linux.git/arch/csky/abiv2, branch master

treewide: provide a generic clear_user_page() variant

2026-01-21T03:24:39+00:00

Patch series "mm: folio_zero_user: clear page ranges", v11.

This series adds clearing of contiguous page ranges for hugepages.

The series improves on the current discontiguous clearing approach in two
ways:

  - clear pages in a contiguous fashion.
  - use batched clearing via clear_pages() wherever exposed.

The first is useful because it allows us to make much better use of
hardware prefetchers.

The second, enables advertising the real extent to the processor.  Where
specific instructions support it (ex.  string instructions on x86; "mops"
on arm64 etc), a processor can optimize based on this because, instead of
seeing a sequence of 8-byte stores, or a sequence of 4KB pages, it sees a
larger unit being operated on.

For instance, AMD Zen uarchs (for extents larger than LLC-size) switch to
a mode where they start eliding cacheline allocation.  This is helpful not
just because it results in higher bandwidth, but also because now the
cache is not evicting useful cachelines and replacing them with zeroes.

Demand faulting a 64GB region shows performance improvement:

 $ perf bench mem mmap -p $pg-sz -f demand -s 64GB -l 5

                       baseline              +series
                   (GBps +- %stdev)      (GBps +- %stdev)

   pg-sz=2MB       11.76 +- 1.10%        25.34 +- 1.18% [*]   +115.47%  	preempt=*

   pg-sz=1GB       24.85 +- 2.41%        39.22 +- 2.32%       + 57.82%  	preempt=none|voluntary
   pg-sz=1GB         (similar)           52.73 +- 0.20% [#]   +112.19%  	preempt=full|lazy

 [*] This improvement is because switching to sequential clearing
  allows the hardware prefetchers to do a much better job.

 [#] For pg-sz=1GB a large part of the improvement is because of the
  cacheline elision mentioned above. preempt=full|lazy improves upon
  that because, not needing explicit invocations of cond_resched() to
  ensure reasonable preemption latency, it can clear the full extent
  as a single unit. In comparison the maximum extent used for
  preempt=none|voluntary is PROCESS_PAGES_NON_PREEMPT_BATCH (32MB).

  When provided the full extent the processor forgoes allocating
  cachelines on this path almost entirely.

  (The hope is that eventually, in the fullness of time, the lazy
   preemption model will be able to do the same job that none or
   voluntary models are used for, allowing us to do away with
   cond_resched().)

Raghavendra also tested previous version of the series on AMD Genoa and
sees similar improvement [1] with preempt=lazy.

  $ perf bench mem map -p $page-size -f populate -s 64GB -l 10

                    base               patched              change
   pg-sz=2MB       12.731939 GB/sec    26.304263 GB/sec     106.6%
   pg-sz=1GB       26.232423 GB/sec    61.174836 GB/sec     133.2%


This patch (of 8):

Let's drop all variants that effectively map to clear_page() and provide
it in a generic variant instead.

We'll use the macro clear_user_page to indicate whether an architecture
provides it's own variant.

Also, clear_user_page() is only called from the generic variant of
clear_user_highpage(), so define it only if the architecture does not
provide a clear_user_highpage().  And, for simplicity define it in
linux/highmem.h.

Note that for parisc, clear_page() and clear_user_page() map to
clear_page_asm(), so we can just get rid of the custom clear_user_page()
implementation.  There is a clear_user_page_asm() function on parisc, that
seems to be unused.  Not sure what's up with that.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260107072009.1615991-1-ankur.a.arora@oracle.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20260107072009.1615991-2-ankur.a.arora@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: David Hildenbrand 
Co-developed-by: Ankur Arora 
Signed-off-by: Ankur Arora 
Cc: Andy Lutomirski 
Cc: Ankur Arora 
Cc: "Borislav Petkov (AMD)" 
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky 
Cc: David Hildenbrand 
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" 
Cc: Ingo Molnar 
Cc: Konrad Rzessutek Wilk 
Cc: Lance Yang 
Cc: "Liam R. Howlett" 
Cc: Li Zhe 
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes 
Cc: Mateusz Guzik 
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) 
Cc: Michal Hocko 
Cc: Mike Rapoport 
Cc: Peter Zijlstra 
Cc: Raghavendra K T 
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan 
Cc: Thomas Gleixner 
Cc: Vlastimil Babka 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton

Merge tag 'csky-for-linus-6.19' of https://github.com/c-sky/csky-linux

2025-12-10T03:17:29+00:00

Pull csky updates from Guo Ren:

 - Remove compile warning for CONFIG_SMP

 - Fix __ASSEMBLER__ typo in headers

 - Fix csky_cmpxchg_fixup

* tag 'csky-for-linus-6.19' of https://github.com/c-sky/csky-linux:
  csky: Remove compile warning for CONFIG_SMP
  csky: Replace __ASSEMBLY__ with __ASSEMBLER__ in uapi header
  csky: Replace __ASSEMBLY__ with __ASSEMBLER__ in non-uapi headers
  csky: fix csky_cmpxchg_fixup not working

csky: abiv2: adapt to new folio flags field

2025-10-21T22:46:18+00:00

Recent changes require the raw folio flags to be accessed via ".f".  The
merge commit introducing this change adapted most architecture code but
forgot the csky abiv2.

[rppt@kernel.org: add fix for arch/csky/abiv2/cacheflush.c]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/aPCE238oxAB9QcZa@kernel.org
Fixes: 53fbef56e07d ("mm: introduce memdesc_flags_t")
Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh 
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport (Microsoft) 
Acked-by: Guo Ren 
Acked-by: Zi Yan 
Cc: Guo Ren 
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton

csky: Replace ASSEMBLY with ASSEMBLER in non-uapi headers

2025-10-19T06:54:51+00:00

While the GCC and Clang compilers already define __ASSEMBLER__
automatically when compiling assembly code, __ASSEMBLY__ is a
macro that only gets defined by the Makefiles in the kernel.
This can be very confusing when switching between userspace
and kernelspace coding, or when dealing with uapi headers that
rather should use __ASSEMBLER__ instead. So let's standardize on
the __ASSEMBLER__ macro that is provided by the compilers now.

This is a completely mechanical patch (done with a simple "sed -i"
statement).

Signed-off-by: Thomas Huth 
Signed-off-by: Guo Ren (Alibaba DAMO Academy)

mm: Introduce flush_cache_vmap_early()

2023-12-14T08:23:17+00:00

The pcpu setup when using the page allocator sets up a new vmalloc
mapping very early in the boot process, so early that it cannot use the
flush_cache_vmap() function which may depend on structures not yet
initialized (for example in riscv, we currently send an IPI to flush
other cpus TLB).

But on some architectures, we must call flush_cache_vmap(): for example,
in riscv, some uarchs can cache invalid TLB entries so we need to flush
the new established mapping to avoid taking an exception.

So fix this by introducing a new function flush_cache_vmap_early() which
is called right after setting the new page table entry and before
accessing this new mapping. This new function implements a local flush
tlb on riscv and is no-op for other architectures (same as today).

Signed-off-by: Alexandre Ghiti 
Acked-by: Geert Uytterhoeven 
Signed-off-by: Dennis Zhou

Merge tag 'mm-stable-2023-08-28-18-26' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm

2023-08-29T21:25:26+00:00

Pull MM updates from Andrew Morton:

 - Some swap cleanups from Ma Wupeng ("fix WARN_ON in
   add_to_avail_list")

 - Peter Xu has a series (mm/gup: Unify hugetlb, speed up thp") which
   reduces the special-case code for handling hugetlb pages in GUP. It
   also speeds up GUP handling of transparent hugepages.

 - Peng Zhang provides some maple tree speedups ("Optimize the fast path
   of mas_store()").

 - Sergey Senozhatsky has improved te performance of zsmalloc during
   compaction (zsmalloc: small compaction improvements").

 - Domenico Cerasuolo has developed additional selftest code for zswap
   ("selftests: cgroup: add zswap test program").

 - xu xin has doe some work on KSM's handling of zero pages. These
   changes are mainly to enable the user to better understand the
   effectiveness of KSM's treatment of zero pages ("ksm: support
   tracking KSM-placed zero-pages").

 - Jeff Xu has fixes the behaviour of memfd's
   MEMFD_NOEXEC_SCOPE_NOEXEC_ENFORCED sysctl ("mm/memfd: fix sysctl
   MEMFD_NOEXEC_SCOPE_NOEXEC_ENFORCED").

 - David Howells has fixed an fscache optimization ("mm, netfs, fscache:
   Stop read optimisation when folio removed from pagecache").

 - Axel Rasmussen has given userfaultfd the ability to simulate memory
   poisoning ("add UFFDIO_POISON to simulate memory poisoning with
   UFFD").

 - Miaohe Lin has contributed some routine maintenance work on the
   memory-failure code ("mm: memory-failure: remove unneeded PageHuge()
   check").

 - Peng Zhang has contributed some maintenance work on the maple tree
   code ("Improve the validation for maple tree and some cleanup").

 - Hugh Dickins has optimized the collapsing of shmem or file pages into
   THPs ("mm: free retracted page table by RCU").

 - Jiaqi Yan has a patch series which permits us to use the healthy
   subpages within a hardware poisoned huge page for general purposes
   ("Improve hugetlbfs read on HWPOISON hugepages").

 - Kemeng Shi has done some maintenance work on the pagetable-check code
   ("Remove unused parameters in page_table_check").

 - More folioification work from Matthew Wilcox ("More filesystem folio
   conversions for 6.6"), ("Followup folio conversions for zswap"). And
   from ZhangPeng ("Convert several functions in page_io.c to use a
   folio").

 - page_ext cleanups from Kemeng Shi ("minor cleanups for page_ext").

 - Baoquan He has converted some architectures to use the
   GENERIC_IOREMAP ioremap()/iounmap() code ("mm: ioremap: Convert
   architectures to take GENERIC_IOREMAP way").

 - Anshuman Khandual has optimized arm64 tlb shootdown ("arm64: support
   batched/deferred tlb shootdown during page reclamation/migration").

 - Better maple tree lockdep checking from Liam Howlett ("More strict
   maple tree lockdep"). Liam also developed some efficiency
   improvements ("Reduce preallocations for maple tree").

 - Cleanup and optimization to the secondary IOMMU TLB invalidation,
   from Alistair Popple ("Invalidate secondary IOMMU TLB on permission
   upgrade").

 - Ryan Roberts fixes some arm64 MM selftest issues ("selftests/mm fixes
   for arm64").

 - Kemeng Shi provides some maintenance work on the compaction code
   ("Two minor cleanups for compaction").

 - Some reduction in mmap_lock pressure from Matthew Wilcox ("Handle
   most file-backed faults under the VMA lock").

 - Aneesh Kumar contributes code to use the vmemmap optimization for DAX
   on ppc64, under some circumstances ("Add support for DAX vmemmap
   optimization for ppc64").

 - page-ext cleanups from Kemeng Shi ("add page_ext_data to get client
   data in page_ext"), ("minor cleanups to page_ext header").

 - Some zswap cleanups from Johannes Weiner ("mm: zswap: three
   cleanups").

 - kmsan cleanups from ZhangPeng ("minor cleanups for kmsan").

 - VMA handling cleanups from Kefeng Wang ("mm: convert to
   vma_is_initial_heap/stack()").

 - DAMON feature work from SeongJae Park ("mm/damon/sysfs-schemes:
   implement DAMOS tried total bytes file"), ("Extend DAMOS filters for
   address ranges and DAMON monitoring targets").

 - Compaction work from Kemeng Shi ("Fixes and cleanups to compaction").

 - Liam Howlett has improved the maple tree node replacement code
   ("maple_tree: Change replacement strategy").

 - ZhangPeng has a general code cleanup - use the K() macro more widely
   ("cleanup with helper macro K()").

 - Aneesh Kumar brings memmap-on-memory to ppc64 ("Add support for
   memmap on memory feature on ppc64").

 - pagealloc cleanups from Kemeng Shi ("Two minor cleanups for pcp list
   in page_alloc"), ("Two minor cleanups for get pageblock
   migratetype").

 - Vishal Moola introduces a memory descriptor for page table tracking,
   "struct ptdesc" ("Split ptdesc from struct page").

 - memfd selftest maintenance work from Aleksa Sarai ("memfd: cleanups
   for vm.memfd_noexec").

 - MM include file rationalization from Hugh Dickins ("arch: include
   asm/cacheflush.h in asm/hugetlb.h").

 - THP debug output fixes from Hugh Dickins ("mm,thp: fix sloppy text
   output").

 - kmemleak improvements from Xiaolei Wang ("mm/kmemleak: use
   object_cache instead of kmemleak_initialized").

 - More folio-related cleanups from Matthew Wilcox ("Remove _folio_dtor
   and _folio_order").

 - A VMA locking scalability improvement from Suren Baghdasaryan
   ("Per-VMA lock support for swap and userfaults").

 - pagetable handling cleanups from Matthew Wilcox ("New page table
   range API").

 - A batch of swap/thp cleanups from David Hildenbrand ("mm/swap: stop
   using page->private on tail pages for THP_SWAP + cleanups").

 - Cleanups and speedups to the hugetlb fault handling from Matthew
   Wilcox ("Change calling convention for ->huge_fault").

 - Matthew Wilcox has also done some maintenance work on the MM
   subsystem documentation ("Improve mm documentation").

* tag 'mm-stable-2023-08-28-18-26' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (489 commits)
  maple_tree: shrink struct maple_tree
  maple_tree: clean up mas_wr_append()
  secretmem: convert page_is_secretmem() to folio_is_secretmem()
  nios2: fix flush_dcache_page() for usage from irq context
  hugetlb: add documentation for vma_kernel_pagesize()
  mm: add orphaned kernel-doc to the rst files.
  mm: fix clean_record_shared_mapping_range kernel-doc
  mm: fix get_mctgt_type() kernel-doc
  mm: fix kernel-doc warning from tlb_flush_rmaps()
  mm: remove enum page_entry_size
  mm: allow ->huge_fault() to be called without the mmap_lock held
  mm: move PMD_ORDER to pgtable.h
  mm: remove checks for pte_index
  memcg: remove duplication detection for mem_cgroup_uncharge_swap
  mm/huge_memory: work on folio->swap instead of page->private when splitting folio
  mm/swap: inline folio_set_swap_entry() and folio_swap_entry()
  mm/swap: use dedicated entry for swap in folio
  mm/swap: stop using page->private on tail pages for THP_SWAP
  selftests/mm: fix WARNING comparing pointer to 0
  selftests: cgroup: fix test_kmem_memcg_deletion kernel mem check
  ...

mm: rationalise flush_icache_pages() and flush_icache_page()

2023-08-24T23:20:25+00:00

Move the default (no-op) implementation of flush_icache_pages() to
 from .  Remove the
flush_icache_page() wrapper from each architecture into
.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230802151406.3735276-32-willy@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton

csky: implement the new page table range API

2023-08-24T23:20:20+00:00

Add PFN_PTE_SHIFT, update_mmu_cache_range() and flush_dcache_folio().
Change the PG_dcache_clean flag from being per-page to per-folio.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230802151406.3735276-12-willy@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) 
Acked-by: Guo Ren 
Acked-by: Mike Rapoport (IBM) 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton

csky: pgtable: Invalidate stale I-cache lines in update_mmu_cache

2023-08-11T02:09:25+00:00

The final icache_flush was in the update_mmu_cache, and update_mmu_cache
is after the set_pte_at. Thus, when CPU0 sets the pte,  the other CPU
would see it before the icache_flush broadcast happens, and their
icaches may have cached stale VIPT cache lines in their I-caches. When
address translation was ready for the new cache line, they will use the
stale data of icache, not the fresh one of the dcache.

The csky instruction cache is VIPT, and it needs an origin virtual
address to invalidate the virtual address index entries of cache ways.
The current implementation uses a temporary mapping mechanism -
kmap_atomic, which returns a new virtual address for invalidation. But,
the original virtual address cache line may still in the I-cache.

So force invalidation I-cache in update_mmu_cache, and prevent
flush_dcache when there is an EXEC page. This bug was detected in the
4*c860 SMP system, and this patch could pass the stress test.

Signed-off-by: Guo Ren 
Signed-off-by: Guo Ren

csky: mmu: Prevent spurious page faults

2023-04-13T06:36:14+00:00

C-SKY MMU would pre-fetch invalid pte entries, and it could work with
flush_tlb_fix_spurious_fault, but the additional page fault exceptions
would reduce performance. So flushing the entry of the TLB would prevent
the following spurious page faults. Here is the test code:

define DATA_LEN  4096
define COPY_NUM  (504*100)

unsigned char src[DATA_LEN*COPY_NUM] = {0};
unsigned char dst[DATA_LEN*COPY_NUM] = {0};

unsigned char func_src[DATA_LEN*COPY_NUM] = {0};
unsigned char func_dst[DATA_LEN*COPY_NUM] = {0};

void main(void)
{
	int j;
	for (j = 0; j < COPY_NUM; j++)
		memcpy(&dst[j*DATA_LEN], &src[j*DATA_LEN], 4);
}

perf stat -e page-faults ./main.elf

The amount of page fault traps would be reduced in half with the patch.

Signed-off-by: Guo Ren 
Signed-off-by: Guo Ren