86/dumpstack: Remove dump_trace() and related callbacks

2016-09-20T06:29:34+00:00

All previous users of dump_trace() have been converted to use the new
unwind interfaces, so we can remove it and the related
print_context_stack() and print_context_stack_bp() callback functions.

Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf 
Cc: Andy Lutomirski 
Cc: Andy Lutomirski 
Cc: Borislav Petkov 
Cc: Brian Gerst 
Cc: Byungchul Park 
Cc: Denys Vlasenko 
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker 
Cc: H. Peter Anvin 
Cc: Kees Cook 
Cc: Linus Torvalds 
Cc: Nilay Vaish 
Cc: Peter Zijlstra 
Cc: Steven Rostedt 
Cc: Thomas Gleixner 
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/5b97da3572b40b5a4d8e185cf2429308d0987a13.1474045023.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

x86/dumpstack: Convert show_trace_log_lvl() to use the new unwinder

2016-09-20T06:29:34+00:00

Convert show_trace_log_lvl() to use the new unwinder.  dump_trace() has
been deprecated.

show_trace_log_lvl() is special compared to other users of the unwinder.
It's the only place where both reliable *and* unreliable addresses are
needed.  With frame pointers enabled, most callers of the unwinder don't
want to know about unreliable addresses.  But in this case, when we're
dumping the stack to the console because something presumably went
wrong, the unreliable addresses are useful:

- They show stale data on the stack which can provide useful clues.

- If something goes wrong with the unwinder, or if frame pointers are
  corrupt or missing, all the stack addresses still get shown.

So in order to show all addresses on the stack, and at the same time
figure out which addresses are reliable, we have to do the scanning and
the unwinding in parallel.

The scanning is done with the help of get_stack_info() to traverse the
stacks.  The unwinding is done separately by the new unwinder.

In theory we could simplify show_trace_log_lvl() by instead pushing some
of this logic into the unwind code.  But then we would need some kind of
"fake" frame logic in the unwinder which would add a lot of complexity
and wouldn't be worth it in order to support only one user.

Another benefit of this approach is that once we have a DWARF unwinder,
we should be able to just plug it in with minimal impact to this code.

Another change here is that callers of show_trace_log_lvl() don't need
to provide the 'bp' argument.  The unwinder already finds the relevant
frame pointer by unwinding until it reaches the first frame after the
provided stack pointer.

Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf 
Cc: Andy Lutomirski 
Cc: Andy Lutomirski 
Cc: Borislav Petkov 
Cc: Brian Gerst 
Cc: Byungchul Park 
Cc: Denys Vlasenko 
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker 
Cc: H. Peter Anvin 
Cc: Kees Cook 
Cc: Linus Torvalds 
Cc: Nilay Vaish 
Cc: Peter Zijlstra 
Cc: Steven Rostedt 
Cc: Thomas Gleixner 
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/703b5998604c712a1f801874b43f35d6dac52ede.1474045023.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

x86/dumpstack: Remove NULL task pointer convention

2016-09-16T14:21:39+00:00

show_stack_log_lvl() and friends allow a NULL pointer for the
task_struct to indicate the current task.  This creates confusion and
can cause sneaky bugs.

Instead require the caller to pass 'current' directly.

This only changes the internal workings of the dumpstack code.  The
dump_trace() and show_stack() interfaces still allow a NULL task
pointer.  Those interfaces should also probably be fixed as well.

Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf 
Cc: Linus Torvalds 
Cc: Peter Zijlstra 
Cc: Thomas Gleixner 
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

x86/dumpstack: Add get_stack_info() interface

2016-09-15T06:13:15+00:00

valid_stack_ptr() is buggy: it assumes that all stacks are of size
THREAD_SIZE, which is not true for exception stacks.  So the
walk_stack() callbacks will need to know the location of the beginning
of the stack as well as the end.

Another issue is that in general the various features of a stack (type,
size, next stack pointer, description string) are scattered around in
various places throughout the stack dump code.

Encapsulate all that information in a single place with a new stack_info
struct and a get_stack_info() interface.

Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf 
Cc: Andy Lutomirski 
Cc: Andy Lutomirski 
Cc: Borislav Petkov 
Cc: Brian Gerst 
Cc: Byungchul Park 
Cc: Denys Vlasenko 
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker 
Cc: H. Peter Anvin 
Cc: Kees Cook 
Cc: Linus Torvalds 
Cc: Nilay Vaish 
Cc: Peter Zijlstra 
Cc: Steven Rostedt 
Cc: Thomas Gleixner 
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/8164dd0db96b7e6a279fa17ae5e6dc375eecb4a9.1473905218.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

x86/dumpstack: Add get_stack_pointer() and get_frame_pointer()

2016-09-08T06:58:40+00:00

The various functions involved in dumping the stack all do similar
things with regard to getting the stack pointer and the frame pointer
based on the regs and task arguments.  Create helper functions to
do that instead.

Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf 
Reviewed-by: Andy Lutomirski 
Cc: Andy Lutomirski 
Cc: Brian Gerst 
Cc: Byungchul Park 
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker 
Cc: Kees Cook 
Cc: Linus Torvalds 
Cc: Nilay Vaish 
Cc: Peter Zijlstra 
Cc: Steven Rostedt 
Cc: Thomas Gleixner 
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/f448914885a35f333fe04da1b97a6c2cc1f80974.1472057064.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

sched/x86: Add 'struct inactive_task_frame' to better document the sleeping task stack frame

2016-08-24T10:27:41+00:00

Add 'struct inactive_task_frame', which defines the layout of the stack for
a sleeping process.  For now, the only defined field is the BP register
(frame pointer).

Signed-off-by: Brian Gerst 
Reviewed-by: Josh Poimboeuf 
Cc: Andy Lutomirski 
Cc: Borislav Petkov 
Cc: Denys Vlasenko 
Cc: H. Peter Anvin 
Cc: Linus Torvalds 
Cc: Peter Zijlstra 
Cc: Thomas Gleixner 
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1471106302-10159-4-git-send-email-brgerst@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar