<feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom'>
<title>linux-stable.git/mm, branch v6.5.4</title>
<subtitle>Linux kernel stable tree</subtitle>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/'/>
<entry>
<title>vm: fix move_vma() memory accounting being off</title>
<updated>2023-09-19T10:30:30+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Linus Torvalds</name>
<email>torvalds@linux-foundation.org</email>
</author>
<published>2023-09-16T19:31:42+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=85746e2ab3fa8c392103507a2de765b2078a609f'/>
<id>85746e2ab3fa8c392103507a2de765b2078a609f</id>
<content type='text'>
commit 3cec50490969afd4a76ccee441f747d869ccff77 upstream.

Commit 408579cd627a ("mm: Update do_vmi_align_munmap() return
semantics") seems to have updated one of the callers of do_vmi_munmap()
incorrectly: it used to check for the error case (which didn't
change: negative means error).

That commit changed the check to the success case (which did change:
before that commit, 0 was success, and 1 was "success and lock
downgraded".  After the change, it's always 0 for success, and the lock
will have been released if requested).

This didn't change any actual VM behavior _except_ for memory accounting
when 'VM_ACCOUNT' was set on the vma.  Which made the wrong return value
test fairly subtle, since everything continues to work.

Or rather - it continues to work but the "Committed memory" accounting
goes all wonky (Committed_AS value in /proc/meminfo), and depending on
settings that then causes problems much much later as the VM relies on
bogus statistics for its heuristics.

Revert that one line of the change back to the original logic.

Fixes: 408579cd627a ("mm: Update do_vmi_align_munmap() return semantics")
Reported-by: Christoph Biedl &lt;linux-kernel.bfrz@manchmal.in-ulm.de&gt;
Reported-bisected-and-tested-by: Michael Labiuk &lt;michael.labiuk@virtuozzo.com&gt;
Cc: Bagas Sanjaya &lt;bagasdotme@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Liam R. Howlett &lt;Liam.Howlett@oracle.com&gt;
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/1694366957@msgid.manchmal.in-ulm.de/
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Cc: Helge Deller &lt;deller@gmx.de&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
commit 3cec50490969afd4a76ccee441f747d869ccff77 upstream.

Commit 408579cd627a ("mm: Update do_vmi_align_munmap() return
semantics") seems to have updated one of the callers of do_vmi_munmap()
incorrectly: it used to check for the error case (which didn't
change: negative means error).

That commit changed the check to the success case (which did change:
before that commit, 0 was success, and 1 was "success and lock
downgraded".  After the change, it's always 0 for success, and the lock
will have been released if requested).

This didn't change any actual VM behavior _except_ for memory accounting
when 'VM_ACCOUNT' was set on the vma.  Which made the wrong return value
test fairly subtle, since everything continues to work.

Or rather - it continues to work but the "Committed memory" accounting
goes all wonky (Committed_AS value in /proc/meminfo), and depending on
settings that then causes problems much much later as the VM relies on
bogus statistics for its heuristics.

Revert that one line of the change back to the original logic.

Fixes: 408579cd627a ("mm: Update do_vmi_align_munmap() return semantics")
Reported-by: Christoph Biedl &lt;linux-kernel.bfrz@manchmal.in-ulm.de&gt;
Reported-bisected-and-tested-by: Michael Labiuk &lt;michael.labiuk@virtuozzo.com&gt;
Cc: Bagas Sanjaya &lt;bagasdotme@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Liam R. Howlett &lt;Liam.Howlett@oracle.com&gt;
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/1694366957@msgid.manchmal.in-ulm.de/
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Cc: Helge Deller &lt;deller@gmx.de&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>memcontrol: ensure memcg acquired by id is properly set up</title>
<updated>2023-09-19T10:30:23+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Johannes Weiner</name>
<email>hannes@cmpxchg.org</email>
</author>
<published>2023-08-23T22:54:30+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=b9d30c38ee859d833a51131b5b4b864c7a6219d0'/>
<id>b9d30c38ee859d833a51131b5b4b864c7a6219d0</id>
<content type='text'>
commit 6f0df8e16eb543167f2929cb756e695709a3551d upstream.

In the eviction recency check, we attempt to retrieve the memcg to which
the folio belonged when it was evicted, by the memcg id stored in the
shadow entry.  However, there is a chance that the retrieved memcg is not
the original memcg that has been killed, but a new one which happens to
have the same id.

This is a somewhat unfortunate, but acceptable and rare inaccuracy in the
heuristics.  However, if we retrieve this new memcg between its allocation
and when it is properly attached to the memcg hierarchy, we could run into
the following NULL pointer exception during the memcg hierarchy traversal
done in mem_cgroup_get_nr_swap_pages():

[ 155757.793456] BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 00000000000000c0
[ 155757.807568] #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode
[ 155757.818024] #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page
[ 155757.828482] PGD 401f77067 P4D 401f77067 PUD 401f76067 PMD 0
[ 155757.839985] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP
[ 155757.887870] RIP: 0010:mem_cgroup_get_nr_swap_pages+0x3d/0xb0
[ 155757.899377] Code: 29 19 4a 02 48 39 f9 74 63 48 8b 97 c0 00 00 00 48 8b b7 58 02 00 00 48 2b b7 c0 01 00 00 48 39 f0 48 0f 4d c6 48 39 d1 74 42 &lt;48&gt; 8b b2 c0 00 00 00 48 8b ba 58 02 00 00 48 2b ba c0 01 00 00 48
[ 155757.937125] RSP: 0018:ffffc9002ecdfbc8 EFLAGS: 00010286
[ 155757.947755] RAX: 00000000003a3b1c RBX: 000007ffffffffff RCX: ffff888280183000
[ 155757.962202] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0007ffffffffffff RDI: ffff888bbc2d1000
[ 155757.976648] RBP: 0000000000000001 R08: 000000000000000b R09: ffff888ad9cedba0
[ 155757.991094] R10: ffffea0039c07900 R11: 0000000000000010 R12: ffff888b23a7b000
[ 155758.005540] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: ffff888bbc2d1000 R15: 000007ffffc71354
[ 155758.019991] FS:  00007f6234c68640(0000) GS:ffff88903f9c0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[ 155758.036356] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[ 155758.048023] CR2: 00000000000000c0 CR3: 0000000a83eb8004 CR4: 00000000007706e0
[ 155758.062473] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
[ 155758.076924] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
[ 155758.091376] PKRU: 55555554
[ 155758.096957] Call Trace:
[ 155758.102016]  &lt;TASK&gt;
[ 155758.106502]  ? __die+0x78/0xc0
[ 155758.112793]  ? page_fault_oops+0x286/0x380
[ 155758.121175]  ? exc_page_fault+0x5d/0x110
[ 155758.129209]  ? asm_exc_page_fault+0x22/0x30
[ 155758.137763]  ? mem_cgroup_get_nr_swap_pages+0x3d/0xb0
[ 155758.148060]  workingset_test_recent+0xda/0x1b0
[ 155758.157133]  workingset_refault+0xca/0x1e0
[ 155758.165508]  filemap_add_folio+0x4d/0x70
[ 155758.173538]  page_cache_ra_unbounded+0xed/0x190
[ 155758.182919]  page_cache_sync_ra+0xd6/0x1e0
[ 155758.191738]  filemap_read+0x68d/0xdf0
[ 155758.199495]  ? mlx5e_napi_poll+0x123/0x940
[ 155758.207981]  ? __napi_schedule+0x55/0x90
[ 155758.216095]  __x64_sys_pread64+0x1d6/0x2c0
[ 155758.224601]  do_syscall_64+0x3d/0x80
[ 155758.232058]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x46/0xb0
[ 155758.242473] RIP: 0033:0x7f62c29153b5
[ 155758.249938] Code: e8 48 89 75 f0 89 7d f8 48 89 4d e0 e8 b4 e6 f7 ff 41 89 c0 4c 8b 55 e0 48 8b 55 e8 48 8b 75 f0 8b 7d f8 b8 11 00 00 00 0f 05 &lt;48&gt; 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 33 44 89 c7 48 89 45 f8 e8 e7 e6 f7 ff 48 8b
[ 155758.288005] RSP: 002b:00007f6234c5ffd0 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000011
[ 155758.303474] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f628c4e70c0 RCX: 00007f62c29153b5
[ 155758.318075] RDX: 000000000003c041 RSI: 00007f61d2986000 RDI: 0000000000000076
[ 155758.332678] RBP: 00007f6234c5fff0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000064d5230c
[ 155758.347452] R10: 000000000027d450 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 000000000003c041
[ 155758.362044] R13: 00007f61d2986000 R14: 00007f629e11b060 R15: 000000000027d450
[ 155758.376661]  &lt;/TASK&gt;

This patch fixes the issue by moving the memcg's id publication from the
alloc stage to online stage, ensuring that any memcg acquired via id must
be connected to the memcg tree.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230823225430.166925-1-nphamcs@gmail.com
Fixes: f78dfc7b77d5 ("workingset: fix confusion around eviction vs refault container")
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner &lt;hannes@cmpxchg.org&gt;
Co-developed-by: Nhat Pham &lt;nphamcs@gmail.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Nhat Pham &lt;nphamcs@gmail.com&gt;
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt &lt;shakeelb@google.com&gt;
Cc: Yosry Ahmed &lt;yosryahmed@google.com&gt;
Cc: Michal Hocko &lt;mhocko@suse.com&gt;
Cc: Roman Gushchin &lt;roman.gushchin@linux.dev&gt;
Cc: Muchun Song &lt;songmuchun@bytedance.com&gt;
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
commit 6f0df8e16eb543167f2929cb756e695709a3551d upstream.

In the eviction recency check, we attempt to retrieve the memcg to which
the folio belonged when it was evicted, by the memcg id stored in the
shadow entry.  However, there is a chance that the retrieved memcg is not
the original memcg that has been killed, but a new one which happens to
have the same id.

This is a somewhat unfortunate, but acceptable and rare inaccuracy in the
heuristics.  However, if we retrieve this new memcg between its allocation
and when it is properly attached to the memcg hierarchy, we could run into
the following NULL pointer exception during the memcg hierarchy traversal
done in mem_cgroup_get_nr_swap_pages():

[ 155757.793456] BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 00000000000000c0
[ 155757.807568] #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode
[ 155757.818024] #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page
[ 155757.828482] PGD 401f77067 P4D 401f77067 PUD 401f76067 PMD 0
[ 155757.839985] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP
[ 155757.887870] RIP: 0010:mem_cgroup_get_nr_swap_pages+0x3d/0xb0
[ 155757.899377] Code: 29 19 4a 02 48 39 f9 74 63 48 8b 97 c0 00 00 00 48 8b b7 58 02 00 00 48 2b b7 c0 01 00 00 48 39 f0 48 0f 4d c6 48 39 d1 74 42 &lt;48&gt; 8b b2 c0 00 00 00 48 8b ba 58 02 00 00 48 2b ba c0 01 00 00 48
[ 155757.937125] RSP: 0018:ffffc9002ecdfbc8 EFLAGS: 00010286
[ 155757.947755] RAX: 00000000003a3b1c RBX: 000007ffffffffff RCX: ffff888280183000
[ 155757.962202] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0007ffffffffffff RDI: ffff888bbc2d1000
[ 155757.976648] RBP: 0000000000000001 R08: 000000000000000b R09: ffff888ad9cedba0
[ 155757.991094] R10: ffffea0039c07900 R11: 0000000000000010 R12: ffff888b23a7b000
[ 155758.005540] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: ffff888bbc2d1000 R15: 000007ffffc71354
[ 155758.019991] FS:  00007f6234c68640(0000) GS:ffff88903f9c0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[ 155758.036356] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[ 155758.048023] CR2: 00000000000000c0 CR3: 0000000a83eb8004 CR4: 00000000007706e0
[ 155758.062473] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
[ 155758.076924] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400
[ 155758.091376] PKRU: 55555554
[ 155758.096957] Call Trace:
[ 155758.102016]  &lt;TASK&gt;
[ 155758.106502]  ? __die+0x78/0xc0
[ 155758.112793]  ? page_fault_oops+0x286/0x380
[ 155758.121175]  ? exc_page_fault+0x5d/0x110
[ 155758.129209]  ? asm_exc_page_fault+0x22/0x30
[ 155758.137763]  ? mem_cgroup_get_nr_swap_pages+0x3d/0xb0
[ 155758.148060]  workingset_test_recent+0xda/0x1b0
[ 155758.157133]  workingset_refault+0xca/0x1e0
[ 155758.165508]  filemap_add_folio+0x4d/0x70
[ 155758.173538]  page_cache_ra_unbounded+0xed/0x190
[ 155758.182919]  page_cache_sync_ra+0xd6/0x1e0
[ 155758.191738]  filemap_read+0x68d/0xdf0
[ 155758.199495]  ? mlx5e_napi_poll+0x123/0x940
[ 155758.207981]  ? __napi_schedule+0x55/0x90
[ 155758.216095]  __x64_sys_pread64+0x1d6/0x2c0
[ 155758.224601]  do_syscall_64+0x3d/0x80
[ 155758.232058]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x46/0xb0
[ 155758.242473] RIP: 0033:0x7f62c29153b5
[ 155758.249938] Code: e8 48 89 75 f0 89 7d f8 48 89 4d e0 e8 b4 e6 f7 ff 41 89 c0 4c 8b 55 e0 48 8b 55 e8 48 8b 75 f0 8b 7d f8 b8 11 00 00 00 0f 05 &lt;48&gt; 3d 00 f0 ff ff 77 33 44 89 c7 48 89 45 f8 e8 e7 e6 f7 ff 48 8b
[ 155758.288005] RSP: 002b:00007f6234c5ffd0 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 0000000000000011
[ 155758.303474] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 00007f628c4e70c0 RCX: 00007f62c29153b5
[ 155758.318075] RDX: 000000000003c041 RSI: 00007f61d2986000 RDI: 0000000000000076
[ 155758.332678] RBP: 00007f6234c5fff0 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000064d5230c
[ 155758.347452] R10: 000000000027d450 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 000000000003c041
[ 155758.362044] R13: 00007f61d2986000 R14: 00007f629e11b060 R15: 000000000027d450
[ 155758.376661]  &lt;/TASK&gt;

This patch fixes the issue by moving the memcg's id publication from the
alloc stage to online stage, ensuring that any memcg acquired via id must
be connected to the memcg tree.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230823225430.166925-1-nphamcs@gmail.com
Fixes: f78dfc7b77d5 ("workingset: fix confusion around eviction vs refault container")
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner &lt;hannes@cmpxchg.org&gt;
Co-developed-by: Nhat Pham &lt;nphamcs@gmail.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Nhat Pham &lt;nphamcs@gmail.com&gt;
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt &lt;shakeelb@google.com&gt;
Cc: Yosry Ahmed &lt;yosryahmed@google.com&gt;
Cc: Michal Hocko &lt;mhocko@suse.com&gt;
Cc: Roman Gushchin &lt;roman.gushchin@linux.dev&gt;
Cc: Muchun Song &lt;songmuchun@bytedance.com&gt;
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>Multi-gen LRU: avoid race in inc_min_seq()</title>
<updated>2023-09-19T10:30:11+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Kalesh Singh</name>
<email>kaleshsingh@google.com</email>
</author>
<published>2023-08-02T02:56:03+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=6599f72bed2364750e4f6f3a6f5f17ad0b3e1a0d'/>
<id>6599f72bed2364750e4f6f3a6f5f17ad0b3e1a0d</id>
<content type='text'>
commit bb5e7f234eacf34b65be67ebb3613e3b8cf11b87 upstream.

inc_max_seq() will try to inc_min_seq() if nr_gens == MAX_NR_GENS. This
is because the generations are reused (the last oldest now empty
generation will become the next youngest generation).

inc_min_seq() is retried until successful, dropping the lru_lock
and yielding the CPU on each failure, and retaking the lock before
trying again:

        while (!inc_min_seq(lruvec, type, can_swap)) {
                spin_unlock_irq(&amp;lruvec-&gt;lru_lock);
                cond_resched();
                spin_lock_irq(&amp;lruvec-&gt;lru_lock);
        }

However, the initial condition that required incrementing the min_seq
(nr_gens == MAX_NR_GENS) is not retested. This can change by another
call to inc_max_seq() from run_aging() with force_scan=true from the
debugfs interface.

Since the eviction stalls when the nr_gens == MIN_NR_GENS, avoid
unnecessarily incrementing the min_seq by rechecking the number of
generations before each attempt.

This issue was uncovered in previous discussion on the list by Yu Zhao
and Aneesh Kumar [1].

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/CAOUHufbO7CaVm=xjEb1avDhHVvnC8pJmGyKcFf2iY_dpf+zR3w@mail.gmail.com/

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230802025606.346758-2-kaleshsingh@google.com
Fixes: d6c3af7d8a2b ("mm: multi-gen LRU: debugfs interface")
Signed-off-by: Kalesh Singh &lt;kaleshsingh@google.com&gt;
Tested-by: AngeloGioacchino Del Regno &lt;angelogioacchino.delregno@collabora.com&gt; [mediatek]
Tested-by: Charan Teja Kalla &lt;quic_charante@quicinc.com&gt;
Cc: Yu Zhao &lt;yuzhao@google.com&gt;
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K V &lt;aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com&gt;
Cc: Barry Song &lt;baohua@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Brian Geffon &lt;bgeffon@google.com&gt;
Cc: Jan Alexander Steffens (heftig) &lt;heftig@archlinux.org&gt;
Cc: Lecopzer Chen &lt;lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com&gt;
Cc: Matthias Brugger &lt;matthias.bgg@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Oleksandr Natalenko &lt;oleksandr@natalenko.name&gt;
Cc: Qi Zheng &lt;zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com&gt;
Cc: Steven Barrett &lt;steven@liquorix.net&gt;
Cc: Suleiman Souhlal &lt;suleiman@google.com&gt;
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan &lt;surenb@google.com&gt;
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
commit bb5e7f234eacf34b65be67ebb3613e3b8cf11b87 upstream.

inc_max_seq() will try to inc_min_seq() if nr_gens == MAX_NR_GENS. This
is because the generations are reused (the last oldest now empty
generation will become the next youngest generation).

inc_min_seq() is retried until successful, dropping the lru_lock
and yielding the CPU on each failure, and retaking the lock before
trying again:

        while (!inc_min_seq(lruvec, type, can_swap)) {
                spin_unlock_irq(&amp;lruvec-&gt;lru_lock);
                cond_resched();
                spin_lock_irq(&amp;lruvec-&gt;lru_lock);
        }

However, the initial condition that required incrementing the min_seq
(nr_gens == MAX_NR_GENS) is not retested. This can change by another
call to inc_max_seq() from run_aging() with force_scan=true from the
debugfs interface.

Since the eviction stalls when the nr_gens == MIN_NR_GENS, avoid
unnecessarily incrementing the min_seq by rechecking the number of
generations before each attempt.

This issue was uncovered in previous discussion on the list by Yu Zhao
and Aneesh Kumar [1].

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/CAOUHufbO7CaVm=xjEb1avDhHVvnC8pJmGyKcFf2iY_dpf+zR3w@mail.gmail.com/

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230802025606.346758-2-kaleshsingh@google.com
Fixes: d6c3af7d8a2b ("mm: multi-gen LRU: debugfs interface")
Signed-off-by: Kalesh Singh &lt;kaleshsingh@google.com&gt;
Tested-by: AngeloGioacchino Del Regno &lt;angelogioacchino.delregno@collabora.com&gt; [mediatek]
Tested-by: Charan Teja Kalla &lt;quic_charante@quicinc.com&gt;
Cc: Yu Zhao &lt;yuzhao@google.com&gt;
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K V &lt;aneesh.kumar@linux.ibm.com&gt;
Cc: Barry Song &lt;baohua@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Brian Geffon &lt;bgeffon@google.com&gt;
Cc: Jan Alexander Steffens (heftig) &lt;heftig@archlinux.org&gt;
Cc: Lecopzer Chen &lt;lecopzer.chen@mediatek.com&gt;
Cc: Matthias Brugger &lt;matthias.bgg@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Oleksandr Natalenko &lt;oleksandr@natalenko.name&gt;
Cc: Qi Zheng &lt;zhengqi.arch@bytedance.com&gt;
Cc: Steven Barrett &lt;steven@liquorix.net&gt;
Cc: Suleiman Souhlal &lt;suleiman@google.com&gt;
Cc: Suren Baghdasaryan &lt;surenb@google.com&gt;
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>mm: hugetlb_vmemmap: fix a race between vmemmap pmd split</title>
<updated>2023-09-19T10:30:11+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Muchun Song</name>
<email>songmuchun@bytedance.com</email>
</author>
<published>2023-07-07T03:38:59+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=6a99d82d849987450e7acf2a995d64c72c68f040'/>
<id>6a99d82d849987450e7acf2a995d64c72c68f040</id>
<content type='text'>
commit 3ce2c24cb68f228590a053d6058a5901cd31af61 upstream.

The local variable @page in __split_vmemmap_huge_pmd() to obtain a pmd
page without holding page_table_lock may possiblely get the page table
page instead of a huge pmd page.

The effect may be in set_pte_at() since we may pass an invalid page
struct, if set_pte_at() wants to access the page struct (e.g.
CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_CHECK is enabled), it may crash the kernel.

So fix it.  And inline __split_vmemmap_huge_pmd() since it only has one
user.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230707033859.16148-1-songmuchun@bytedance.com
Fixes: d8d55f5616cf ("mm: sparsemem: use page table lock to protect kernel pmd operations")
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song &lt;songmuchun@bytedance.com&gt;
Cc: Mike Kravetz &lt;mike.kravetz@oracle.com&gt;
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
commit 3ce2c24cb68f228590a053d6058a5901cd31af61 upstream.

The local variable @page in __split_vmemmap_huge_pmd() to obtain a pmd
page without holding page_table_lock may possiblely get the page table
page instead of a huge pmd page.

The effect may be in set_pte_at() since we may pass an invalid page
struct, if set_pte_at() wants to access the page struct (e.g.
CONFIG_PAGE_TABLE_CHECK is enabled), it may crash the kernel.

So fix it.  And inline __split_vmemmap_huge_pmd() since it only has one
user.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230707033859.16148-1-songmuchun@bytedance.com
Fixes: d8d55f5616cf ("mm: sparsemem: use page table lock to protect kernel pmd operations")
Signed-off-by: Muchun Song &lt;songmuchun@bytedance.com&gt;
Cc: Mike Kravetz &lt;mike.kravetz@oracle.com&gt;
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>memcg: drop kmem.limit_in_bytes</title>
<updated>2023-09-19T10:30:11+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Michal Hocko</name>
<email>mhocko@suse.com</email>
</author>
<published>2023-07-04T11:52:40+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=75bb29b6c44f486e9bd048759669c205dccb2048'/>
<id>75bb29b6c44f486e9bd048759669c205dccb2048</id>
<content type='text'>
commit 86327e8eb94c52eca4f93cfece2e29d1bf52acbf upstream.

kmem.limit_in_bytes (v1 way to limit kernel memory usage) has been
deprecated since 58056f77502f ("memcg, kmem: further deprecate
kmem.limit_in_bytes") merged in 5.16.  We haven't heard about any serious
users since then but it seems that the mere presence of the file is
causing more harm thatn good.  We (SUSE) have had several bug reports from
customers where Docker based containers started to fail because a write to
kmem.limit_in_bytes has failed.

This was unexpected because runc code only expects ENOENT (kmem disabled)
or EBUSY (tasks already running within cgroup).  So a new error code was
unexpected and the whole container startup failed.  This has been later
addressed by
https://github.com/opencontainers/runc/commit/52390d68040637dfc77f9fda6bbe70952423d380
so current Docker runtimes do not suffer from the problem anymore.  There
are still older version of Docker in use and likely hard to get rid of
completely.

Address this by wiping out the file completely and effectively get back to
pre 4.5 era and CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM=n configuration.

I would recommend backporting to stable trees which have picked up
58056f77502f ("memcg, kmem: further deprecate kmem.limit_in_bytes").

[mhocko@suse.com: restore _KMEM switch case]
  Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/ZKe5wxdbvPi5Cwd7@dhcp22.suse.cz
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230704115240.14672-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko &lt;mhocko@suse.com&gt;
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt &lt;shakeelb@google.com&gt;
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner &lt;hannes@cmpxchg.org&gt;
Acked-by: Roman Gushchin &lt;roman.gushchin@linux.dev&gt;
Cc: Muchun Song &lt;muchun.song@linux.dev&gt;
Cc: Tejun Heo &lt;tj@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
commit 86327e8eb94c52eca4f93cfece2e29d1bf52acbf upstream.

kmem.limit_in_bytes (v1 way to limit kernel memory usage) has been
deprecated since 58056f77502f ("memcg, kmem: further deprecate
kmem.limit_in_bytes") merged in 5.16.  We haven't heard about any serious
users since then but it seems that the mere presence of the file is
causing more harm thatn good.  We (SUSE) have had several bug reports from
customers where Docker based containers started to fail because a write to
kmem.limit_in_bytes has failed.

This was unexpected because runc code only expects ENOENT (kmem disabled)
or EBUSY (tasks already running within cgroup).  So a new error code was
unexpected and the whole container startup failed.  This has been later
addressed by
https://github.com/opencontainers/runc/commit/52390d68040637dfc77f9fda6bbe70952423d380
so current Docker runtimes do not suffer from the problem anymore.  There
are still older version of Docker in use and likely hard to get rid of
completely.

Address this by wiping out the file completely and effectively get back to
pre 4.5 era and CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM=n configuration.

I would recommend backporting to stable trees which have picked up
58056f77502f ("memcg, kmem: further deprecate kmem.limit_in_bytes").

[mhocko@suse.com: restore _KMEM switch case]
  Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/ZKe5wxdbvPi5Cwd7@dhcp22.suse.cz
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230704115240.14672-1-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko &lt;mhocko@suse.com&gt;
Acked-by: Shakeel Butt &lt;shakeelb@google.com&gt;
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner &lt;hannes@cmpxchg.org&gt;
Acked-by: Roman Gushchin &lt;roman.gushchin@linux.dev&gt;
Cc: Muchun Song &lt;muchun.song@linux.dev&gt;
Cc: Tejun Heo &lt;tj@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>revert "memfd: improve userspace warnings for missing exec-related flags".</title>
<updated>2023-09-13T07:53:57+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Andrew Morton</name>
<email>akpm@linux-foundation.org</email>
</author>
<published>2023-09-02T22:59:31+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=72260f7610480e7f9a6aa0a3ecbd59dd22147af2'/>
<id>72260f7610480e7f9a6aa0a3ecbd59dd22147af2</id>
<content type='text'>
commit 2562d67b1bdf91c7395b0225d60fdeb26b4bc5a0 upstream.

This warning is telling userspace developers to pass MFD_EXEC and
MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL to memfd_create().  Commit 434ed3350f57 ("memfd: improve
userspace warnings for missing exec-related flags") made the warning more
frequent and visible in the hope that this would accelerate the fixing of
errant userspace.

But the overall effect is to generate far too much dmesg noise.

Fixes: 434ed3350f57 ("memfd: improve userspace warnings for missing exec-related flags")
Reported-by: Damian Tometzki &lt;dtometzki@fedoraproject.org&gt;
Closes: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/ZPFzCSIgZ4QuHsSC@fedora.fritz.box
Cc: Aleksa Sarai &lt;cyphar@cyphar.com&gt;
Cc: Christian Brauner &lt;brauner@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Daniel Verkamp &lt;dverkamp@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Jeff Xu &lt;jeffxu@google.com&gt;
Cc: Kees Cook &lt;keescook@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Shuah Khan &lt;shuah@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
commit 2562d67b1bdf91c7395b0225d60fdeb26b4bc5a0 upstream.

This warning is telling userspace developers to pass MFD_EXEC and
MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL to memfd_create().  Commit 434ed3350f57 ("memfd: improve
userspace warnings for missing exec-related flags") made the warning more
frequent and visible in the hope that this would accelerate the fixing of
errant userspace.

But the overall effect is to generate far too much dmesg noise.

Fixes: 434ed3350f57 ("memfd: improve userspace warnings for missing exec-related flags")
Reported-by: Damian Tometzki &lt;dtometzki@fedoraproject.org&gt;
Closes: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/ZPFzCSIgZ4QuHsSC@fedora.fritz.box
Cc: Aleksa Sarai &lt;cyphar@cyphar.com&gt;
Cc: Christian Brauner &lt;brauner@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Daniel Verkamp &lt;dverkamp@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Jeff Xu &lt;jeffxu@google.com&gt;
Cc: Kees Cook &lt;keescook@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Shuah Khan &lt;shuah@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>memfd: improve userspace warnings for missing exec-related flags</title>
<updated>2023-09-13T07:53:57+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Aleksa Sarai</name>
<email>cyphar@cyphar.com</email>
</author>
<published>2023-08-14T08:40:59+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=a70994b2b23c1aafa12c7ed192396be2d5bc6f48'/>
<id>a70994b2b23c1aafa12c7ed192396be2d5bc6f48</id>
<content type='text'>
[ Upstream commit 434ed3350f57c03a9654fe0619755cc137a58935 ]

In order to incentivise userspace to switch to passing MFD_EXEC and
MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL, we need to provide a warning on each attempt to call
memfd_create() without the new flags.  pr_warn_once() is not useful
because on most systems the one warning is burned up during the boot
process (on my system, systemd does this within the first second of boot)
and thus userspace will in practice never see the warnings to push them to
switch to the new flags.

The original patchset[1] used pr_warn_ratelimited(), however there were
concerns about the degree of spam in the kernel log[2,3].  The resulting
inability to detect every case was flagged as an issue at the time[4].

While we could come up with an alternative rate-limiting scheme such as
only outputting the message if vm.memfd_noexec has been modified, or only
outputting the message once for a given task, these alternatives have
downsides that don't make sense given how low-stakes a single kernel
warning message is.  Switching to pr_info_ratelimited() instead should be
fine -- it's possible some monitoring tool will be unhappy with a stream
of warning-level messages but there's already plenty of info-level message
spam in dmesg.

[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/20221215001205.51969-4-jeffxu@google.com/
[2]: https://lore.kernel.org/202212161233.85C9783FB@keescook/
[3]: https://lore.kernel.org/Y5yS8wCnuYGLHMj4@x1n/
[4]: https://lore.kernel.org/f185bb42-b29c-977e-312e-3349eea15383@linuxfoundation.org/

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230814-memfd-vm-noexec-uapi-fixes-v2-3-7ff9e3e10ba6@cyphar.com
Fixes: 105ff5339f49 ("mm/memfd: add MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL and MFD_EXEC")
Signed-off-by: Aleksa Sarai &lt;cyphar@cyphar.com&gt;
Cc: Christian Brauner &lt;brauner@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Daniel Verkamp &lt;dverkamp@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Dominique Martinet &lt;asmadeus@codewreck.org&gt;
Cc: Kees Cook &lt;keescook@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Shuah Khan &lt;shuah@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;sashal@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
[ Upstream commit 434ed3350f57c03a9654fe0619755cc137a58935 ]

In order to incentivise userspace to switch to passing MFD_EXEC and
MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL, we need to provide a warning on each attempt to call
memfd_create() without the new flags.  pr_warn_once() is not useful
because on most systems the one warning is burned up during the boot
process (on my system, systemd does this within the first second of boot)
and thus userspace will in practice never see the warnings to push them to
switch to the new flags.

The original patchset[1] used pr_warn_ratelimited(), however there were
concerns about the degree of spam in the kernel log[2,3].  The resulting
inability to detect every case was flagged as an issue at the time[4].

While we could come up with an alternative rate-limiting scheme such as
only outputting the message if vm.memfd_noexec has been modified, or only
outputting the message once for a given task, these alternatives have
downsides that don't make sense given how low-stakes a single kernel
warning message is.  Switching to pr_info_ratelimited() instead should be
fine -- it's possible some monitoring tool will be unhappy with a stream
of warning-level messages but there's already plenty of info-level message
spam in dmesg.

[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/20221215001205.51969-4-jeffxu@google.com/
[2]: https://lore.kernel.org/202212161233.85C9783FB@keescook/
[3]: https://lore.kernel.org/Y5yS8wCnuYGLHMj4@x1n/
[4]: https://lore.kernel.org/f185bb42-b29c-977e-312e-3349eea15383@linuxfoundation.org/

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230814-memfd-vm-noexec-uapi-fixes-v2-3-7ff9e3e10ba6@cyphar.com
Fixes: 105ff5339f49 ("mm/memfd: add MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL and MFD_EXEC")
Signed-off-by: Aleksa Sarai &lt;cyphar@cyphar.com&gt;
Cc: Christian Brauner &lt;brauner@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Daniel Verkamp &lt;dverkamp@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Dominique Martinet &lt;asmadeus@codewreck.org&gt;
Cc: Kees Cook &lt;keescook@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Shuah Khan &lt;shuah@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;sashal@kernel.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>memfd: replace ratcheting feature from vm.memfd_noexec with hierarchy</title>
<updated>2023-09-13T07:53:57+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Aleksa Sarai</name>
<email>cyphar@cyphar.com</email>
</author>
<published>2023-08-14T08:41:00+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=a39eb58a57848570d0ed0ab715c64278b42c8aed'/>
<id>a39eb58a57848570d0ed0ab715c64278b42c8aed</id>
<content type='text'>
[ Upstream commit 9876cfe8ec1cb3c88de31f4d58d57b0e7e22bcc4 ]

This sysctl has the very unusual behaviour of not allowing any user (even
CAP_SYS_ADMIN) to reduce the restriction setting, meaning that if you were
to set this sysctl to a more restrictive option in the host pidns you
would need to reboot your machine in order to reset it.

The justification given in [1] is that this is a security feature and thus
it should not be possible to disable.  Aside from the fact that we have
plenty of security-related sysctls that can be disabled after being
enabled (fs.protected_symlinks for instance), the protection provided by
the sysctl is to stop users from being able to create a binary and then
execute it.  A user with CAP_SYS_ADMIN can trivially do this without
memfd_create(2):

  % cat mount-memfd.c
  #include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;
  #include &lt;string.h&gt;
  #include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
  #include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
  #include &lt;unistd.h&gt;
  #include &lt;linux/mount.h&gt;

  #define SHELLCODE "#!/bin/echo this file was executed from this totally private tmpfs:"

  int main(void)
  {
  	int fsfd = fsopen("tmpfs", FSOPEN_CLOEXEC);
  	assert(fsfd &gt;= 0);
  	assert(!fsconfig(fsfd, FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE, NULL, NULL, 2));

  	int dfd = fsmount(fsfd, FSMOUNT_CLOEXEC, 0);
  	assert(dfd &gt;= 0);

  	int execfd = openat(dfd, "exe", O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC, 0782);
  	assert(execfd &gt;= 0);
  	assert(write(execfd, SHELLCODE, strlen(SHELLCODE)) == strlen(SHELLCODE));
  	assert(!close(execfd));

  	char *execpath = NULL;
  	char *argv[] = { "bad-exe", NULL }, *envp[] = { NULL };
  	execfd = openat(dfd, "exe", O_PATH | O_CLOEXEC);
  	assert(execfd &gt;= 0);
  	assert(asprintf(&amp;execpath, "/proc/self/fd/%d", execfd) &gt; 0);
  	assert(!execve(execpath, argv, envp));
  }
  % ./mount-memfd
  this file was executed from this totally private tmpfs: /proc/self/fd/5
  %

Given that it is possible for CAP_SYS_ADMIN users to create executable
binaries without memfd_create(2) and without touching the host filesystem
(not to mention the many other things a CAP_SYS_ADMIN process would be
able to do that would be equivalent or worse), it seems strange to cause a
fair amount of headache to admins when there doesn't appear to be an
actual security benefit to blocking this.  There appear to be concerns
about confused-deputy-esque attacks[2] but a confused deputy that can
write to arbitrary sysctls is a bigger security issue than executable
memfds.

/* New API */

The primary requirement from the original author appears to be more based
on the need to be able to restrict an entire system in a hierarchical
manner[3], such that child namespaces cannot re-enable executable memfds.

So, implement that behaviour explicitly -- the vm.memfd_noexec scope is
evaluated up the pidns tree to &amp;init_pid_ns and you have the most
restrictive value applied to you.  The new lower limit you can set
vm.memfd_noexec is whatever limit applies to your parent.

Note that a pidns will inherit a copy of the parent pidns's effective
vm.memfd_noexec setting at unshare() time.  This matches the existing
behaviour, and it also ensures that a pidns will never have its
vm.memfd_noexec setting *lowered* behind its back (but it will be raised
if the parent raises theirs).

/* Backwards Compatibility */

As the previous version of the sysctl didn't allow you to lower the
setting at all, there are no backwards compatibility issues with this
aspect of the change.

However it should be noted that now that the setting is completely
hierarchical.  Previously, a cloned pidns would just copy the current
pidns setting, meaning that if the parent's vm.memfd_noexec was changed it
wouldn't propoagate to existing pid namespaces.  Now, the restriction
applies recursively.  This is a uAPI change, however:

 * The sysctl is very new, having been merged in 6.3.
 * Several aspects of the sysctl were broken up until this patchset and
   the other patchset by Jeff Xu last month.

And thus it seems incredibly unlikely that any real users would run into
this issue. In the worst case, if this causes userspace isues we could
make it so that modifying the setting follows the hierarchical rules but
the restriction checking uses the cached copy.

[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/CABi2SkWnAgHK1i6iqSqPMYuNEhtHBkO8jUuCvmG3RmUB5TKHJw@mail.gmail.com/
[2]: https://lore.kernel.org/CALmYWFs_dNCzw_pW1yRAo4bGCPEtykroEQaowNULp7svwMLjOg@mail.gmail.com/
[3]: https://lore.kernel.org/CALmYWFuahdUF7cT4cm7_TGLqPanuHXJ-hVSfZt7vpTnc18DPrw@mail.gmail.com/

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230814-memfd-vm-noexec-uapi-fixes-v2-4-7ff9e3e10ba6@cyphar.com
Fixes: 105ff5339f49 ("mm/memfd: add MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL and MFD_EXEC")
Signed-off-by: Aleksa Sarai &lt;cyphar@cyphar.com&gt;
Cc: Dominique Martinet &lt;asmadeus@codewreck.org&gt;
Cc: Christian Brauner &lt;brauner@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Daniel Verkamp &lt;dverkamp@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Jeff Xu &lt;jeffxu@google.com&gt;
Cc: Kees Cook &lt;keescook@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Shuah Khan &lt;shuah@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;sashal@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
[ Upstream commit 9876cfe8ec1cb3c88de31f4d58d57b0e7e22bcc4 ]

This sysctl has the very unusual behaviour of not allowing any user (even
CAP_SYS_ADMIN) to reduce the restriction setting, meaning that if you were
to set this sysctl to a more restrictive option in the host pidns you
would need to reboot your machine in order to reset it.

The justification given in [1] is that this is a security feature and thus
it should not be possible to disable.  Aside from the fact that we have
plenty of security-related sysctls that can be disabled after being
enabled (fs.protected_symlinks for instance), the protection provided by
the sysctl is to stop users from being able to create a binary and then
execute it.  A user with CAP_SYS_ADMIN can trivially do this without
memfd_create(2):

  % cat mount-memfd.c
  #include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;
  #include &lt;string.h&gt;
  #include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
  #include &lt;stdlib.h&gt;
  #include &lt;unistd.h&gt;
  #include &lt;linux/mount.h&gt;

  #define SHELLCODE "#!/bin/echo this file was executed from this totally private tmpfs:"

  int main(void)
  {
  	int fsfd = fsopen("tmpfs", FSOPEN_CLOEXEC);
  	assert(fsfd &gt;= 0);
  	assert(!fsconfig(fsfd, FSCONFIG_CMD_CREATE, NULL, NULL, 2));

  	int dfd = fsmount(fsfd, FSMOUNT_CLOEXEC, 0);
  	assert(dfd &gt;= 0);

  	int execfd = openat(dfd, "exe", O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC, 0782);
  	assert(execfd &gt;= 0);
  	assert(write(execfd, SHELLCODE, strlen(SHELLCODE)) == strlen(SHELLCODE));
  	assert(!close(execfd));

  	char *execpath = NULL;
  	char *argv[] = { "bad-exe", NULL }, *envp[] = { NULL };
  	execfd = openat(dfd, "exe", O_PATH | O_CLOEXEC);
  	assert(execfd &gt;= 0);
  	assert(asprintf(&amp;execpath, "/proc/self/fd/%d", execfd) &gt; 0);
  	assert(!execve(execpath, argv, envp));
  }
  % ./mount-memfd
  this file was executed from this totally private tmpfs: /proc/self/fd/5
  %

Given that it is possible for CAP_SYS_ADMIN users to create executable
binaries without memfd_create(2) and without touching the host filesystem
(not to mention the many other things a CAP_SYS_ADMIN process would be
able to do that would be equivalent or worse), it seems strange to cause a
fair amount of headache to admins when there doesn't appear to be an
actual security benefit to blocking this.  There appear to be concerns
about confused-deputy-esque attacks[2] but a confused deputy that can
write to arbitrary sysctls is a bigger security issue than executable
memfds.

/* New API */

The primary requirement from the original author appears to be more based
on the need to be able to restrict an entire system in a hierarchical
manner[3], such that child namespaces cannot re-enable executable memfds.

So, implement that behaviour explicitly -- the vm.memfd_noexec scope is
evaluated up the pidns tree to &amp;init_pid_ns and you have the most
restrictive value applied to you.  The new lower limit you can set
vm.memfd_noexec is whatever limit applies to your parent.

Note that a pidns will inherit a copy of the parent pidns's effective
vm.memfd_noexec setting at unshare() time.  This matches the existing
behaviour, and it also ensures that a pidns will never have its
vm.memfd_noexec setting *lowered* behind its back (but it will be raised
if the parent raises theirs).

/* Backwards Compatibility */

As the previous version of the sysctl didn't allow you to lower the
setting at all, there are no backwards compatibility issues with this
aspect of the change.

However it should be noted that now that the setting is completely
hierarchical.  Previously, a cloned pidns would just copy the current
pidns setting, meaning that if the parent's vm.memfd_noexec was changed it
wouldn't propoagate to existing pid namespaces.  Now, the restriction
applies recursively.  This is a uAPI change, however:

 * The sysctl is very new, having been merged in 6.3.
 * Several aspects of the sysctl were broken up until this patchset and
   the other patchset by Jeff Xu last month.

And thus it seems incredibly unlikely that any real users would run into
this issue. In the worst case, if this causes userspace isues we could
make it so that modifying the setting follows the hierarchical rules but
the restriction checking uses the cached copy.

[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/CABi2SkWnAgHK1i6iqSqPMYuNEhtHBkO8jUuCvmG3RmUB5TKHJw@mail.gmail.com/
[2]: https://lore.kernel.org/CALmYWFs_dNCzw_pW1yRAo4bGCPEtykroEQaowNULp7svwMLjOg@mail.gmail.com/
[3]: https://lore.kernel.org/CALmYWFuahdUF7cT4cm7_TGLqPanuHXJ-hVSfZt7vpTnc18DPrw@mail.gmail.com/

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230814-memfd-vm-noexec-uapi-fixes-v2-4-7ff9e3e10ba6@cyphar.com
Fixes: 105ff5339f49 ("mm/memfd: add MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL and MFD_EXEC")
Signed-off-by: Aleksa Sarai &lt;cyphar@cyphar.com&gt;
Cc: Dominique Martinet &lt;asmadeus@codewreck.org&gt;
Cc: Christian Brauner &lt;brauner@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Daniel Verkamp &lt;dverkamp@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Jeff Xu &lt;jeffxu@google.com&gt;
Cc: Kees Cook &lt;keescook@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Shuah Khan &lt;shuah@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;sashal@kernel.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>memfd: do not -EACCES old memfd_create() users with vm.memfd_noexec=2</title>
<updated>2023-09-13T07:53:57+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Aleksa Sarai</name>
<email>cyphar@cyphar.com</email>
</author>
<published>2023-08-14T08:40:58+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=d5a597636caa749dcaaae841a17c12325b9f56e4'/>
<id>d5a597636caa749dcaaae841a17c12325b9f56e4</id>
<content type='text'>
[ Upstream commit 202e14222fadb246dfdf182e67de1518e86a1e20 ]

Given the difficulty of auditing all of userspace to figure out whether
every memfd_create() user has switched to passing MFD_EXEC and
MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL flags, it seems far less distruptive to make it possible
for older programs that don't make use of executable memfds to run under
vm.memfd_noexec=2.  Otherwise, a small dependency change can result in
spurious errors.  For programs that don't use executable memfds, passing
MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL is functionally a no-op and thus having the same

In addition, every failure under vm.memfd_noexec=2 needs to print to the
kernel log so that userspace can figure out where the error came from.
The concerns about pr_warn_ratelimited() spam that caused the switch to
pr_warn_once()[1,2] do not apply to the vm.memfd_noexec=2 case.

This is a user-visible API change, but as it allows programs to do
something that would be blocked before, and the sysctl itself was broken
and recently released, it seems unlikely this will cause any issues.

[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/Y5yS8wCnuYGLHMj4@x1n/
[2]: https://lore.kernel.org/202212161233.85C9783FB@keescook/

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230814-memfd-vm-noexec-uapi-fixes-v2-2-7ff9e3e10ba6@cyphar.com
Fixes: 105ff5339f49 ("mm/memfd: add MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL and MFD_EXEC")
Signed-off-by: Aleksa Sarai &lt;cyphar@cyphar.com&gt;
Cc: Dominique Martinet &lt;asmadeus@codewreck.org&gt;
Cc: Christian Brauner &lt;brauner@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Daniel Verkamp &lt;dverkamp@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Jeff Xu &lt;jeffxu@google.com&gt;
Cc: Kees Cook &lt;keescook@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Shuah Khan &lt;shuah@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;sashal@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
[ Upstream commit 202e14222fadb246dfdf182e67de1518e86a1e20 ]

Given the difficulty of auditing all of userspace to figure out whether
every memfd_create() user has switched to passing MFD_EXEC and
MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL flags, it seems far less distruptive to make it possible
for older programs that don't make use of executable memfds to run under
vm.memfd_noexec=2.  Otherwise, a small dependency change can result in
spurious errors.  For programs that don't use executable memfds, passing
MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL is functionally a no-op and thus having the same

In addition, every failure under vm.memfd_noexec=2 needs to print to the
kernel log so that userspace can figure out where the error came from.
The concerns about pr_warn_ratelimited() spam that caused the switch to
pr_warn_once()[1,2] do not apply to the vm.memfd_noexec=2 case.

This is a user-visible API change, but as it allows programs to do
something that would be blocked before, and the sysctl itself was broken
and recently released, it seems unlikely this will cause any issues.

[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/Y5yS8wCnuYGLHMj4@x1n/
[2]: https://lore.kernel.org/202212161233.85C9783FB@keescook/

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230814-memfd-vm-noexec-uapi-fixes-v2-2-7ff9e3e10ba6@cyphar.com
Fixes: 105ff5339f49 ("mm/memfd: add MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL and MFD_EXEC")
Signed-off-by: Aleksa Sarai &lt;cyphar@cyphar.com&gt;
Cc: Dominique Martinet &lt;asmadeus@codewreck.org&gt;
Cc: Christian Brauner &lt;brauner@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: Daniel Verkamp &lt;dverkamp@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Jeff Xu &lt;jeffxu@google.com&gt;
Cc: Kees Cook &lt;keescook@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Shuah Khan &lt;shuah@kernel.org&gt;
Cc: &lt;stable@vger.kernel.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;sashal@kernel.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>mm/memfd: sysctl: fix MEMFD_NOEXEC_SCOPE_NOEXEC_ENFORCED</title>
<updated>2023-09-13T07:53:57+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Jeff Xu</name>
<email>jeffxu@google.com</email>
</author>
<published>2023-07-05T06:33:14+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=4f417bb14ced2be52c8089b80615767c30cafd77'/>
<id>4f417bb14ced2be52c8089b80615767c30cafd77</id>
<content type='text'>
[ Upstream commit 72de259130229412ca49871e70ffaf17dc9fba98 ]

Patch series "mm/memfd: fix sysctl MEMFD_NOEXEC_SCOPE_NOEXEC_ENFORCED", v2.

When sysctl vm.memfd_noexec is 2 (MEMFD_NOEXEC_SCOPE_NOEXEC_ENFORCED),
memfd_create(.., MFD_EXEC) should fail.

This complies with how MEMFD_NOEXEC_SCOPE_NOEXEC_ENFORCED is defined -
"memfd_create() without MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL will be rejected"

Thanks to Dominique Martinet &lt;asmadeus@codewreck.org&gt; who reported the bug.
see [1] for context.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/CABi2SkXUX_QqTQ10Yx9bBUGpN1wByOi_=gZU6WEy5a8MaQY3Jw@mail.gmail.com/T/

This patch (of 2):

When vm.memfd_noexec is 2 (MEMFD_NOEXEC_SCOPE_NOEXEC_ENFORCED),
memfd_create(.., MFD_EXEC) should fail.

This complies with how MEMFD_NOEXEC_SCOPE_NOEXEC_ENFORCED is
defined - "memfd_create() without MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL will be rejected"

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230705063315.3680666-1-jeffxu@google.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230705063315.3680666-2-jeffxu@google.com
Fixes: 105ff5339f49 ("mm/memfd: add MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL and MFD_EXEC")
Reported-by: Dominique Martinet &lt;asmadeus@codewreck.org&gt;
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/CABi2SkXUX_QqTQ10Yx9bBUGpN1wByOi_=gZU6WEy5a8MaQY3Jw@mail.gmail.com/T/
Reported-by: kernel test robot &lt;lkp@intel.com&gt;
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202306301351.kkbSegQW-lkp@intel.com/
Signed-off-by: Jeff Xu &lt;jeffxu@google.com&gt;
Cc: Daniel Verkamp &lt;dverkamp@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Dmitry Torokhov &lt;dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Hugh Dickins &lt;hughd@google.com&gt;
Cc: Jann Horn &lt;jannh@google.com&gt;
Cc: Jorge Lucangeli Obes &lt;jorgelo@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Kees Cook &lt;keescook@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Shuah Khan &lt;skhan@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
Cc: Mike Kravetz &lt;mike.kravetz@oracle.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Stable-dep-of: 202e14222fad ("memfd: do not -EACCES old memfd_create() users with vm.memfd_noexec=2")
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;sashal@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
[ Upstream commit 72de259130229412ca49871e70ffaf17dc9fba98 ]

Patch series "mm/memfd: fix sysctl MEMFD_NOEXEC_SCOPE_NOEXEC_ENFORCED", v2.

When sysctl vm.memfd_noexec is 2 (MEMFD_NOEXEC_SCOPE_NOEXEC_ENFORCED),
memfd_create(.., MFD_EXEC) should fail.

This complies with how MEMFD_NOEXEC_SCOPE_NOEXEC_ENFORCED is defined -
"memfd_create() without MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL will be rejected"

Thanks to Dominique Martinet &lt;asmadeus@codewreck.org&gt; who reported the bug.
see [1] for context.

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/CABi2SkXUX_QqTQ10Yx9bBUGpN1wByOi_=gZU6WEy5a8MaQY3Jw@mail.gmail.com/T/

This patch (of 2):

When vm.memfd_noexec is 2 (MEMFD_NOEXEC_SCOPE_NOEXEC_ENFORCED),
memfd_create(.., MFD_EXEC) should fail.

This complies with how MEMFD_NOEXEC_SCOPE_NOEXEC_ENFORCED is
defined - "memfd_create() without MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL will be rejected"

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230705063315.3680666-1-jeffxu@google.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230705063315.3680666-2-jeffxu@google.com
Fixes: 105ff5339f49 ("mm/memfd: add MFD_NOEXEC_SEAL and MFD_EXEC")
Reported-by: Dominique Martinet &lt;asmadeus@codewreck.org&gt;
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/CABi2SkXUX_QqTQ10Yx9bBUGpN1wByOi_=gZU6WEy5a8MaQY3Jw@mail.gmail.com/T/
Reported-by: kernel test robot &lt;lkp@intel.com&gt;
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/oe-kbuild-all/202306301351.kkbSegQW-lkp@intel.com/
Signed-off-by: Jeff Xu &lt;jeffxu@google.com&gt;
Cc: Daniel Verkamp &lt;dverkamp@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Dmitry Torokhov &lt;dmitry.torokhov@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Hugh Dickins &lt;hughd@google.com&gt;
Cc: Jann Horn &lt;jannh@google.com&gt;
Cc: Jorge Lucangeli Obes &lt;jorgelo@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Kees Cook &lt;keescook@chromium.org&gt;
Cc: Shuah Khan &lt;skhan@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
Cc: Mike Kravetz &lt;mike.kravetz@oracle.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Stable-dep-of: 202e14222fad ("memfd: do not -EACCES old memfd_create() users with vm.memfd_noexec=2")
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin &lt;sashal@kernel.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
</feed>
