linux-stable.git/kernel/trace/ftrace.c, branch v4.14.331

ftrace: Fix invalid address access in lookup_rec() when index is 0

2023-03-22T12:26:16+00:00

commit ee92fa443358f4fc0017c1d0d325c27b37802504 upstream.

KASAN reported follow problem:

 BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in lookup_rec
 Read of size 8 at addr ffff000199270ff0 by task modprobe
 CPU: 2 Comm: modprobe
 Call trace:
  kasan_report
  __asan_load8
  lookup_rec
  ftrace_location
  arch_check_ftrace_location
  check_kprobe_address_safe
  register_kprobe

When checking pg->records[pg->index - 1].ip in lookup_rec(), it can get a
pg which is newly added to ftrace_pages_start in ftrace_process_locs().
Before the first pg->index++, index is 0 and accessing pg->records[-1].ip
will cause this problem.

Don't check the ip when pg->index is 0.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-trace-kernel/20230309080230.36064-1-chenzhongjin@huawei.com

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 9644302e3315 ("ftrace: Speed up search by skipping pages by address")
Suggested-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Chen Zhongjin 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

ftrace: Fix null pointer dereference in ftrace_add_mod()

2022-11-25T16:36:51+00:00

commit 19ba6c8af9382c4c05dc6a0a79af3013b9a35cd0 upstream.

The @ftrace_mod is allocated by kzalloc(), so both the members {prev,next}
of @ftrace_mode->list are NULL, it's not a valid state to call list_del().
If kstrdup() for @ftrace_mod->{func|module} fails, it goes to @out_free
tag and calls free_ftrace_mod() to destroy @ftrace_mod, then list_del()
will write prev->next and next->prev, where null pointer dereference
happens.

BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000008
Oops: 0002 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI
Call Trace:
 
 ftrace_mod_callback+0x20d/0x220
 ? do_filp_open+0xd9/0x140
 ftrace_process_regex.isra.51+0xbf/0x130
 ftrace_regex_write.isra.52.part.53+0x6e/0x90
 vfs_write+0xee/0x3a0
 ? __audit_filter_op+0xb1/0x100
 ? auditd_test_task+0x38/0x50
 ksys_write+0xa5/0xe0
 do_syscall_64+0x3a/0x90
 entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception

So call INIT_LIST_HEAD() to initialize the list member to fix this issue.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221116015207.30858-1-xiujianfeng@huawei.com

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 673feb9d76ab ("ftrace: Add :mod: caching infrastructure to trace_array")
Signed-off-by: Xiu Jianfeng 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

ftrace: Optimize the allocation for mcount entries

2022-11-25T16:36:51+00:00

commit bcea02b096333dc74af987cb9685a4dbdd820840 upstream.

If we can't allocate this size, try something smaller with half of the
size. Its order should be decreased by one instead of divided by two.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221109094434.84046-3-wangwensheng4@huawei.com

Cc: 
Cc: 
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: a79008755497d ("ftrace: Allocate the mcount record pages as groups")
Signed-off-by: Wang Wensheng 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

ftrace: Fix the possible incorrect kernel message

2022-11-25T16:36:51+00:00

commit 08948caebe93482db1adfd2154eba124f66d161d upstream.

If the number of mcount entries is an integer multiple of
ENTRIES_PER_PAGE, the page count showing on the console would be wrong.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20221109094434.84046-2-wangwensheng4@huawei.com

Cc: 
Cc: 
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 5821e1b74f0d0 ("function tracing: fix wrong pos computing when read buffer has been fulfilled")
Signed-off-by: Wang Wensheng 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

ftrace: Properly unset FTRACE_HASH_FL_MOD

2022-10-26T11:16:57+00:00

commit 0ce0638edf5ec83343302b884fa208179580700a upstream.

When executing following commands like what document said, but the log
"#### all functions enabled ####" was not shown as expect:
  1. Set a 'mod' filter:
    $ echo 'write*:mod:ext3' > /sys/kernel/tracing/set_ftrace_filter
  2. Invert above filter:
    $ echo '!write*:mod:ext3' >> /sys/kernel/tracing/set_ftrace_filter
  3. Read the file:
    $ cat /sys/kernel/tracing/set_ftrace_filter

By some debugging, I found that flag FTRACE_HASH_FL_MOD was not unset
after inversion like above step 2 and then result of ftrace_hash_empty()
is incorrect.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220926152008.2239274-1-zhengyejian1@huawei.com

Cc: 
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 8c08f0d5c6fb ("ftrace: Have cached module filters be an active filter")
Signed-off-by: Zheng Yejian 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

ftrace: Fix NULL pointer dereference in is_ftrace_trampoline when ftrace is dead

2022-09-05T08:25:06+00:00

commit c3b0f72e805f0801f05fa2aa52011c4bfc694c44 upstream.

ftrace_startup does not remove ops from ftrace_ops_list when
ftrace_startup_enable fails:

register_ftrace_function
  ftrace_startup
    __register_ftrace_function
      ...
      add_ftrace_ops(&ftrace_ops_list, ops)
      ...
    ...
    ftrace_startup_enable // if ftrace failed to modify, ftrace_disabled is set to 1
    ...
  return 0 // ops is in the ftrace_ops_list.

When ftrace_disabled = 1, unregister_ftrace_function simply returns without doing anything:
unregister_ftrace_function
  ftrace_shutdown
    if (unlikely(ftrace_disabled))
            return -ENODEV;  // return here, __unregister_ftrace_function is not executed,
                             // as a result, ops is still in the ftrace_ops_list
    __unregister_ftrace_function
    ...

If ops is dynamically allocated, it will be free later, in this case,
is_ftrace_trampoline accesses NULL pointer:

is_ftrace_trampoline
  ftrace_ops_trampoline
    do_for_each_ftrace_op(op, ftrace_ops_list) // OOPS! op may be NULL!

Syzkaller reports as follows:
[ 1203.506103] BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 000000000000010b
[ 1203.508039] #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode
[ 1203.508798] #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page
[ 1203.509558] PGD 800000011660b067 P4D 800000011660b067 PUD 130fb8067 PMD 0
[ 1203.510560] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN PTI
[ 1203.511189] CPU: 6 PID: 29532 Comm: syz-executor.2 Tainted: G    B   W         5.10.0 #8
[ 1203.512324] Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS rel-1.14.0-0-g155821a1990b-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014
[ 1203.513895] RIP: 0010:is_ftrace_trampoline+0x26/0xb0
[ 1203.514644] Code: ff eb d3 90 41 55 41 54 49 89 fc 55 53 e8 f2 00 fd ff 48 8b 1d 3b 35 5d 03 e8 e6 00 fd ff 48 8d bb 90 00 00 00 e8 2a 81 26 00 <48> 8b ab 90 00 00 00 48 85 ed 74 1d e8 c9 00 fd ff 48 8d bb 98 00
[ 1203.518838] RSP: 0018:ffffc900012cf960 EFLAGS: 00010246
[ 1203.520092] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 000000000000007b RCX: ffffffff8a331866
[ 1203.521469] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000008 RDI: 000000000000010b
[ 1203.522583] RBP: 0000000000000000 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffffff8df18b07
[ 1203.523550] R10: fffffbfff1be3160 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: 0000000000478399
[ 1203.524596] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: ffff888145088000 R15: 0000000000000008
[ 1203.525634] FS:  00007f429f5f4700(0000) GS:ffff8881daf00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
[ 1203.526801] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
[ 1203.527626] CR2: 000000000000010b CR3: 0000000170e1e001 CR4: 00000000003706e0
[ 1203.528611] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000
[ 1203.529605] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000fffe0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400

Therefore, when ftrace_startup_enable fails, we need to rollback registration
process and remove ops from ftrace_ops_list.

Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220818032659.56209-1-yangjihong1@huawei.com

Suggested-by: Steven Rostedt 
Signed-off-by: Yang Jihong 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (Google) 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

tracing: Have all levels of checks prevent recursion

2021-10-27T07:51:41+00:00

commit ed65df63a39a3f6ed04f7258de8b6789e5021c18 upstream.

While writing an email explaining the "bit = 0" logic for a discussion on
making ftrace_test_recursion_trylock() disable preemption, I discovered a
path that makes the "not do the logic if bit is zero" unsafe.

The recursion logic is done in hot paths like the function tracer. Thus,
any code executed causes noticeable overhead. Thus, tricks are done to try
to limit the amount of code executed. This included the recursion testing
logic.

Having recursion testing is important, as there are many paths that can
end up in an infinite recursion cycle when tracing every function in the
kernel. Thus protection is needed to prevent that from happening.

Because it is OK to recurse due to different running context levels (e.g.
an interrupt preempts a trace, and then a trace occurs in the interrupt
handler), a set of bits are used to know which context one is in (normal,
softirq, irq and NMI). If a recursion occurs in the same level, it is
prevented*.

Then there are infrastructure levels of recursion as well. When more than
one callback is attached to the same function to trace, it calls a loop
function to iterate over all the callbacks. Both the callbacks and the
loop function have recursion protection. The callbacks use the
"ftrace_test_recursion_trylock()" which has a "function" set of context
bits to test, and the loop function calls the internal
trace_test_and_set_recursion() directly, with an "internal" set of bits.

If an architecture does not implement all the features supported by ftrace
then the callbacks are never called directly, and the loop function is
called instead, which will implement the features of ftrace.

Since both the loop function and the callbacks do recursion protection, it
was seemed unnecessary to do it in both locations. Thus, a trick was made
to have the internal set of recursion bits at a more significant bit
location than the function bits. Then, if any of the higher bits were set,
the logic of the function bits could be skipped, as any new recursion
would first have to go through the loop function.

This is true for architectures that do not support all the ftrace
features, because all functions being traced must first go through the
loop function before going to the callbacks. But this is not true for
architectures that support all the ftrace features. That's because the
loop function could be called due to two callbacks attached to the same
function, but then a recursion function inside the callback could be
called that does not share any other callback, and it will be called
directly.

i.e.

 traced_function_1: [ more than one callback tracing it ]
   call loop_func

 loop_func:
   trace_recursion set internal bit
   call callback

 callback:
   trace_recursion [ skipped because internal bit is set, return 0 ]
   call traced_function_2

 traced_function_2: [ only traced by above callback ]
   call callback

 callback:
   trace_recursion [ skipped because internal bit is set, return 0 ]
   call traced_function_2

 [ wash, rinse, repeat, BOOM! out of shampoo! ]

Thus, the "bit == 0 skip" trick is not safe, unless the loop function is
call for all functions.

Since we want to encourage architectures to implement all ftrace features,
having them slow down due to this extra logic may encourage the
maintainers to update to the latest ftrace features. And because this
logic is only safe for them, remove it completely.

 [*] There is on layer of recursion that is allowed, and that is to allow
     for the transition between interrupt context (normal -> softirq ->
     irq -> NMI), because a trace may occur before the context update is
     visible to the trace recursion logic.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/all/609b565a-ed6e-a1da-f025-166691b5d994@linux.alibaba.com/
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211018154412.09fcad3c@gandalf.local.home

Cc: Linus Torvalds 
Cc: Petr Mladek 
Cc: Ingo Molnar 
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" 
Cc: Helge Deller 
Cc: Michael Ellerman 
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt 
Cc: Paul Mackerras 
Cc: Paul Walmsley 
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt 
Cc: Albert Ou 
Cc: Thomas Gleixner 
Cc: Borislav Petkov 
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" 
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf 
Cc: Jiri Kosina 
Cc: Miroslav Benes 
Cc: Joe Lawrence 
Cc: Colin Ian King 
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu 
Cc: "Peter Zijlstra (Intel)" 
Cc: Nicholas Piggin 
Cc: Jisheng Zhang 
Cc: =?utf-8?b?546L6LSH?= 
Cc: Guo Ren 
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: edc15cafcbfa3 ("tracing: Avoid unnecessary multiple recursion checks")
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

ftrace: Do not blindly read the ip address in ftrace_bug()

2021-06-16T09:53:05+00:00

commit 6c14133d2d3f768e0a35128faac8aa6ed4815051 upstream.

It was reported that a bug on arm64 caused a bad ip address to be used for
updating into a nop in ftrace_init(), but the error path (rightfully)
returned -EINVAL and not -EFAULT, as the bug caused more than one error to
occur. But because -EINVAL was returned, the ftrace_bug() tried to report
what was at the location of the ip address, and read it directly. This
caused the machine to panic, as the ip was not pointing to a valid memory
address.

Instead, read the ip address with copy_from_kernel_nofault() to safely
access the memory, and if it faults, report that the address faulted,
otherwise report what was in that location.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20210607032329.28671-1-mark-pk.tsai@mediatek.com/

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 05736a427f7e1 ("ftrace: warn on failure to disable mcount callers")
Reported-by: Mark-PK Tsai 
Tested-by: Mark-PK Tsai 
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

ftrace: Handle commands when closing set_ftrace_filter file

2021-05-22T08:57:22+00:00

commit 8c9af478c06bb1ab1422f90d8ecbc53defd44bc3 upstream.

 # echo switch_mm:traceoff > /sys/kernel/tracing/set_ftrace_filter

will cause switch_mm to stop tracing by the traceoff command.

 # echo -n switch_mm:traceoff > /sys/kernel/tracing/set_ftrace_filter

does nothing.

The reason is that the parsing in the write function only processes
commands if it finished parsing (there is white space written after the
command). That's to handle:

 write(fd, "switch_mm:", 10);
 write(fd, "traceoff", 8);

cases, where the command is broken over multiple writes.

The problem is if the file descriptor is closed, then the write call is
not processed, and the command needs to be processed in the release code.
The release code can handle matching of functions, but does not handle
commands.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: eda1e32855656 ("tracing: handle broken names in ftrace filter")
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

fgraph: Initialize tracing_graph_pause at task creation

2021-02-23T13:00:29+00:00

commit 7e0a9220467dbcfdc5bc62825724f3e52e50ab31 upstream.

On some archs, the idle task can call into cpu_suspend(). The cpu_suspend()
will disable or pause function graph tracing, as there's some paths in
bringing down the CPU that can have issues with its return address being
modified. The task_struct structure has a "tracing_graph_pause" atomic
counter, that when set to something other than zero, the function graph
tracer will not modify the return address.

The problem is that the tracing_graph_pause counter is initialized when the
function graph tracer is enabled. This can corrupt the counter for the idle
task if it is suspended in these architectures.

   CPU 1				CPU 2
   -----				-----
  do_idle()
    cpu_suspend()
      pause_graph_tracing()
          task_struct->tracing_graph_pause++ (0 -> 1)

				start_graph_tracing()
				  for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
				    ftrace_graph_init_idle_task(cpu)
				      task-struct->tracing_graph_pause = 0 (1 -> 0)

      unpause_graph_tracing()
          task_struct->tracing_graph_pause-- (0 -> -1)

The above should have gone from 1 to zero, and enabled function graph
tracing again. But instead, it is set to -1, which keeps it disabled.

There's no reason that the field tracing_graph_pause on the task_struct can
not be initialized at boot up.

Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Fixes: 380c4b1411ccd ("tracing/function-graph-tracer: append the tracing_graph_flag")
Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211339
Reported-by: pierre.gondois@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Steven Rostedt (VMware) 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman