linux-stable.git/mm/compaction.c, branch v3.10.78

mm/compaction: fix wrong order check in compact_finished()

2015-03-18T12:22:28+00:00

commit 372549c2a3778fd3df445819811c944ad54609ca upstream.

What we want to check here is whether there is highorder freepage in buddy
list of other migratetype in order to steal it without fragmentation.
But, current code just checks cc->order which means allocation request
order.  So, this is wrong.

Without this fix, non-movable synchronous compaction below pageblock order
would not stopped until compaction is complete, because migratetype of
most pageblocks are movable and high order freepage made by compaction is
usually on movable type buddy list.

There is some report related to this bug. See below link.

  http://www.spinics.net/lists/linux-mm/msg81666.html

Although the issued system still has load spike comes from compaction,
this makes that system completely stable and responsive according to his
report.

stress-highalloc test in mmtests with non movable order 7 allocation
doesn't show any notable difference in allocation success rate, but, it
shows more compaction success rate.

Compaction success rate (Compaction success * 100 / Compaction stalls, %)
18.47 : 28.94

Fixes: 1fb3f8ca0e92 ("mm: compaction: capture a suitable high-order page immediately when it is made available")
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim 
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka 
Reviewed-by: Zhang Yanfei 
Cc: Mel Gorman 
Cc: David Rientjes 
Cc: Rik van Riel 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

mm/compaction: make isolate_freepages start at pageblock boundary

2014-06-16T20:42:53+00:00

commit 49e068f0b73dd042c186ffa9b420a9943e90389a upstream.

The compaction freepage scanner implementation in isolate_freepages()
starts by taking the current cc->free_pfn value as the first pfn.  In a
for loop, it scans from this first pfn to the end of the pageblock, and
then subtracts pageblock_nr_pages from the first pfn to obtain the first
pfn for the next for loop iteration.

This means that when cc->free_pfn starts at offset X rather than being
aligned on pageblock boundary, the scanner will start at offset X in all
scanned pageblock, ignoring potentially many free pages.  Currently this
can happen when

 a) zone's end pfn is not pageblock aligned, or

 b) through zone->compact_cached_free_pfn with CONFIG_HOLES_IN_ZONE
    enabled and a hole spanning the beginning of a pageblock

This patch fixes the problem by aligning the initial pfn in
isolate_freepages() to pageblock boundary.  This also permits replacing
the end-of-pageblock alignment within the for loop with a simple
pageblock_nr_pages increment.

Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka 
Reported-by: Heesub Shin 
Acked-by: Minchan Kim 
Cc: Mel Gorman 
Acked-by: Joonsoo Kim 
Cc: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz 
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz 
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi 
Cc: Christoph Lameter 
Acked-by: Rik van Riel 
Cc: Dongjun Shin 
Cc: Sunghwan Yun 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

mm: compaction: detect when scanners meet in isolate_freepages

2014-06-16T20:42:53+00:00

commit 7ed695e069c3cbea5e1fd08f84a04536da91f584 upstream.

Compaction of a zone is finished when the migrate scanner (which begins
at the zone's lowest pfn) meets the free page scanner (which begins at
the zone's highest pfn).  This is detected in compact_zone() and in the
case of direct compaction, the compact_blockskip_flush flag is set so
that kswapd later resets the cached scanner pfn's, and a new compaction
may again start at the zone's borders.

The meeting of the scanners can happen during either scanner's activity.
However, it may currently fail to be detected when it occurs in the free
page scanner, due to two problems.  First, isolate_freepages() keeps
free_pfn at the highest block where it isolated pages from, for the
purposes of not missing the pages that are returned back to allocator
when migration fails.  Second, failing to isolate enough free pages due
to scanners meeting results in -ENOMEM being returned by
migrate_pages(), which makes compact_zone() bail out immediately without
calling compact_finished() that would detect scanners meeting.

