linux-stable.git/kernel/sched/fair.c, branch v4.19.321

sched/fair: Don't balance task to its current running CPU

2023-08-11T09:45:25+00:00

[ Upstream commit 0dd37d6dd33a9c23351e6115ae8cdac7863bc7de ]

We've run into the case that the balancer tries to balance a migration
disabled task and trigger the warning in set_task_cpu() like below:

 ------------[ cut here ]------------
 WARNING: CPU: 7 PID: 0 at kernel/sched/core.c:3115 set_task_cpu+0x188/0x240
 Modules linked in: hclgevf xt_CHECKSUM ipt_REJECT nf_reject_ipv4 <...snip>
 CPU: 7 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/7 Kdump: loaded Tainted: G           O       6.1.0-rc4+ #1
 Hardware name: Huawei TaiShan 2280 V2/BC82AMDC, BIOS 2280-V2 CS V5.B221.01 12/09/2021
 pstate: 604000c9 (nZCv daIF +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
 pc : set_task_cpu+0x188/0x240
 lr : load_balance+0x5d0/0xc60
 sp : ffff80000803bc70
 x29: ffff80000803bc70 x28: ffff004089e190e8 x27: ffff004089e19040
 x26: ffff007effcabc38 x25: 0000000000000000 x24: 0000000000000001
 x23: ffff80000803be84 x22: 000000000000000c x21: ffffb093e79e2a78
 x20: 000000000000000c x19: ffff004089e19040 x18: 0000000000000000
 x17: 0000000000001fad x16: 0000000000000030 x15: 0000000000000000
 x14: 0000000000000003 x13: 0000000000000000 x12: 0000000000000000
 x11: 0000000000000001 x10: 0000000000000400 x9 : ffffb093e4cee530
 x8 : 00000000fffffffe x7 : 0000000000ce168a x6 : 000000000000013e
 x5 : 00000000ffffffe1 x4 : 0000000000000001 x3 : 0000000000000b2a
 x2 : 0000000000000b2a x1 : ffffb093e6d6c510 x0 : 0000000000000001
 Call trace:
  set_task_cpu+0x188/0x240
  load_balance+0x5d0/0xc60
  rebalance_domains+0x26c/0x380
  _nohz_idle_balance.isra.0+0x1e0/0x370
  run_rebalance_domains+0x6c/0x80
  __do_softirq+0x128/0x3d8
  ____do_softirq+0x18/0x24
  call_on_irq_stack+0x2c/0x38
  do_softirq_own_stack+0x24/0x3c
  __irq_exit_rcu+0xcc/0xf4
  irq_exit_rcu+0x18/0x24
  el1_interrupt+0x4c/0xe4
  el1h_64_irq_handler+0x18/0x2c
  el1h_64_irq+0x74/0x78
  arch_cpu_idle+0x18/0x4c
  default_idle_call+0x58/0x194
  do_idle+0x244/0x2b0
  cpu_startup_entry+0x30/0x3c
  secondary_start_kernel+0x14c/0x190
  __secondary_switched+0xb0/0xb4
 ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---

Further investigation shows that the warning is superfluous, the migration
disabled task is just going to be migrated to its current running CPU.
This is because that on load balance if the dst_cpu is not allowed by the
task, we'll re-select a new_dst_cpu as a candidate. If no task can be
balanced to dst_cpu we'll try to balance the task to the new_dst_cpu
instead. In this case when the migration disabled task is not on CPU it
only allows to run on its current CPU, load balance will select its
current CPU as new_dst_cpu and later triggers the warning above.

The new_dst_cpu is chosen from the env->dst_grpmask. Currently it
contains CPUs in sched_group_span() and if we have overlapped groups it's
possible to run into this case. This patch makes env->dst_grpmask of
group_balance_mask() which exclude any CPUs from the busiest group and
solve the issue. For balancing in a domain with no overlapped groups
the behaviour keeps same as before.

Suggested-by: Vincent Guittot 
Signed-off-by: Yicong Yang 
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) 
Reviewed-by: Vincent Guittot 
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230530082507.10444-1-yangyicong@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

sched/fair: Sanitize vruntime of entity being migrated

2023-04-05T09:15:38+00:00

commit a53ce18cacb477dd0513c607f187d16f0fa96f71 upstream.

Commit 829c1651e9c4 ("sched/fair: sanitize vruntime of entity being placed")
fixes an overflowing bug, but ignore a case that se->exec_start is reset
after a migration.

For fixing this case, we delay the reset of se->exec_start after
placing the entity which se->exec_start to detect long sleeping task.

In order to take into account a possible divergence between the clock_task
of 2 rqs, we increase the threshold to around 104 days.

Fixes: 829c1651e9c4 ("sched/fair: sanitize vruntime of entity being placed")
Originally-by: Zhang Qiao 
Signed-off-by: Vincent Guittot 
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) 
Tested-by: Zhang Qiao 
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230317160810.107988-1-vincent.guittot@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

sched/fair: sanitize vruntime of entity being placed

2023-04-05T09:15:38+00:00

commit 829c1651e9c4a6f78398d3e67651cef9bb6b42cc upstream.

When a scheduling entity is placed onto cfs_rq, its vruntime is pulled
to the base level (around cfs_rq->min_vruntime), so that the entity
doesn't gain extra boost when placed backwards.

However, if the entity being placed wasn't executed for a long time, its
vruntime may get too far behind (e.g. while cfs_rq was executing a
low-weight hog), which can inverse the vruntime comparison due to s64
overflow.  This results in the entity being placed with its original
vruntime way forwards, so that it will effectively never get to the cpu.

To prevent that, ignore the vruntime of the entity being placed if it
didn't execute for much longer than the characteristic sheduler time
scale.

[rkagan: formatted, adjusted commit log, comments, cutoff value]
Signed-off-by: Zhang Qiao 
Co-developed-by: Roman Kagan 
Signed-off-by: Roman Kagan 
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) 
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230130122216.3555094-1-rkagan@amazon.de
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

sched/fair: Fix CFS bandwidth hrtimer expiry type

2021-07-28T09:13:44+00:00

[ Upstream commit 72d0ad7cb5bad265adb2014dbe46c4ccb11afaba ]

The time remaining until expiry of the refresh_timer can be negative.
Casting the type to an unsigned 64-bit value will cause integer
underflow, making the runtime_refresh_within return false instead of
true. These situations are rare, but they do happen.

This does not cause user-facing issues or errors; other than
possibly unthrottling cfs_rq's using runtime from the previous period(s),
making the CFS bandwidth enforcement less strict in those (special)
situations.

Signed-off-by: Odin Ugedal 
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) 
Reviewed-by: Ben Segall 
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210629121452.18429-1-odin@uged.al
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

sched/fair: Fix ascii art by relpacing tabs

2021-07-20T14:15:44+00:00

[ Upstream commit 08f7c2f4d0e9f4283f5796b8168044c034a1bfcb ]

When using something other than 8 spaces per tab, this ascii art
makes not sense, and the reader might end up wondering what this
advanced equation "is".

Signed-off-by: Odin Ugedal 
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) 
Acked-by: Vincent Guittot 
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210518125202.78658-4-odin@uged.al
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

sched/fair: Make sure to update tg contrib for blocked load

2021-06-16T09:55:01+00:00

commit 02da26ad5ed6ea8680e5d01f20661439611ed776 upstream.

During the update of fair blocked load (__update_blocked_fair()), we
update the contribution of the cfs in tg->load_avg if cfs_rq's pelt
has decayed.  Nevertheless, the pelt values of a cfs_rq could have
been recently updated while propagating the change of a child. In this
case, cfs_rq's pelt will not decayed because it has already been
updated and we don't update tg->load_avg.

__update_blocked_fair
  ...
  for_each_leaf_cfs_rq_safe: child cfs_rq
    update cfs_rq_load_avg() for child cfs_rq
    ...
    update_load_avg(cfs_rq_of(se), se, 0)
      ...
      update cfs_rq_load_avg() for parent cfs_rq
		-propagation of child's load makes parent cfs_rq->load_sum
		 becoming null
        -UPDATE_TG is not set so it doesn't update parent
		 cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib
  ..
  for_each_leaf_cfs_rq_safe: parent cfs_rq
    update cfs_rq_load_avg() for parent cfs_rq
      - nothing to do because parent cfs_rq has already been updated
		recently so cfs_rq->tg_load_avg_contrib is not updated
    ...
    parent cfs_rq is decayed
      list_del_leaf_cfs_rq parent cfs_rq
	  - but it still contibutes to tg->load_avg

we must set UPDATE_TG flags when propagting pending load to the parent

Fixes: 039ae8bcf7a5 ("sched/fair: Fix O(nr_cgroups) in the load balancing path")
Reported-by: Odin Ugedal 
Signed-off-by: Vincent Guittot 
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) 
Reviewed-by: Odin Ugedal 
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210527122916.27683-3-vincent.guittot@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

sched/fair: Optimize select_idle_cpu

2021-06-10T11:24:09+00:00

commit 60588bfa223ff675b95f866249f90616613fbe31 upstream.

select_idle_cpu() will scan the LLC domain for idle CPUs,
it's always expensive. so the next commit :

	1ad3aaf3fcd2 ("sched/core: Implement new approach to scale select_idle_cpu()")

introduces a way to limit how many CPUs we scan.

But it consume some CPUs out of 'nr' that are not allowed
for the task and thus waste our attempts. The function
always return nr_cpumask_bits, and we can't find a CPU
which our task is allowed to run.

Cpumask may be too big, similar to select_idle_core(), use
per_cpu_ptr 'select_idle_mask' to prevent stack overflow.

Fixes: 1ad3aaf3fcd2 ("sched/core: Implement new approach to scale select_idle_cpu()")
Signed-off-by: Cheng Jian 
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) 
Reviewed-by: Srikar Dronamraju 
Reviewed-by: Vincent Guittot 
Reviewed-by: Valentin Schneider 
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191213024530.28052-1-cj.chengjian@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Yang Wei 
Tested-by: Yang Wei 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

sched/fair: Fix unfairness caused by missing load decay

2021-05-22T08:59:44+00:00

[ Upstream commit 0258bdfaff5bd13c4d2383150b7097aecd6b6d82 ]

This fixes an issue where old load on a cfs_rq is not properly decayed,
resulting in strange behavior where fairness can decrease drastically.
Real workloads with equally weighted control groups have ended up
getting a respective 99% and 1%(!!) of cpu time.

When an idle task is attached to a cfs_rq by attaching a pid to a cgroup,
the old load of the task is attached to the new cfs_rq and sched_entity by
attach_entity_cfs_rq. If the task is then moved to another cpu (and
therefore cfs_rq) before being enqueued/woken up, the load will be moved
to cfs_rq->removed from the sched_entity. Such a move will happen when
enforcing a cpuset on the task (eg. via a cgroup) that force it to move.

The load will however not be removed from the task_group itself, making
it look like there is a constant load on that cfs_rq. This causes the
vruntime of tasks on other sibling cfs_rq's to increase faster than they
are supposed to; causing severe fairness issues. If no other task is
started on the given cfs_rq, and due to the cpuset it would not happen,
this load would never be properly unloaded. With this patch the load
will be properly removed inside update_blocked_averages. This also
applies to tasks moved to the fair scheduling class and moved to another
cpu, and this path will also fix that. For fork, the entity is queued
right away, so this problem does not affect that.

This applies to cases where the new process is the first in the cfs_rq,
issue introduced 3d30544f0212 ("sched/fair: Apply more PELT fixes"), and
when there has previously been load on the cgroup but the cgroup was
removed from the leaflist due to having null PELT load, indroduced
in 039ae8bcf7a5 ("sched/fair: Fix O(nr_cgroups) in the load balancing
path").

For a simple cgroup hierarchy (as seen below) with two equally weighted
groups, that in theory should get 50/50 of cpu time each, it often leads
to a load of 60/40 or 70/30.

parent/
  cg-1/
    cpu.weight: 100
    cpuset.cpus: 1
  cg-2/
    cpu.weight: 100
    cpuset.cpus: 1

If the hierarchy is deeper (as seen below), while keeping cg-1 and cg-2
equally weighted, they should still get a 50/50 balance of cpu time.
This however sometimes results in a balance of 10/90 or 1/99(!!) between
the task groups.

$ ps u -C stress
USER         PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND
root       18568  1.1  0.0   3684   100 pts/12   R+   13:36   0:00 stress --cpu 1
root       18580 99.3  0.0   3684   100 pts/12   R+   13:36   0:09 stress --cpu 1

parent/
  cg-1/
    cpu.weight: 100
    sub-group/
      cpu.weight: 1
      cpuset.cpus: 1
  cg-2/
    cpu.weight: 100
    sub-group/
      cpu.weight: 10000
      cpuset.cpus: 1

This can be reproduced by attaching an idle process to a cgroup and
moving it to a given cpuset before it wakes up. The issue is evident in
many (if not most) container runtimes, and has been reproduced
with both crun and runc (and therefore docker and all its "derivatives"),
and with both cgroup v1 and v2.

Fixes: 3d30544f0212 ("sched/fair: Apply more PELT fixes")
Fixes: 039ae8bcf7a5 ("sched/fair: Fix O(nr_cgroups) in the load balancing path")
Signed-off-by: Odin Ugedal 
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) 
Reviewed-by: Vincent Guittot 
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210501141950.23622-2-odin@uged.al
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

sched/fair: Fix NOHZ next idle balance

2020-08-19T06:14:47+00:00

[ Upstream commit 3ea2f097b17e13a8280f1f9386c331b326a3dbef ]

With commit:
  'b7031a02ec75 ("sched/fair: Add NOHZ_STATS_KICK")'
rebalance_domains of the local cfs_rq happens before others idle cpus have
updated nohz.next_balance and its value is overwritten.

Move the update of nohz.next_balance for other idles cpus before balancing
and updating the next_balance of local cfs_rq.

Also, the nohz.next_balance is now updated only if all idle cpus got a
chance to rebalance their domains and the idle balance has not been aborted
because of new activities on the CPU. In case of need_resched, the idle
load balance will be kick the next jiffie in order to address remaining
ilb.

Fixes: b7031a02ec75 ("sched/fair: Add NOHZ_STATS_KICK")
Reported-by: Peng Liu 
Signed-off-by: Vincent Guittot 
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) 
Reviewed-by: Valentin Schneider 
Acked-by: Mel Gorman 
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200609123748.18636-1-vincent.guittot@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

sched/fair: handle case of task_h_load() returning 0

2020-07-22T07:32:13+00:00

commit 01cfcde9c26d8555f0e6e9aea9d6049f87683998 upstream.

task_h_load() can return 0 in some situations like running stress-ng
mmapfork, which forks thousands of threads, in a sched group on a 224 cores
system. The load balance doesn't handle this correctly because
env->imbalance never decreases and it will stop pulling tasks only after
reaching loop_max, which can be equal to the number of running tasks of
the cfs. Make sure that imbalance will be decreased by at least 1.

misfit task is the other feature that doesn't handle correctly such
situation although it's probably more difficult to face the problem
because of the smaller number of CPUs and running tasks on heterogenous
system.

We can't simply ensure that task_h_load() returns at least one because it
would imply to handle underflow in other places.

Signed-off-by: Vincent Guittot 
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) 
Reviewed-by: Valentin Schneider 
Reviewed-by: Dietmar Eggemann 
Tested-by: Dietmar Eggemann 
Cc:  # v4.4+
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200710152426.16981-1-vincent.guittot@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman