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Previously different architectures were using random sources of
differing strength and cost to decide the random kstack offset. A number
of architectures (loongarch, powerpc, s390, x86) were using their
timestamp counter, at whatever the frequency happened to be. Other
arches (arm64, riscv) were using entropy from the crng via
get_random_u16().
There have been concerns that in some cases the timestamp counters may
be too weak, because they can be easily guessed or influenced by user
space. And get_random_u16() has been shown to be too costly for the
level of protection kstack offset randomization provides.
So let's use a common, architecture-agnostic source of entropy; a
per-cpu prng, seeded at boot-time from the crng. This has a few
benefits:
- We can remove choose_random_kstack_offset(); That was only there to
try to make the timestamp counter value a bit harder to influence
from user space [*].
- The architecture code is simplified. All it has to do now is call
add_random_kstack_offset() in the syscall path.
- The strength of the randomness can be reasoned about independently
of the architecture.
- Arches previously using get_random_u16() now have much faster
syscall paths, see below results.
[*] Additionally, this gets rid of some redundant work on s390 and x86.
Before this patch, those architectures called
choose_random_kstack_offset() under arch_exit_to_user_mode_prepare(),
which is also called for exception returns to userspace which were *not*
syscalls (e.g. regular interrupts). Getting rid of
choose_random_kstack_offset() avoids a small amount of redundant work
for the non-syscall cases.
In some configurations, add_random_kstack_offset() will now call
instrumentable code, so for a couple of arches, I have moved the call a
bit later to the first point where instrumentation is allowed. This
doesn't impact the efficacy of the mechanism.
There have been some claims that a prng may be less strong than the
timestamp counter if not regularly reseeded. But the prng has a period
of about 2^113. So as long as the prng state remains secret, it should
not be possible to guess. If the prng state can be accessed, we have
bigger problems.
Additionally, we are only consuming 6 bits to randomize the stack, so
there are only 64 possible random offsets. I assert that it would be
trivial for an attacker to brute force by repeating their attack and
waiting for the random stack offset to be the desired one. The prng
approach seems entirely proportional to this level of protection.
Performance data are provided below. The baseline is v6.18 with rndstack
on for each respective arch. (I)/(R) indicate statistically significant
improvement/regression. arm64 platform is AWS Graviton3 (m7g.metal).
x86_64 platform is AWS Sapphire Rapids (m7i.24xlarge):
+-----------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| Benchmark | Result Class | per-cpu-prng | per-cpu-prng |
| | | arm64 (metal) | x86_64 (VM) |
+=================+==============+===============+===============+
| syscall/getpid | mean (ns) | (I) -9.50% | (I) -17.65% |
| | p99 (ns) | (I) -59.24% | (I) -24.41% |
| | p99.9 (ns) | (I) -59.52% | (I) -28.52% |
+-----------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| syscall/getppid | mean (ns) | (I) -9.52% | (I) -19.24% |
| | p99 (ns) | (I) -59.25% | (I) -25.03% |
| | p99.9 (ns) | (I) -59.50% | (I) -28.17% |
+-----------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
| syscall/invalid | mean (ns) | (I) -10.31% | (I) -18.56% |
| | p99 (ns) | (I) -60.79% | (I) -20.06% |
| | p99.9 (ns) | (I) -61.04% | (I) -25.04% |
+-----------------+--------------+---------------+---------------+
I tested an earlier version of this change on x86 bare metal and it
showed a smaller but still significant improvement. The bare metal
system wasn't available this time around so testing was done in a VM
instance. I'm guessing the cost of rdtsc is higher for VMs.
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260303150840.3789438-3-ryan.roberts@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org>
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kstack_offset was previously maintained per-cpu, but this caused a
couple of issues. So let's instead make it per-task.
Issue 1: add_random_kstack_offset() and choose_random_kstack_offset()
expected and required to be called with interrupts and preemption
disabled so that it could manipulate per-cpu state. But arm64, loongarch
and risc-v are calling them with interrupts and preemption enabled. I
don't _think_ this causes any functional issues, but it's certainly
unexpected and could lead to manipulating the wrong cpu's state, which
could cause a minor performance degradation due to bouncing the cache
lines. By maintaining the state per-task those functions can safely be
called in preemptible context.
Issue 2: add_random_kstack_offset() is called before executing the
syscall and expands the stack using a previously chosen random offset.
choose_random_kstack_offset() is called after executing the syscall and
chooses and stores a new random offset for the next syscall. With
per-cpu storage for this offset, an attacker could force cpu migration
during the execution of the syscall and prevent the offset from being
updated for the original cpu such that it is predictable for the next
syscall on that cpu. By maintaining the state per-task, this problem
goes away because the per-task random offset is updated after the
syscall regardless of which cpu it is executing on.
Fixes: 39218ff4c625 ("stack: Optionally randomize kernel stack offset each syscall")
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/all/dd8c37bc-795f-4c7a-9086-69e584d8ab24@arm.com/
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Ryan Roberts <ryan.roberts@arm.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260303150840.3789438-2-ryan.roberts@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <kees@kernel.org>
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(tcp_congestion_ops)->cwnd_event() is called very often, with
@event oscillating between CA_EVENT_TX_START and other values.
This is not branch prediction friendly.
Provide a new cwnd_event_tx_start pointer dedicated for CA_EVENT_TX_START.
Both BBR and CUBIC benefit from this change, since they only care
about CA_EVENT_TX_START.
No change in kernel size:
$ scripts/bloat-o-meter -t vmlinux.0 vmlinux
add/remove: 4/4 grow/shrink: 3/1 up/down: 564/-568 (-4)
Function old new delta
bbr_cwnd_event_tx_start - 450 +450
cubictcp_cwnd_event_tx_start - 70 +70
__pfx_cubictcp_cwnd_event_tx_start - 16 +16
__pfx_bbr_cwnd_event_tx_start - 16 +16
tcp_unregister_congestion_control 93 99 +6
tcp_update_congestion_control 518 521 +3
tcp_register_congestion_control 422 425 +3
__tcp_transmit_skb 3308 3306 -2
__pfx_cubictcp_cwnd_event 16 - -16
__pfx_bbr_cwnd_event 16 - -16
cubictcp_cwnd_event 80 - -80
bbr_cwnd_event 454 - -454
Total: Before=25240512, After=25240508, chg -0.00%
Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260323234920.1097858-1-edumazet@google.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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When codel_dequeue() finds an empty queue, it resets vars->dropping
but does not reset vars->first_above_time. The reference CoDel
algorithm (Nichols & Jacobson, ACM Queue 2012) resets both:
dodeque_result codel_queue_t::dodeque(time_t now) {
...
if (r.p == NULL) {
first_above_time = 0; // <-- Linux omits this
}
...
}
Note that codel_should_drop() does reset first_above_time when called
with a NULL skb, but codel_dequeue() returns early before ever calling
codel_should_drop() in the empty-queue case. The post-drop code paths
do reach codel_should_drop(NULL) and correctly reset the timer, so a
dropped packet breaks the cycle -- but the next delivered packet
re-arms first_above_time and the cycle repeats.
For sparse flows such as ICMP ping (one packet every 200ms-1s), the
first packet arms first_above_time, the flow goes empty, and the
second packet arrives after the interval has elapsed and gets dropped.
The pattern repeats, producing sustained loss on flows that are not
actually congested.
Test: veth pair, fq_codel, BQL disabled, 30000 iptables rules in the
consumer namespace (NAPI-64 cycle ~14ms, well above fq_codel's 5ms
target), ping at 5 pps under UDP flood:
Before fix: 26% ping packet loss
After fix: 0% ping packet loss
Fix by resetting first_above_time to zero in the empty-queue path
of codel_dequeue(), matching the reference algorithm.
Fixes: 76e3cc126bb2 ("codel: Controlled Delay AQM")
Fixes: d068ca2ae2e6 ("codel: split into multiple files")
Co-developed-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <hawk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jesper Dangaard Brouer <hawk@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jonas Köppeler <j.koeppeler@tu-berlin.de>
Reported-by: Chris Arges <carges@cloudflare.com>
Tested-by: Jonas Köppeler <j.koeppeler@tu-berlin.de>
Reviewed-by: Toke Høiland-Jørgensen <toke@redhat.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260318134826.1281205-7-hawk@kernel.org/
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260323174920.253526-1-hawk@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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trace/ring-buffer/core
The commit f35dbac69421 ("ring-buffer: Fix to update per-subbuf entries of
persistent ring buffer") was a fix and merged upstream. It is needed for
some other work in the ring buffer. The current branch has the remote
buffer code that is shared with the Arm64 subsystem and can't be rebased.
Merge in the upstream commit to allow continuing of the ring buffer work.
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
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Add the devres variant of clk_hw_register_divider_parent_data() for
registering a divider clock with parent clk data instead of parent
name.
Reviewed-by: Brian Masney <bmasney@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Xuyang Dong <dongxuyang@eswincomputing.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@kernel.org>
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Add device tree binding documentation for the ESWIN eic7700
clock controller module.
Signed-off-by: Yifeng Huang <huangyifeng@eswincomputing.com>
Acked-by: Conor Dooley <conor.dooley@microchip.com>
Acked-by: Troy Mitchell <troy.mitchell@linux.dev>
Tested-by: Marcel Ziswiler <marcel@ziswiler.com> # ebc77
Signed-off-by: Xuyang Dong <dongxuyang@eswincomputing.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Boyd <sboyd@kernel.org>
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Document @regs and @step parameters for arch_ptrace_report_syscall_entry()
and arch_ptrace_report_syscall_exit() that were missing from the kernel-doc
comments.
Signed-off-by: Kit Dallege <xaum.io@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@kernel.org>
Assisted-by: Claude:claude-opus-4-6
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260315170941.65913-1-xaum.io@gmail.com
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This structure definition is used outside the kernel proper.
For example in kmod and the kernel build environment.
To allow reuse, move it to a new UAPI header.
While it is not a true UAPI, it is a common practice to have
non-UAPI interface definitions in the kernel's UAPI headers.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <thomas.weissschuh@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Petr Pavlu <petr.pavlu@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <nsc@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
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The purpose of the constant it is not entirely clear from its name.
As this constant is going to be exposed in a UAPI header, give it a more
specific name for clarity. As all its users call it 'marker', use that
wording in the constant itself.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <thomas.weissschuh@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Petr Pavlu <petr.pavlu@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <nsc@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
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This enum originates in generic cryptographic code and has a very
generic name. Nowadays it is only used for module signatures.
As this enum is going to be exposed in a UAPI header, give it a more
specific name for clarity and consistency.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <thomas.weissschuh@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Petr Pavlu <petr.pavlu@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <nsc@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
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Only PKCS#7 signatures are used today.
Remove the unused enum values. As this enum is used in on-disk data,
preserve the numeric value.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Weißschuh <thomas.weissschuh@linutronix.de>
Reviewed-by: Petr Pavlu <petr.pavlu@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <nsc@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
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Sync up with mainline to pull in a fix for smb compilation error.
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a72f73c4dd9b ("cgroup: Don't expose dead tasks in cgroup") hid PF_EXITING
tasks from cgroup.procs so that systemd doesn't see tasks that have already
been reaped via waitpid(). However, the populated counter (nr_populated_csets)
is only decremented when the task later passes through cgroup_task_dead() in
finish_task_switch(). This means cgroup.procs can appear empty while the
cgroup is still populated, causing rmdir to fail with -EBUSY.
Fix this by making cgroup_rmdir() wait for dying tasks to fully leave. If the
cgroup is populated but all remaining tasks have PF_EXITING set (the task
iterator returns none due to the existing filter), wait for a kick from
cgroup_task_dead() and retry. The wait is brief as tasks are removed from the
cgroup's css_set between PF_EXITING assertion in do_exit() and
cgroup_task_dead() in finish_task_switch().
v2: cgroup_is_populated() true to false transition happens under css_set_lock
not cgroup_mutex, so retest under css_set_lock before sleeping to avoid
missed wakeups (Sebastian).
Fixes: a72f73c4dd9b ("cgroup: Don't expose dead tasks in cgroup")
Reported-by: kernel test robot <oliver.sang@intel.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-lkp/202603222104.2c81684e-lkp@intel.com
Reported-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Bert Karwatzki <spasswolf@web.de>
Cc: Michal Koutny <mkoutny@suse.com>
Cc: cgroups@vger.kernel.org
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f2fs_handle_page_eio() is the only left place we set CP_ERROR_FLAG
directly, it missed to update superblock.s_stop_reason, let's
call f2fs_handle_critical_error() instead to fix that.
Introduce STOP_CP_REASON_READ_{META,NODE,DATA} stop_cp_reason enum
variable to indicate which kind of data we failed to read.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
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Add a description of struct reader to resolve a kernel-doc warning:
Warning: include/uapi/linux/trace_mmap.h:43 struct member 'reader' not described in 'trace_buffer_meta'
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Masami Hiramatsu (Google) <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull MM fixes from Andrew Morton:
"6 hotfixes. 2 are cc:stable. All are for MM.
All are singletons - please see the changelogs for details"
* tag 'mm-hotfixes-stable-2026-03-23-17-56' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm:
mm/damon/stat: monitor all System RAM resources
mm/zswap: add missing kunmap_local()
mailmap: update email address for Muhammad Usama Anjum
zram: do not slot_free() written-back slots
mm/damon/core: avoid use of half-online-committed context
mm/rmap: clear vma->anon_vma on error
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Flags now control which data user space wants to query,
there is more information sources, and there's ability
to query duration of multiple timestamp reads.
New sources:
- CPU's monotonic,
- CPU's monotonic raw,
- GPU's cycle count
These changes should make the implementation of
VK_KHR_calibrated_timestamps more accurate and much simpler.
Signed-off-by: Marcin Slusarz <marcin.slusarz@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Boris Brezillon <boris.brezillon@collabora.com>
Reviewed-by: Liviu Dudau <liviu.dudau@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Liviu Dudau <liviu.dudau@arm.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260324132557.1707286-1-marcin.slusarz@arm.com
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Since commit 603b44162325 ("bpf: Update the bpf_prog_calc_tag to use
SHA256") made BPF program tags use SHA-256 instead of SHA-1, the header
<crypto/sha1.h> no longer needs to be included. Remove the relevant
inclusions so that they no longer unnecessarily come up in searches for
which kernel code is still using the obsolete SHA-1 algorithm.
Since net/ipv6/addrconf.c was relying on the transitive inclusion of
<crypto/sha1.h> (for an unrelated purpose) via <linux/filter.h>, make it
include <crypto/sha1.h> explicitly in order to keep that file building.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Paul Chaignon <paul.chaignon@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260314214555.112386-1-ebiggers@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
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Wenyuan Li <2063309626@qq.com> says:
The driver currently ignores the return values of several I2C operations
during register writes, which could lead to silent failures and
inconsistent device state.
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/tencent_579D057AC557914CF739A2D9EAD045CE7306@qq.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
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When a driver is probed through __driver_attach(), the bus' match()
callback is called without the device lock held, thus accessing the
driver_override field without a lock, which can cause a UAF.
Fix this by using the driver-core driver_override infrastructure taking
care of proper locking internally.
Note that calling match() from __driver_attach() without the device lock
held is intentional. [1]
Also note that we do not enable the driver_override feature of struct
bus_type, as SPI - in contrast to most other buses - passes "" to
sysfs_emit() when the driver_override pointer is NULL. Thus, printing
"\n" instead of "(null)\n".
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/driver-core/DGRGTIRHA62X.3RY09D9SOK77P@kernel.org/ [1]
Reported-by: Gui-Dong Han <hanguidong02@gmail.com>
Closes: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=220789
Fixes: 5039563e7c25 ("spi: Add driver_override SPI device attribute")
Signed-off-by: Danilo Krummrich <dakr@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260324005919.2408620-12-dakr@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/klassert/ipsec
Steffen Klassert says:
====================
pull request (net): ipsec 2026-03-23
1) Add missing extack for XFRMA_SA_PCPU in add_acquire and allocspi.
From Sabrina Dubroca.
2) Fix the condition on x->pcpu_num in xfrm_sa_len by using the
proper check. From Sabrina Dubroca.
3) Call xdo_dev_state_delete during state update to properly cleanup
the xdo device state. From Sabrina Dubroca.
4) Fix a potential skb leak in espintcp when async crypto is used.
From Sabrina Dubroca.
5) Validate inner IPv4 header length in IPTFS payload to avoid
parsing malformed packets. From Roshan Kumar.
6) Fix skb_put() panic on non-linear skb during IPTFS reassembly.
From Fernando Fernandez Mancera.
7) Silence various sparse warnings related to RCU, state, and policy
handling. From Sabrina Dubroca.
8) Fix work re-schedule race after cancel in xfrm_nat_keepalive_net_fini().
From Hyunwoo Kim.
9) Prevent policy_hthresh.work from racing with netns teardown by using
a proper cleanup mechanism. From Minwoo Ra.
10) Validate that the family of the source and destination addresses match
in pfkey_send_migrate(). From Eric Dumazet.
11) Only publish mode_data after the clone is setup in the IPTFS receive path.
This prevents leaving x->mode_data pointing at freed memory on error.
From Paul Moses.
Please pull or let me know if there are problems.
ipsec-2026-03-23
* tag 'ipsec-2026-03-23' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/klassert/ipsec:
xfrm: iptfs: only publish mode_data after clone setup
af_key: validate families in pfkey_send_migrate()
xfrm: prevent policy_hthresh.work from racing with netns teardown
xfrm: Fix work re-schedule after cancel in xfrm_nat_keepalive_net_fini()
xfrm: avoid RCU warnings around the per-netns netlink socket
xfrm: add rcu_access_pointer to silence sparse warning for xfrm_input_afinfo
xfrm: policy: silence sparse warning in xfrm_policy_unregister_afinfo
xfrm: policy: fix sparse warnings in xfrm_policy_{init,fini}
xfrm: state: silence sparse warnings during netns exit
xfrm: remove rcu/state_hold from xfrm_state_lookup_spi_proto
xfrm: state: add xfrm_state_deref_prot to state_by* walk under lock
xfrm: state: fix sparse warnings around XFRM_STATE_INSERT
xfrm: state: fix sparse warnings in xfrm_state_init
xfrm: state: fix sparse warnings on xfrm_state_hold_rcu
xfrm: iptfs: fix skb_put() panic on non-linear skb during reassembly
xfrm: iptfs: validate inner IPv4 header length in IPTFS payload
esp: fix skb leak with espintcp and async crypto
xfrm: call xdo_dev_state_delete during state update
xfrm: fix the condition on x->pcpu_num in xfrm_sa_len
xfrm: add missing extack for XFRMA_SA_PCPU in add_acquire and allocspi
====================
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260323083440.2741292-1-steffen.klassert@secunet.com
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
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When enabling Context Analysis (CONTEXT_ANALYSIS := y) in arch/x86/kvm
code, Clang's Thread Safety Analysis failed to recognize that identical
per_cpu() accesses refer to the same lock:
| CC [M] arch/x86/kvm/vmx/posted_intr.o
| arch/x86/kvm/vmx/posted_intr.c:186:2: error: releasing raw_spinlock '__ptr + __per_cpu_offset[vcpu->cpu]' that was not held [-Werror,-Wthread-safety-analysis]
| 186 | raw_spin_unlock(&per_cpu(wakeup_vcpus_on_cpu_lock, vcpu->cpu));
| | ^
| ./include/linux/spinlock.h:276:32: note: expanded from macro 'raw_spin_unlock'
| 276 | #define raw_spin_unlock(lock) _raw_spin_unlock(lock)
| | ^
| arch/x86/kvm/vmx/posted_intr.c:207:1: error: raw_spinlock '__ptr + __per_cpu_offset[vcpu->cpu]' is still held at the end of function [-Werror,-Wthread-safety-analysis]
| 207 | }
| | ^
| arch/x86/kvm/vmx/posted_intr.c:182:2: note: raw_spinlock acquired here
| 182 | raw_spin_lock_nested(&per_cpu(wakeup_vcpus_on_cpu_lock, vcpu->cpu),
| | ^
| ./include/linux/spinlock.h:235:2: note: expanded from macro 'raw_spin_lock_nested'
| 235 | _raw_spin_lock(((void)(subclass), (lock)))
| | ^
| 2 errors generated.
This occurred because the default RELOC_HIDE() implementation (used by
the per-CPU macros) is a statement expression containing an intermediate
'unsigned long' variable (this version appears to predate Git history).
While the analysis strips away inner casts when resolving pointer
aliases, it stops when encountering intermediate non-pointer variables
(this is Thread Safety Analysis specific and irrelevant for codegen).
This prevents the analysis from concluding that the pointers passed to
e.g. raw_spin_lock() and raw_spin_unlock() were identical when per-CPU
accessors are used.
Simplify RELOC_HIDE() to a single expression. This preserves the intent
of obfuscating UB-introducing out-of-bounds pointer calculations from
the compiler via the 'unsigned long' cast, but allows the alias analysis
to successfully resolve the pointers.
Using a recent Clang version, I observe that generated code remains the
same for vmlinux; the intermediate variable was already being optimized
away (for any respectable modern compiler, not doing so would be an
optimizer bug). Note that GCC provides its own version of RELOC_HIDE(),
so this change only affects Clang builds.
Add a test case to lib/test_context-analysis.c to catch any regressions.
Reported-by: Bart Van Assche <bvanassche@acm.org>
Reported-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Marco Elver <elver@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/e3946223-4543-4a76-a328-9c6865e95192@acm.org/
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260319135245.1420780-1-elver@google.com
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>From hardware implementation perspective, a guest tegra241-cmdqv hardware
is different than the host hardware:
- Host HW is backed by a VINTF (HYP_OWN=1)
- Guest HW is backed by a VINTF (HYP_OWN=0)
The kernel driver has an implementation requirement of the HYP_OWN bit in
the VM. So, VMM must follow that to allow the same copy of Linux to work.
Add this requirement to the uAPI, which is currently missing.
Fixes: 4dc0d12474f9 ("iommu/tegra241-cmdqv: Add user-space use support")
Signed-off-by: Nicolin Chen <nicolinc@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Auger <eric.auger@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jason Gunthorpe <jgg@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
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struct asoc_sdw_codec_info has part_id which is not
sufficient to uniquely identify devices. This change
adds the vendor_id field and updates the codec_info
list with the corresponding vendor id as per the
Manufacturer's id in https://mid.mipi.org/
Signed-off-by: Niranjan H Y <niranjan.hy@ti.com>
Reviewed-by: Bard Liao <yung-chuan.liao@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Pierre-Louis Bossart <pierre-louis.bossart@linux.dev>
Reviewed-by: Charles Keepax <ckeepax@opensource.cirrus.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260324041300.784-1-niranjan.hy@ti.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
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The hdmi_colorspace enum was defined to represent the colorspace value
of the HDMI infoframes. It was later used by some HDMI drivers to
express the output format they should be setting up.
During the introduction of the HDMI helpers, it then was used to
represent it in the drm_connector_hdmi_state structure.
However, it's always been somewhat redundant with the DRM_COLOR_FORMAT_*
defines, and now with the drm_output_color_format enum. Let's
consolidate around drm_output_color_format in drm_connector_hdmi_state
to facilitate the current effort to provide a global output format
selection mechanism.
Acked-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Frattaroli <nicolas.frattaroli@collabora.com>
Reviewed-by: Dmitry Baryshkov <dmitry.baryshkov@oss.qualcomm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260305-drm-rework-color-formats-v3-14-f3935f6db579@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Maxime Ripard <mripard@kernel.org>
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Now that all users of DRM_COLOR_FORMAT_* defines have been converted to
the new enum, we can get rid of those defines.
Acked-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Dmitry Baryshkov <dmitry.baryshkov@oss.qualcomm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260305-drm-rework-color-formats-v3-13-f3935f6db579@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Maxime Ripard <mripard@kernel.org>
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The EDID parsing code initially introduced the DRM_COLOR_FORMAT_*
defines to represent the sink capabilities. Since a given sink could
support multiple formats, it was first defined as a bitmask.
However, the core and drivers have since leveraged those defines to
represent both the supported formats but also the current format being
used.
Considering the latter case, the more natural, and consistent, thing to
do would be to create an enum of all the possible formats, and then list
the supported formats using a bitmask of the individual enum values.
Let's create a new enum following that pattern, drm_output_color_format,
while maintaining the DRM_COLOR_FORMAT_* compatibility to make the
transition easier.
Acked-by: Jani Nikula <jani.nikula@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Liviu Dudau <liviu.dudau@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Dmitry Baryshkov <dmitry.baryshkov@oss.qualcomm.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260305-drm-rework-color-formats-v3-1-f3935f6db579@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Maxime Ripard <mripard@kernel.org>
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This is a counterpart of pinctrl_gpio_set_config(), which will be used
to implement the ->get() interface in a GPIO driver for SCMI.
This also requires that we create a stub so pin_config_get_for_pin()
can build when CONFIG_PINCONF is disabled.
Signed-off-by: AKASHI Takahiro <takahiro.akashi@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@linaro.org>
Reviewed-by: Linus Walleij <linusw@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij <linusw@kernel.org>
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Add a constant for APM-to-AP mailbox clock. This clock is needed
to access this mailbox registers.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Klimov <alexey.klimov@linaro.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260320-exynos850-ap2apm-mailbox-v1-1-983eb3f296fc@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Krzysztof Kozlowski <krzk@kernel.org>
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and unlocked
The recently added v4l2_subdev_get_frame_desc_passthrough() can be used
directly as an implementation for .get_frame_desc subdev op. However, in
some cases the drivers may want to add some customizations, while the
bulk of the work is still identical to what
v4l2_subdev_get_frame_desc_passthrough() does. Current locking scheme
makes this impossible to do properly.
Split v4l2_subdev_get_frame_desc_passthrough() into two functions:
__v4l2_subdev_get_frame_desc_passthrough(), which takes a locked subdev
state as a parameter, instead of locking and getting the active state
internally. Other than that, it does the same as
v4l2_subdev_get_frame_desc_passthrough() used to do.
v4l2_subdev_get_frame_desc_passthrough(), which locks the active state
and calls __v4l2_subdev_get_frame_desc_passthrough().
In other words, v4l2_subdev_get_frame_desc_passthrough() works as
before, but drivers can now alternatively add custom .get_frame_desc
code and call v4l2_subdev_get_frame_desc_passthrough().
An example use case is with DS90UB953 serializer: in normal use the
serializer passes through everything, but when test-pattern-generator
(TPG) is used, an internal TPG source is used. After this commit, the
UB953 get_frame_desc() can lock the state, look at the routing table to
see if we're in normal or TPG mode, then either call
__v4l2_subdev_get_frame_desc_passthrough() if in normal mode, or
construct a TPG frame desc if in TPG mode.
Signed-off-by: Tomi Valkeinen <tomi.valkeinen+renesas@ideasonboard.com>
[Sakari Ailus: Rebase on an earlier remote source pad error code fix.]
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart+renesas@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil+cisco@kernel.org>
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Improve the v4l2_subdev_get_frame_desc_passthrough() kernel doc:
- Fix 'v4l2_get_frame_desc' operation to 'get_frame_desc' operation
- Rewrite the body text to be more understandable and specific, and
specifically mention the frame desc type handling.
Signed-off-by: Tomi Valkeinen <tomi.valkeinen+renesas@ideasonboard.com>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart+renesas@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil+cisco@kernel.org>
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In general drivers get their firmware graph endpoints from system
firmware, but on some systems this information is conveyed to drivers via
software nodes. The software nodes may be instantiated only after the
drivers are first probed, requiring drivers to explicitly issue
-EPROBE_DEFER when endpoints aren't found.
Instead of doing this in all (or at least most) drivers, make v4l2-fwnode
endpoint parsing functions v4l2_fwnode_endpoint_parse() and
v4l2_fwnode_endpoint_alloc_parse() return -EPROBE_DEFER when an endpoint
is NULL.
Signed-off-by: Sakari Ailus <sakari.ailus@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Frank Li <Frank.Li@nxp.com>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Pinchart <laurent.pinchart+renesas@ideasonboard.com>
Signed-off-by: Hans Verkuil <hverkuil+cisco@kernel.org>
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The commit a2fb4bc4e2a6a03 ("net: implement virtio helpers to handle UDP
GSO tunneling.") introduces support for the UDP GSO tunnel feature in
virtio-net.
The virtio spec says:
If the \field{gso_type} has the VIRTIO_NET_HDR_GSO_UDP_TUNNEL_IPV4 bit or
VIRTIO_NET_HDR_GSO_UDP_TUNNEL_IPV6 bit set, \field{hdr_len} accounts for
all the headers up to and including the inner transport.
The commit did not update the hdr_len to include the inner transport.
I observed that the "hdr_len" is 116 for this packet:
17:36:18.241105 52:55:00:d1:27:0a > 2e:2c:df:46:a9:e1, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 2912: (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 45197, offset 0, flags [none], proto UDP (17), length 2898)
192.168.122.100.50613 > 192.168.122.1.4789: [bad udp cksum 0x8106 -> 0x26a0!] VXLAN, flags [I] (0x08), vni 1
fa:c3:ba:82:05:ee > ce:85:0c:31:77:e5, ethertype IPv4 (0x0800), length 2862: (tos 0x0, ttl 64, id 14678, offset 0, flags [DF], proto TCP (6), length 2848)
192.168.3.1.49880 > 192.168.3.2.9898: Flags [P.], cksum 0x9266 (incorrect -> 0xaa20), seq 515667:518463, ack 1, win 64, options [nop,nop,TS val 2990048824 ecr 2798801412], length 2796
116 = 14(mac) + 20(ip) + 8(udp) + 8(vxlan) + 14(inner mac) + 20(inner ip) + 32(innner tcp)
Fixes: a2fb4bc4e2a6a03 ("net: implement virtio helpers to handle UDP GSO tunneling.")
Signed-off-by: Xuan Zhuo <xuanzhuo@linux.alibaba.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260320021818.111741-3-xuanzhuo@linux.alibaba.com
Acked-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
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The commit be50da3e9d4a ("net: virtio_net: implement exact header length
guest feature") introduces support for the VIRTIO_NET_F_GUEST_HDRLEN
feature in virtio-net.
This feature requires virtio-net to set hdr_len to the actual header
length of the packet when transmitting, the number of
bytes from the start of the packet to the beginning of the
transport-layer payload.
However, in practice, hdr_len was being set using skb_headlen(skb),
which is clearly incorrect. This commit fixes that issue.
Fixes: be50da3e9d4a ("net: virtio_net: implement exact header length guest feature")
Signed-off-by: Xuan Zhuo <xuanzhuo@linux.alibaba.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260320021818.111741-2-xuanzhuo@linux.alibaba.com
Acked-by: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
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Our xe-vfio-pci component relies on the confirmation from the PF
that VF FLR processing has finished, but due to the notification
latency on the HW/FW side, PF might be unaware yet of the already
triggered VF FLR.
Update VF state machine with new FLR_PREPARE state that indicate
imminent VF FLR notification and treat that as a begin of the FLR
sequence. Also introduce function that xe-vfio-pci should call to
guarantee correct synchronization.
v2: move PREPARE into WIP, update commit msg (Michal)
Signed-off-by: Piotr Piórkowski <piotr.piorkowski@intel.com>
Co-developed-by: Michal Wajdeczko <michal.wajdeczko@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Michal Wajdeczko <michal.wajdeczko@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Michał Winiarski <michal.winiarski@intel.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260309152449.910636-2-piotr.piorkowski@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Michał Winiarski <michal.winiarski@intel.com>
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Commit 8e8e23dea43e ("sched/topology: Compute sd_weight considering
cpuset partitions") ends up relying on the fact that structure
initialization should not touch the flexible array.
However, the official GCC specification for "Arrays of Length Zero"
[*] says:
Although the size of a zero-length array is zero, an array member of
this kind may increase the size of the enclosing type as a result of
tail padding.
Additionally, structure initialization will zero tail padding. With
the end result that since offsetof(*type, member) < sizeof(*type),
array initialization will clobber the flex array.
Luckily, the way flexible array sizes are calculated is:
sizeof(*type) + count * sizeof(*type->member)
This means we have the complete size of the flex array *outside* of
sizeof(*type), so use that instead of relying on the broken flex array
definition.
[*] https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Zero-Length.html
Fixes: 8e8e23dea43e ("sched/topology: Compute sd_weight considering cpuset partitions")
Reported-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Debugged-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Tested-by: Jon Hunter <jonathanh@nvidia.com>
Tested-by: Chen Yu <yu.c.chen@intel.com>
Tested-by: K Prateek Nayak <kprateek.nayak@amd.com>
Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260323093627.GY3738010@noisy.programming.kicks-ass.net
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git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip
Pull xen fixes from Juergen Gross:
"Restrict the xen privcmd driver in unprivileged domU to only allow
hypercalls to target domain when using secure boot"
* tag 'xsa482-7.0-tag' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/xen/tip:
xen/privcmd: add boot control for restricted usage in domU
xen/privcmd: restrict usage in unprivileged domU
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'20260120-topic-7180_dispcc_bcr-v1-1-0b1b442156c3@oss.qualcomm.com' into clk-for-7.1
Merge the addition of reset constants to the SC7180 display clock
controller through a topic branch, in order to make them available to
the DeviceTree branch as well.
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The MDSS resets have so far been left undescribed. Fix that.
Fixes: 75616da71291 ("dt-bindings: clock: Introduce QCOM sc7180 display clock bindings")
Signed-off-by: Konrad Dybcio <konrad.dybcio@oss.qualcomm.com>
Reviewed-by: Taniya Das <taniya.das@oss.qualcomm.com>
Acked-by: Krzysztof Kozlowski <krzysztof.kozlowski@oss.qualcomm.com>
Tested-by: Val Packett <val@packett.cool> # sc7180-ecs-liva-qc710
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260120-topic-7180_dispcc_bcr-v1-1-0b1b442156c3@oss.qualcomm.com
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Andersson <andersson@kernel.org>
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When binding a udp_sock to a local address and port, UDP uses
two hashes (udptable->hash and udptable->hash2) for collision
detection. The current code switches to "hash2" when
hslot->count > 10.
"hash2" is keyed by local address and local port.
"hash" is keyed by local port only.
The issue can be shown in the following bind sequence (pseudo code):
bind(fd1, "[fd00::1]:8888")
bind(fd2, "[fd00::2]:8888")
bind(fd3, "[fd00::3]:8888")
bind(fd4, "[fd00::4]:8888")
bind(fd5, "[fd00::5]:8888")
bind(fd6, "[fd00::6]:8888")
bind(fd7, "[fd00::7]:8888")
bind(fd8, "[fd00::8]:8888")
bind(fd9, "[fd00::9]:8888")
bind(fd10, "[fd00::10]:8888")
/* Correctly return -EADDRINUSE because "hash" is used
* instead of "hash2". udp_lib_lport_inuse() detects the
* conflict.
*/
bind(fail_fd, "[::]:8888")
/* After one more socket is bound to "[fd00::11]:8888",
* hslot->count exceeds 10 and "hash2" is used instead.
*/
bind(fd11, "[fd00::11]:8888")
bind(fail_fd, "[::]:8888") /* succeeds unexpectedly */
The same issue applies to the IPv4 wildcard address "0.0.0.0"
and the IPv4-mapped wildcard address "::ffff:0.0.0.0". For
example, if there are existing sockets bound to
"192.168.1.[1-11]:8888", then binding "0.0.0.0:8888" or
"[::ffff:0.0.0.0]:8888" can also miss the conflict when
hslot->count > 10.
TCP inet_csk_get_port() already has the correct check in
inet_use_bhash2_on_bind(). Rename it to
inet_use_hash2_on_bind() and move it to inet_hashtables.h
so udp.c can reuse it in this fix.
Fixes: 30fff9231fad ("udp: bind() optimisation")
Reported-by: Andrew Onyshchuk <oandrew@meta.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin KaFai Lau <martin.lau@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Kuniyuki Iwashima <kuniyu@google.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260319181817.1901357-1-martin.lau@linux.dev
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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The core locks ctx->indir_size when an RSS context is created. Some
NICs (e.g. bnxt) change their indirection table size based on the
channel count, because the hardware table is a shared resource. This
forces drivers to reject channel changes when RSS contexts exist.
Add driver helpers to resize indirection tables:
ethtool_rxfh_indir_can_resize() checks whether the default context
indirection table can be resized.
ethtool_rxfh_indir_resize() resizes the default context table in
place. Folding (shrink) requires the table to be periodic at the new
size; non-periodic tables are rejected. Unfolding (grow) replicates
the existing pattern. Sizes must be multiples of each other.
ethtool_rxfh_ctxs_can_resize() validates all non-default RSS contexts
can be resized.
ethtool_rxfh_ctxs_resize() applies the resize.
Signed-off-by: Björn Töpel <bjorn@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260320085826.1957255-3-bjorn@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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Track the number of indirection table entries the user originally
provided (context 0/default as well!).
Replace IFF_RXFH_CONFIGURED with rss_indir_user_size: the flag is
redundant now that user_size captures the same information.
Add ethtool_rxfh_indir_lost() for drivers that must reset the
indirection table.
Convert bnxt and mlx5 to use it.
Signed-off-by: Björn Töpel <bjorn@kernel.org>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260320085826.1957255-2-bjorn@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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Use the new netdev_from_priv() helper to access the net device from
struct team.
Signed-off-by: Qingfang Deng <dqfext@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260320075605.490832-2-dqfext@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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Add a helper to get netdev from private data pointer, so drivers won't
have to store redundant netdev in priv.
Signed-off-by: Qingfang Deng <dqfext@gmail.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260320075605.490832-1-dqfext@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
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Update one driver that used sizeof(struct sm3_state) to use
sizeof(struct sm3_ctx) instead. Then, remove struct sm3_state and
SM3_STATE_SIZE.
This completes the replacement of struct sm3_state with struct sm3_ctx.
Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260321040935.410034-13-ebiggers@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
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Since the architecture-optimized SM3 code was migrated into lib/crypto/,
sm3_block_generic() is no longer called. Remove it. Then, since this
frees up the name, rename sm3_transform() to sm3_block_generic()
(matching the naming convention used in other hash algorithms).
Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260321040935.410034-12-ebiggers@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
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Remove include/crypto/sm3_base.h, since it's no longer used. The
corresponding logic was reimplemented in a central place in lib/crypto/.
Acked-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20260321040935.410034-11-ebiggers@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@kernel.org>
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