This failure to detect scanners meeting might result in repeated
attempts at compaction of a zone that keep starting from the cached
pfn's close to the meeting point, and quickly failing through the
-ENOMEM path, without the cached pfns being reset, over and over.  This
has been observed (through additional tracepoints) in the third phase of
the mmtests stress-highalloc benchmark, where the allocator runs on an
otherwise idle system.  The problem was observed in the DMA32 zone,
which was used as a fallback to the preferred Normal zone, but on the
4GB system it was actually the largest zone.  The problem is even
amplified for such fallback zone - the deferred compaction logic, which
could (after being fixed by a previous patch) reset the cached scanner
pfn's, is only applied to the preferred zone and not for the fallbacks.

The problem in the third phase of the benchmark was further amplified by
commit 81c0a2bb515f ("mm: page_alloc: fair zone allocator policy") which
resulted in a non-deterministic regression of the allocation success
rate from ~85% to ~65%.  This occurs in about half of benchmark runs,
making bisection problematic.  It is unlikely that the commit itself is
buggy, but it should put more pressure on the DMA32 zone during phases 1
and 2, which may leave it more fragmented in phase 3 and expose the bugs
that this patch fixes.

The fix is to make scanners meeting in isolate_freepage() stay that way,
and to check in compact_zone() for scanners meeting when migrate_pages()
returns -ENOMEM.  The result is that compact_finished() also detects
scanners meeting and sets the compact_blockskip_flush flag to make
kswapd reset the scanner pfn's.

The results in stress-highalloc benchmark show that the "regression" by
commit 81c0a2bb515f in phase 3 no longer occurs, and phase 1 and 2
allocation success rates are also significantly improved.

Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka 
Cc: Mel Gorman 
Cc: Rik van Riel 
Cc: Joonsoo Kim 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

mm: compaction: reset cached scanner pfn's before reading them

2014-06-16T20:42:53+00:00

commit d3132e4b83e6bd383c74d716f7281d7c3136089c upstream.

Compaction caches pfn's for its migrate and free scanners to avoid
scanning the whole zone each time.  In compact_zone(), the cached values
are read to set up initial values for the scanners.  There are several
situations when these cached pfn's are reset to the first and last pfn
of the zone, respectively.  One of these situations is when a compaction
has been deferred for a zone and is now being restarted during a direct
compaction, which is also done in compact_zone().

However, compact_zone() currently reads the cached pfn's *before*
resetting them.  This means the reset doesn't affect the compaction that
performs it, and with good chance also subsequent compactions, as
update_pageblock_skip() is likely to be called and update the cached
pfn's to those being processed.  Another chance for a successful reset
is when a direct compaction detects that migration and free scanners
meet (which has its own problems addressed by another patch) and sets
update_pageblock_skip flag which kswapd uses to do the reset because it
goes to sleep.

This is clearly a bug that results in non-deterministic behavior, so
this patch moves the cached pfn reset to be performed *before* the
values are read.

Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka 
Acked-by: Mel Gorman 
Acked-by: Rik van Riel 
Cc: Joonsoo Kim 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

mm/compaction: break out of loop on !PageBuddy in isolate_freepages_block

2014-03-24T04:38:18+00:00

commit 2af120bc040c5ebcda156df6be6a66610ab6957f upstream.

We received several reports of bad page state when freeing CMA pages
previously allocated with alloc_contig_range:

    BUG: Bad page state in process Binder_A  pfn:63202
    page:d21130b0 count:0 mapcount:1 mapping:  (null) index:0x7dfbf
    page flags: 0x40080068(uptodate|lru|active|swapbacked)

Based on the page state, it looks like the page was still in use.  The
page flags do not make sense for the use case though.  Further debugging
showed that despite alloc_contig_range returning success, at least one
page in the range still remained in the buddy allocator.

There is an issue with isolate_freepages_block.  In strict mode (which
CMA uses), if any pages in the range cannot be isolated,
isolate_freepages_block should return failure 0.  The current check
keeps track of the total number of isolated pages and compares against
the size of the range:

        if (strict && nr_strict_required > total_isolated)
                total_isolated = 0;

After taking the zone lock, if one of the pages in the range is not in
the buddy allocator, we continue through the loop and do not increment
total_isolated.  If in the last iteration of the loop we isolate more
than one page (e.g.  last page needed is a higher order page), the check
for total_isolated may pass and we fail to detect that a page was
skipped.  The fix is to bail out if the loop immediately if we are in
strict mode.  There's no benfit to continuing anyway since we need all
pages to be isolated.  Additionally, drop the error checking based on
nr_strict_required and just check the pfn ranges.  This matches with
what isolate_freepages_range does.

Signed-off-by: Laura Abbott 
Acked-by: Minchan Kim 
Cc: Mel Gorman 
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka 
Cc: Joonsoo Kim 
Acked-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz 
Acked-by: Michal Nazarewicz 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

mm/compaction: respect ignore_skip_hint in update_pageblock_skip

2014-01-09T20:24:23+00:00

commit 6815bf3f233e0b10c99a758497d5d236063b010b upstream.

update_pageblock_skip() only fits to compaction which tries to isolate
by pageblock unit.  If isolate_migratepages_range() is called by CMA, it
try to isolate regardless of pageblock unit and it don't reference
get_pageblock_skip() by ignore_skip_hint.  We should also respect it on
update_pageblock_skip() to prevent from setting the wrong information.

Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim 
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka 
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi 
Reviewed-by: Wanpeng Li 
Cc: Christoph Lameter 
Cc: Rafael Aquini 
Cc: Vlastimil Babka 
Cc: Wanpeng Li 
Cc: Mel Gorman 
Cc: Rik van Riel 
Cc: Zhang Yanfei 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

mm: add & use zone_end_pfn() and zone_spans_pfn()

2013-02-24T01:50:20+00:00

Add 2 helpers (zone_end_pfn() and zone_spans_pfn()) to reduce code
duplication.

This also switches to using them in compaction (where an additional
variable needed to be renamed), page_alloc, vmstat, memory_hotplug, and
kmemleak.

Note that in compaction.c I avoid calling zone_end_pfn() repeatedly
because I expect at some point the sycronization issues with start_pfn &
spanned_pages will need fixing, either by actually using the seqlock or
clever memory barrier usage.

Signed-off-by: Cody P Schafer 
Cc: David Hansen 
Cc: Catalin Marinas 
Cc: Johannes Weiner 
Cc: Mel Gorman 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

mm: remove offlining arg to migrate_pages

2013-02-24T01:50:19+00:00

No functional change, but the only purpose of the offlining argument to
migrate_pages() etc, was to ensure that __unmap_and_move() could migrate a
KSM page for memory hotremove (which took ksm_thread_mutex) but not for
other callers.  Now all cases are safe, remove the arg.

Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins 
Cc: Rik van Riel 
Cc: Petr Holasek 
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli 
Cc: Izik Eidus 
Cc: Gerald Schaefer 
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

mm: remove MIGRATE_ISOLATE check in hotpath

2013-02-24T01:50:15+00:00

Several functions test MIGRATE_ISOLATE and some of those are hotpath but
MIGRATE_ISOLATE is used only if we enable CONFIG_MEMORY_ISOLATION(ie,
CMA, memory-hotplug and memory-failure) which are not common config
option.  So let's not add unnecessary overhead and code when we don't
enable CONFIG_MEMORY_ISOLATION.

Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim 
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro 
Acked-by: Michal Nazarewicz 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds

mm: compaction: make __compact_pgdat() and compact_pgdat() return void

2013-02-24T01:50:10+00:00

These functions always return 0.  Formalise this.

Cc: Jason Liu 
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki 
Cc: Mel Gorman 
Cc: Minchan Kim 
Cc: Rik van Riel 
Acked-by: David Rientjes 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds