linux-stable.git/include/net/act_api.h, branch v6.6.153 Linux kernel stable tree net/sched: act_gact, act_police: range check the fallback control action 2026-08-19T16:13:12+00:00 Hyunjung Ko hj351016@gmail.com 2026-08-06T10:12:52+00:00 6bcb8839aa2d686964a4154650afc4db91e1c514 commit 883b56ae58fe657d8497806c7059646e9ba6dbd0 upstream. tcf_action_check_ctrlact() range checks the primary control action: if (!opcode) ret = action > TC_ACT_VALUE_MAX ? -EINVAL : 0; TC_ACT_VALUE_MAX is TC_ACT_TRAP, so kernel-internal verdicts above it cannot be set that way. But act_gact and act_police each carry a second, independent control action supplied by user space that never reaches that helper - TCA_GACT_PROB.paction and TCA_POLICE_RESULT. Both only reject TC_ACT_GOTO_CHAIN, so any other value is stored verbatim and returned verbatim from the action. In particular user space can store TC_ACT_CONSUMED, which is TC_ACT_VALUE_MAX + 1 and is deliberately not part of the UAPI value range. That verdict tells every caller the action took ownership of the skb, so nobody frees it: sch_handle_ingress(), sch_handle_egress() and tcf_qevent_handle() all deliberately skip the free for it. The result is one leaked sk_buff plus its data buffer per packet traversing the filter, unbounded, for all traffic on the chain including kernel-generated packets. Both are trivially deterministic. act_gact clamps tcfg_pval to >= 1, so with pval = 1 gact_determ() returns the fallback for every packet. act_police has no mandatory rate, so rate = 0 leaves tcfp_mtu = ~0 and tcf_police_mtu_check() always passes. TC_ACT_CONSUMED was added by commit 720f22fed81b ("net: sched: refactor reinsert action"), after both goto-chain guards were written: commit 9469f375ab09 ("net/sched: act_gact: disallow 'goto chain' on fallback control action") and commit c08f5ed5d625 ("net/sched: act_police: disallow 'goto chain' on fallback control action"). Neither guard was widened when the new verdict appeared. Factor the existing range test out of tcf_action_check_ctrlact() as tcf_action_valid() and apply it to both fallbacks. The helper cannot call tcf_action_check_ctrlact() directly because that also allocates a goto_chain, which is exactly what these two sites must not do. Reproduced on v7.2-rc6: kmemleak reports one leaked 232-byte skbuff_head_cache object plus its 704-byte data buffer per packet. With this patch both configurations are rejected with -EINVAL and kmemleak reports none. Fixes: 720f22fed81b ("net: sched: refactor reinsert action") Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v5.3+ Signed-off-by: Hyunjung Ko <hj351016@gmail.com> Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com> Tested-by: Victor Nogueira <victor@mojatatu.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260806101252.809593-1-hj351016@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> 
commit 883b56ae58fe657d8497806c7059646e9ba6dbd0 upstream.

tcf_action_check_ctrlact() range checks the primary control action:

	if (!opcode)
		ret = action > TC_ACT_VALUE_MAX ? -EINVAL : 0;

TC_ACT_VALUE_MAX is TC_ACT_TRAP, so kernel-internal verdicts above it
cannot be set that way. But act_gact and act_police each carry a second,
independent control action supplied by user space that never reaches that
helper - TCA_GACT_PROB.paction and TCA_POLICE_RESULT. Both only reject
TC_ACT_GOTO_CHAIN, so any other value is stored verbatim and returned
verbatim from the action.

In particular user space can store TC_ACT_CONSUMED, which is
TC_ACT_VALUE_MAX + 1 and is deliberately not part of the UAPI value
range. That verdict tells every caller the action took ownership of the
skb, so nobody frees it: sch_handle_ingress(), sch_handle_egress() and
tcf_qevent_handle() all deliberately skip the free for it. The result is
one leaked sk_buff plus its data buffer per packet traversing the filter,
unbounded, for all traffic on the chain including kernel-generated
packets.

Both are trivially deterministic. act_gact clamps tcfg_pval to >= 1, so
with pval = 1 gact_determ() returns the fallback for every packet.
act_police has no mandatory rate, so rate = 0 leaves tcfp_mtu = ~0 and
tcf_police_mtu_check() always passes.

TC_ACT_CONSUMED was added by commit 720f22fed81b ("net: sched: refactor
reinsert action"), after both goto-chain guards were written:
commit 9469f375ab09 ("net/sched: act_gact: disallow 'goto chain' on
fallback control action") and
commit c08f5ed5d625 ("net/sched: act_police: disallow 'goto chain' on
fallback control action"). Neither guard was widened when the new
verdict appeared.

Factor the existing range test out of tcf_action_check_ctrlact() as
tcf_action_valid() and apply it to both fallbacks. The helper cannot call
tcf_action_check_ctrlact() directly because that also allocates a
goto_chain, which is exactly what these two sites must not do.

Reproduced on v7.2-rc6: kmemleak reports one leaked 232-byte
skbuff_head_cache object plus its 704-byte data buffer per packet. With
this patch both configurations are rejected with -EINVAL and kmemleak
reports none.

Fixes: 720f22fed81b ("net: sched: refactor reinsert action")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v5.3+
Signed-off-by: Hyunjung Ko <hj351016@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Tested-by: Victor Nogueira <victor@mojatatu.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260806101252.809593-1-hj351016@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
net/sched: act_api: use RCU with deferred freeing for action lifecycle 2026-06-19T11:39:26+00:00 Jamal Hadi Salim jhs@mojatatu.com 2026-05-31T16:08:12+00:00 8b136f18ac4b2ace5aaad3305b3f8a5d8165a009 [ Upstream commit 5057e1aca011e51ef51498c940ef96f3d3e8a305 ] When NEWTFILTER and DELFILTER are run concurrently it is possible to create a race with an associated action. Let's illustrate with CPU0 running NEWTFILTER and CPU1 running DELFILTER: 0: mutex_lock() <-- holds the idr lock 0: rcu_read_lock() 0: p = idr_find(idr, index) <-- action p is valid (RCU protects IDR) 0: mutex_unlock() <-- releases the idr lock 1: refcount_dec_and_mutex_lock() <-- refcnt 1->0, mutex held 1: idr_remove(idr, index) <-- Action removed from IDR 1: mutex_unlock() <-- mutex released allowing us to delete the action 1: tcf_action_cleanup(p); kfree(p) <-- Kfrees p immediately, no deferral 0: refcount_inc_not_zero(&p->tcfa_refcnt) <-- ouch, UAF p points to freed memory This patch fixes the race condition between NEWTFILTER and DELFILTER by adding struct rcu_head to tc_action used in the deferral and introducing a call_rcu() in the delete path to defer the final kfree(). Note: this is a revert of commit d7fb60b9cafb ("net_sched: get rid of tcfa_rcu") but also modernization/simplification to directly use kfree_rcu(). Let's illustrate the new restored code path: 0: rcu_read_lock() 1: refcount_dec_and_mutex_lock() <-- refcnt 1->0, mutex held 1: idr_remove(idr, index) 1: mutex_unlock() 1: call_rcu(&p->tcfa_rcu, tcf_action_rcu_free) <-- defer kfree after grace period 0: p = idr_find(idr, index) 0: refcount_inc_not_zero(&p->tcfa_refcnt) <-- fails, refcnt already 0 1: rcu_read_unlock() <-- release so freeing can run after grace period After CPU1 calls idr_remove(), the object is no longer reachable through the IDR. CPU0's subsequent idr_find() will return NULL, and even if it still held a stale pointer, the immediate kfree() is now deferred until after the RCU grace period, so no UAF can occur. Fixes: d7fb60b9cafb ("net_sched: get rid of tcfa_rcu") Suggested-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org> Reported-by: Kyle Zeng <kylebot@openai.com> Tested-by: Victor Nogueira <victor@mojatatu.com> Tested-by: syzbot@syzkaller.appspotmail.com Signed-off-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com> Tested-by: Kyle Zeng <kylebot@openai.com> Reviewed-by: Pedro Tammela <pctammela@mojatatu.com> Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Reviewed-by: Victor Nogueira <victor@mojatatu.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260531160812.68020-1-jhs@mojatatu.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org> 
[ Upstream commit 5057e1aca011e51ef51498c940ef96f3d3e8a305 ]

When NEWTFILTER and DELFILTER are run concurrently it is possible to create a
race with an associated action.

Let's illustrate with CPU0 running NEWTFILTER and CPU1 running DELFILTER:

 0: mutex_lock() <-- holds the idr lock
 0: rcu_read_lock()
 0: p = idr_find(idr, index) <-- action p is valid (RCU protects IDR)
 0: mutex_unlock() <-- releases the idr lock
 1: refcount_dec_and_mutex_lock() <-- refcnt 1->0, mutex held
 1: idr_remove(idr, index) <-- Action removed from IDR
 1: mutex_unlock() <-- mutex released allowing us to delete the action
 1: tcf_action_cleanup(p); kfree(p) <-- Kfrees p immediately, no deferral
 0: refcount_inc_not_zero(&p->tcfa_refcnt) <-- ouch, UAF p points to freed memory

This patch fixes the race condition between NEWTFILTER and DELFILTER by
adding struct rcu_head to tc_action used in the deferral and introducing a
call_rcu() in the delete path to defer the final kfree().

Note: this is a revert of commit d7fb60b9cafb ("net_sched: get rid of tcfa_rcu")
but also modernization/simplification to directly use kfree_rcu().

Let's illustrate the new restored code path:

 0: rcu_read_lock()
 1: refcount_dec_and_mutex_lock() <-- refcnt 1->0, mutex held
 1: idr_remove(idr, index)
 1: mutex_unlock()
 1: call_rcu(&p->tcfa_rcu, tcf_action_rcu_free) <-- defer kfree after grace period
 0: p = idr_find(idr, index)
 0: refcount_inc_not_zero(&p->tcfa_refcnt) <-- fails, refcnt already 0
 1: rcu_read_unlock() <-- release so freeing can run after grace period

After CPU1 calls idr_remove(), the object is no longer reachable through the IDR.
CPU0's subsequent idr_find() will return NULL, and even if it still held a
stale pointer, the immediate kfree() is now deferred until after the RCU grace
period, so no UAF can occur.

Fixes: d7fb60b9cafb ("net_sched: get rid of tcfa_rcu")
Suggested-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Kyle Zeng <kylebot@openai.com>
Tested-by: Victor Nogueira <victor@mojatatu.com>
Tested-by: syzbot@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Tested-by: Kyle Zeng <kylebot@openai.com>
Reviewed-by: Pedro Tammela <pctammela@mojatatu.com>
Reviewed-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Victor Nogueira <victor@mojatatu.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260531160812.68020-1-jhs@mojatatu.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
net/sched: Only allow act_ct to bind to clsact/ingress qdiscs and shared blocks 2026-03-25T10:05:42+00:00 Victor Nogueira victor@mojatatu.com 2026-02-25T13:43:48+00:00 5a110ddcc99bda77a28598b3555fe009eaab3828 commit 11cb63b0d1a0685e0831ae3c77223e002ef18189 upstream. As Paolo said earlier [1]: "Since the blamed commit below, classify can return TC_ACT_CONSUMED while the current skb being held by the defragmentation engine. As reported by GangMin Kim, if such packet is that may cause a UaF when the defrag engine later on tries to tuch again such packet." act_ct was never meant to be used in the egress path, however some users are attaching it to egress today [2]. Attempting to reach a middle ground, we noticed that, while most qdiscs are not handling TC_ACT_CONSUMED, clsact/ingress qdiscs are. With that in mind, we address the issue by only allowing act_ct to bind to clsact/ingress qdiscs and shared blocks. That way it's still possible to attach act_ct to egress (albeit only with clsact). [1] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/674b8cbfc385c6f37fb29a1de08d8fe5c2b0fbee.1771321118.git.pabeni@redhat.com/ [2] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/cc6bfb4a-4a2b-42d8-b9ce-7ef6644fb22b@ovn.org/ Reported-by: GangMin Kim <km.kim1503@gmail.com> Fixes: 3f14b377d01d ("net/sched: act_ct: fix skb leak and crash on ooo frags") CC: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Victor Nogueira <victor@mojatatu.com> Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com> Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260225134349.1287037-1-victor@mojatatu.com Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> 
commit 11cb63b0d1a0685e0831ae3c77223e002ef18189 upstream.

As Paolo said earlier [1]:

"Since the blamed commit below, classify can return TC_ACT_CONSUMED while
the current skb being held by the defragmentation engine. As reported by
GangMin Kim, if such packet is that may cause a UaF when the defrag engine
later on tries to tuch again such packet."

act_ct was never meant to be used in the egress path, however some users
are attaching it to egress today [2]. Attempting to reach a middle
ground, we noticed that, while most qdiscs are not handling
TC_ACT_CONSUMED, clsact/ingress qdiscs are. With that in mind, we
address the issue by only allowing act_ct to bind to clsact/ingress
qdiscs and shared blocks. That way it's still possible to attach act_ct to
egress (albeit only with clsact).

[1] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/674b8cbfc385c6f37fb29a1de08d8fe5c2b0fbee.1771321118.git.pabeni@redhat.com/
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/cc6bfb4a-4a2b-42d8-b9ce-7ef6644fb22b@ovn.org/

Reported-by: GangMin Kim <km.kim1503@gmail.com>
Fixes: 3f14b377d01d ("net/sched: act_ct: fix skb leak and crash on ooo frags")
CC: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Victor Nogueira <victor@mojatatu.com>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Link: https://patch.msgid.link/20260225134349.1287037-1-victor@mojatatu.com
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
net/sched: Rename user cookie and act cookie 2023-02-21T00:46:10+00:00 Paul Blakey paulb@nvidia.com 2023-02-17T22:36:13+00:00 db4b49025c0c7116f1d2dfe8d5bbfc983ac054de struct tc_action->act_cookie is a user defined cookie, and the related struct flow_action_entry->act_cookie is used as an handle similar to struct flow_cls_offload->cookie. Rename tc_action->act_cookie to user_cookie, and flow_action_entry->act_cookie to cookie so their names would better fit their usage. Signed-off-by: Paul Blakey <paulb@nvidia.com> Reviewed-by: Marcelo Ricardo Leitner <marcelo.leitner@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org> 
struct tc_action->act_cookie is a user defined cookie,
and the related struct flow_action_entry->act_cookie is
used as an handle similar to struct flow_cls_offload->cookie.

Rename tc_action->act_cookie to user_cookie, and
flow_action_entry->act_cookie to cookie so their names
would better fit their usage.

Signed-off-by: Paul Blakey <paulb@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Marcelo Ricardo Leitner <marcelo.leitner@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org>
net/sched: move struct action_ops definition out of ifdef 2022-12-09T09:18:07+00:00 Pedro Tammela pctammela@mojatatu.com 2022-12-06T13:55:10+00:00 2a7d228f1ae78b6eabef5f18bd1a8d2280555628 The type definition should be visible even in configurations not using CONFIG_NET_CLS_ACT. Signed-off-by: Pedro Tammela <pctammela@mojatatu.com> Reviewed-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com> Reviewed-by: Victor Nogueira <victor@mojatatu.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> 
The type definition should be visible even in configurations not using
CONFIG_NET_CLS_ACT.

Signed-off-by: Pedro Tammela <pctammela@mojatatu.com>
Reviewed-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Reviewed-by: Victor Nogueira <victor@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
act_skbedit: skbedit queue mapping for receive queue 2022-10-25T08:32:40+00:00 Amritha Nambiar amritha.nambiar@intel.com 2022-10-21T07:58:39+00:00 4a6a676f8c16ec17d2f8d69ce3b5d680277ed0d2 Add support for skbedit queue mapping action on receive side. This is supported only in hardware, so the skip_sw flag is enforced. This enables offloading filters for receive queue selection in the hardware using the skbedit action. Traffic arrives on the Rx queue requested in the skbedit action parameter. A new tc action flag TCA_ACT_FLAGS_AT_INGRESS is introduced to identify the traffic direction the action queue_mapping is requested on during filter addition. This is used to disallow offloading the skbedit queue mapping action on transmit side. Example: $tc filter add dev $IFACE ingress protocol ip flower dst_ip $DST_IP\ action skbedit queue_mapping $rxq_id skip_sw Reviewed-by: Sridhar Samudrala <sridhar.samudrala@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Amritha Nambiar <amritha.nambiar@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com> 
Add support for skbedit queue mapping action on receive
side. This is supported only in hardware, so the skip_sw
flag is enforced. This enables offloading filters for
receive queue selection in the hardware using the
skbedit action. Traffic arrives on the Rx queue requested
in the skbedit action parameter. A new tc action flag
TCA_ACT_FLAGS_AT_INGRESS is introduced to identify the
traffic direction the action queue_mapping is requested
on during filter addition. This is used to disallow
offloading the skbedit queue mapping action on transmit
side.

Example:
$tc filter add dev $IFACE ingress protocol ip flower dst_ip $DST_IP\
 action skbedit queue_mapping $rxq_id skip_sw

Reviewed-by: Sridhar Samudrala <sridhar.samudrala@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Amritha Nambiar <amritha.nambiar@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Paolo Abeni <pabeni@redhat.com>
net: sched: act: move global static variable net_id to tc_action_ops 2022-09-09T07:24:41+00:00 Zhengchao Shao shaozhengchao@huawei.com 2022-09-08T04:14:33+00:00 acd0a7ab6334f35c3720120d53f79eb8e9b3ac2e Each tc action module has a corresponding net_id, so put net_id directly into the structure tc_action_ops. Signed-off-by: Zhengchao Shao <shaozhengchao@huawei.com> Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> 
Each tc action module has a corresponding net_id, so put net_id directly
into the structure tc_action_ops.

Signed-off-by: Zhengchao Shao <shaozhengchao@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
net/sched: act_api: Add extack to offload_act_setup() callback 2022-04-08T12:45:43+00:00 Ido Schimmel idosch@nvidia.com 2022-04-07T07:35:22+00:00 c2ccf84ecb715bb81dc7f51e69d680a95bf055ae The callback is used by various actions to populate the flow action structure prior to offload. Pass extack to this callback so that the various actions will be able to report accurate error messages to user space. Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@nvidia.com> Reviewed-by: Petr Machata <petrm@nvidia.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> 
The callback is used by various actions to populate the flow action
structure prior to offload. Pass extack to this callback so that the
various actions will be able to report accurate error messages to user
space.

Signed-off-by: Ido Schimmel <idosch@nvidia.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Machata <petrm@nvidia.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
flow_offload: validate flags of filter and actions 2021-12-19T14:08:48+00:00 Baowen Zheng baowen.zheng@corigine.com 2021-12-17T18:16:28+00:00 c86e0209dc7725c91583e3c0c78c3da6a28daeb4 Add process to validate flags of filter and actions when adding a tc filter. We need to prevent adding filter with flags conflicts with its actions. Signed-off-by: Baowen Zheng <baowen.zheng@corigine.com> Signed-off-by: Louis Peens <louis.peens@corigine.com> Signed-off-by: Simon Horman <simon.horman@corigine.com> Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> 
Add process to validate flags of filter and actions when adding
a tc filter.

We need to prevent adding filter with flags conflicts with its actions.

Signed-off-by: Baowen Zheng <baowen.zheng@corigine.com>
Signed-off-by: Louis Peens <louis.peens@corigine.com>
Signed-off-by: Simon Horman <simon.horman@corigine.com>
Acked-by: Jamal Hadi Salim <jhs@mojatatu.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
flow_offload: add reoffload process to update hw_count 2021-12-19T14:08:48+00:00 Baowen Zheng baowen.zheng@corigine.com 2021-12-17T18:16:27+00:00 13926d19a11e303f12571df61b7bb64f17cb4561 Add reoffload process to update hw_count when driver is inserted or removed. We will delete the action if it is with skip_sw flag and not offloaded to any hardware in reoffload process. When reoffloading actions, we still offload the actions that are added independent of filters. Signed-off-by: Baowen Zheng <baowen.zheng@corigine.com> Signed-off-by: Louis Peens <louis.peens@corigine.com> Signed-off-by: Simon Horman <simon.horman@corigine.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net> 
Add reoffload process to update hw_count when driver
is inserted or removed.

We will delete the action if it is with skip_sw flag and
not offloaded to any hardware in reoffload process.

When reoffloading actions, we still offload the actions
that are added independent of filters.

Signed-off-by: Baowen Zheng <baowen.zheng@corigine.com>
Signed-off-by: Louis Peens <louis.peens@corigine.com>
Signed-off-by: Simon Horman <simon.horman@corigine.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>