linux.git/arch/Kconfig, branch v3.14

stackprotector: Introduce CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR_STRONG

2013-12-20T08:38:40+00:00

This changes the stack protector config option into a choice of
"None", "Regular", and "Strong":

   CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR_NONE
   CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR_REGULAR
   CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR_STRONG

"Regular" means the old CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR=y option.

"Strong" is a new mode introduced by this patch. With "Strong" the
kernel is built with -fstack-protector-strong (available in
gcc 4.9 and later). This option increases the coverage of the stack
protector without the heavy performance hit of -fstack-protector-all.

For reference, the stack protector options available in gcc are:

-fstack-protector-all:
  Adds the stack-canary saving prefix and stack-canary checking
  suffix to _all_ function entry and exit. Results in substantial
  use of stack space for saving the canary for deep stack users
  (e.g. historically xfs), and measurable (though shockingly still
  low) performance hit due to all the saving/checking. Really not
  suitable for sane systems, and was entirely removed as an option
  from the kernel many years ago.

-fstack-protector:
  Adds the canary save/check to functions that define an 8
  (--param=ssp-buffer-size=N, N=8 by default) or more byte local
  char array. Traditionally, stack overflows happened with
  string-based manipulations, so this was a way to find those
  functions. Very few total functions actually get the canary; no
  measurable performance or size overhead.

-fstack-protector-strong
  Adds the canary for a wider set of functions, since it's not
  just those with strings that have ultimately been vulnerable to
  stack-busting. With this superset, more functions end up with a
  canary, but it still remains small compared to all functions
  with only a small change in performance. Based on the original
  design document, a function gets the canary when it contains any
  of:

    - local variable's address used as part of the right hand side
      of an assignment or function argument
    - local variable is an array (or union containing an array),
      regardless of array type or length
    - uses register local variables

  https://docs.google.com/a/google.com/document/d/1xXBH6rRZue4f296vGt9YQcuLVQHeE516stHwt8M9xyU

Find below a comparison of "size" and "objdump" output when built with
gcc-4.9 in three configurations:

  - defconfig
	11430641 kernel text size
	36110 function bodies

  - defconfig + CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR_REGULAR
	11468490 kernel text size (+0.33%)
	1015 of 36110 functions are stack-protected (2.81%)

  - defconfig + CONFIG_CC_STACKPROTECTOR_STRONG via this patch
	11692790 kernel text size (+2.24%)
	7401 of 36110 functions are stack-protected (20.5%)

With -strong, ARM's compressed boot code now triggers stack
protection, so a static guard was added. Since this is only used
during decompression and was never used before, the exposure
here is very small. Once it switches to the full kernel, the
stack guard is back to normal.

Chrome OS has been using -fstack-protector-strong for its kernel
builds for the last 8 months with no problems.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook 
Cc: Arjan van de Ven 
Cc: Michal Marek 
Cc: Russell King 
Cc: Ralf Baechle 
Cc: Paul Mundt 
Cc: James Hogan 
Cc: Stephen Rothwell 
Cc: Shawn Guo 
Cc: Linus Torvalds 
Cc: Andrew Morton 
Cc: Peter Zijlstra 
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1387481759-14535-3-git-send-email-keescook@chromium.org
[ Improved the changelog and descriptions some more. ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

stackprotector: Unify the HAVE_CC_STACKPROTECTOR logic between architectures

2013-12-20T08:38:40+00:00

Instead of duplicating the CC_STACKPROTECTOR Kconfig and
Makefile logic in each architecture, switch to using
HAVE_CC_STACKPROTECTOR and keep everything in one place. This
retains the x86-specific bug verification scripts.

Signed-off-by: Kees Cook 
Cc: Arjan van de Ven 
Cc: Michal Marek 
Cc: Russell King 
Cc: Ralf Baechle 
Cc: Paul Mundt 
Cc: James Hogan 
Cc: Stephen Rothwell 
Cc: Shawn Guo 
Cc: Linus Torvalds 
Cc: Andrew Morton 
Cc: Peter Zijlstra 
Cc: Thomas Gleixner 
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1387481759-14535-2-git-send-email-keescook@chromium.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar

kernel: remove CONFIG_USE_GENERIC_SMP_HELPERS

2013-11-15T00:32:22+00:00

We've switched over every architecture that supports SMP to it, so
remove the new useless config variable.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig 
Cc: Jan Kara 
Cc: Jens Axboe 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

Merge branch 'timers-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

2013-11-12T01:36:00+00:00

Pull timer changes from Ingo Molnar:
 "Main changes in this cycle were:

   - Updated full dynticks support.

   - Event stream support for architected (ARM) timers.

   - ARM clocksource driver updates.

   - Move arm64 to using the generic sched_clock framework & resulting
     cleanup in the generic sched_clock code.

   - Misc fixes and cleanups"

* 'timers-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (50 commits)
  x86/time: Honor ACPI FADT flag indicating absence of a CMOS RTC
  clocksource: sun4i: remove IRQF_DISABLED
  clocksource: sun4i: Report the minimum tick that we can program
  clocksource: sun4i: Select CLKSRC_MMIO
  clocksource: Provide timekeeping for efm32 SoCs
  clocksource: em_sti: convert to clk_prepare/unprepare
  time: Fix signedness bug in sysfs_get_uname() and its callers
  timekeeping: Fix some trivial typos in comments
  alarmtimer: return EINVAL instead of ENOTSUPP if rtcdev doesn't exist
  clocksource: arch_timer: Do not register arch_sys_counter twice
  timer stats: Add a 'Collection: active/inactive' line to timer usage statistics
  sched_clock: Remove sched_clock_func() hook
  arch_timer: Move to generic sched_clock framework
  clocksource: tcb_clksrc: Remove IRQF_DISABLED
  clocksource: tcb_clksrc: Improve driver robustness
  clocksource: tcb_clksrc: Replace clk_enable/disable with clk_prepare_enable/disable_unprepare
  clocksource: arm_arch_timer: Use clocksource for suspend timekeeping
  clocksource: dw_apb_timer_of: Mark a few more functions as __init
  clocksource: Put nodes passed to CLOCKSOURCE_OF_DECLARE callbacks centrally
  arm: zynq: Enable arm_global_timer
  ...

irq: Optimize softirq stack selection in irq exit

2013-10-01T10:53:27+00:00

If irq_exit() is called on the arch's specified irq stack,
it should be safe to run softirqs inline under that same
irq stack as it is near empty by the time we call irq_exit().

For example if we use the same stack for both hard and soft irqs here,
the worst case scenario is:
hardirq -> softirq -> hardirq. But then the softirq supersedes the
first hardirq as the stack user since irq_exit() is called in
a mostly empty stack. So the stack merge in this case looks acceptable.

Stack overrun still have a chance to happen if hardirqs have more
opportunities to nest, but then it's another problem to solve.

So lets adapt the irq exit's softirq stack on top of a new Kconfig symbol
that can be defined when irq_exit() runs on the irq stack. That way
we can spare some stack switch on irq processing and all the cache
issues that come along.

Acked-by: Linus Torvalds 
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker 
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt 
Cc: Paul Mackerras 
Cc: Ingo Molnar 
Cc: Thomas Gleixner 
Cc: Peter Zijlstra 
Cc: H. Peter Anvin 
Cc: Linus Torvalds 
Cc: Paul Mackerras 
Cc: James Hogan 
Cc: James E.J. Bottomley 
Cc: Helge Deller 
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky 
Cc: Heiko Carstens 
Cc: David S. Miller 
Cc: Andrew Morton

vtime: Add HAVE_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_GEN Kconfig

2013-09-30T13:35:53+00:00

With VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_GEN, cputime_t becomes 64-bit. In order
to use that feature, arch code should be audited to ensure there are no
races in concurrent read/write of cputime_t. For example,
reading/writing 64-bit cputime_t on some 32-bit arches may require
multiple accesses for low and high value parts, so proper locking
is needed to protect against concurrent accesses.

Therefore, add CONFIG_HAVE_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING_GEN which arches can
enable after they've been audited for potential races.

This option is automatically enabled on 64-bit platforms.

Feature requested by Frederic Weisbecker.

Signed-off-by: Kevin Hilman 
Cc: Ingo Molnar 
Cc: Russell King 
Cc: Paul E. McKenney 
Cc: Arm Linux 
Signed-off-by: Frederic Weisbecker

mutex: replace CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_MUTEX_CPU_RELAX with simple ifdef

2013-09-28T10:46:21+00:00

Linus suggested to replace

 #ifndef CONFIG_HAVE_ARCH_MUTEX_CPU_RELAX
 #define arch_mutex_cpu_relax() cpu_relax()
 #endif

with just a simple

  #ifndef arch_mutex_cpu_relax
  # define arch_mutex_cpu_relax() cpu_relax()
  #endif

to get rid of CONFIG_HAVE_CPU_RELAX_SIMPLE. So architectures can
simply define arch_mutex_cpu_relax if they want an architecture
specific function instead of having to add a select statement in
their Kconfig in addition.

Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds 
Signed-off-by: Heiko Carstens

microblaze: fix clone syscall

2013-08-14T00:57:48+00:00

Fix inadvertent breakage in the clone syscall ABI for Microblaze that
was introduced in commit f3268edbe6fe ("microblaze: switch to generic
fork/vfork/clone").

The Microblaze syscall ABI for clone takes the parent tid address in the
4th argument; the third argument slot is used for the stack size.  The
incorrectly-used CLONE_BACKWARDS type assigned parent tid to the 3rd
slot.

This commit restores the original ABI so that existing userspace libc
code will work correctly.

All kernel versions from v3.8-rc1 were affected.

Signed-off-by: Michal Simek 
Cc: 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

mm: soft-dirty bits for user memory changes tracking

2013-07-03T23:07:26+00:00

The soft-dirty is a bit on a PTE which helps to track which pages a task
writes to.  In order to do this tracking one should

  1. Clear soft-dirty bits from PTEs ("echo 4 > /proc/PID/clear_refs)
  2. Wait some time.
  3. Read soft-dirty bits (55'th in /proc/PID/pagemap2 entries)

To do this tracking, the writable bit is cleared from PTEs when the
soft-dirty bit is.  Thus, after this, when the task tries to modify a
page at some virtual address the #PF occurs and the kernel sets the
soft-dirty bit on the respective PTE.

Note, that although all the task's address space is marked as r/o after
the soft-dirty bits clear, the #PF-s that occur after that are processed
fast.  This is so, since the pages are still mapped to physical memory,
and thus all the kernel does is finds this fact out and puts back
writable, dirty and soft-dirty bits on the PTE.

Another thing to note, is that when mremap moves PTEs they are marked
with soft-dirty as well, since from the user perspective mremap modifies
the virtual memory at mremap's new address.

Signed-off-by: Pavel Emelyanov 
Cc: Matt Mackall 
Cc: Xiao Guangrong 
Cc: Glauber Costa 
Cc: Marcelo Tosatti 
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro 
Cc: Stephen Rothwell 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

Merge branch 'core-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

2013-05-15T21:04:00+00:00

Pull core fixes from Thomas Gleixner:

 - Two fixlets for the fallout of the generic idle task conversion

 - Documentation update

* 'core-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  rcu/idle: Wrap cpu-idle poll mode within rcu_idle_enter/exit
  idle: Fix hlt/nohlt command-line handling in new generic idle
  kthread: Document ways of reducing OS jitter due to per-CPU kthreads