linux-stable.git/include/linux/sched.h, branch v5.4.201

oom_kill.c: futex: delay the OOM reaper to allow time for proper futex cleanup

2022-04-27T11:50:48+00:00

commit e4a38402c36e42df28eb1a5394be87e6571fb48a upstream.

The pthread struct is allocated on PRIVATE|ANONYMOUS memory [1] which
can be targeted by the oom reaper.  This mapping is used to store the
futex robust list head; the kernel does not keep a copy of the robust
list and instead references a userspace address to maintain the
robustness during a process death.

A race can occur between exit_mm and the oom reaper that allows the oom
reaper to free the memory of the futex robust list before the exit path
has handled the futex death:

    CPU1                               CPU2
    --------------------------------------------------------------------
    page_fault
    do_exit "signal"
    wake_oom_reaper
                                        oom_reaper
                                        oom_reap_task_mm (invalidates mm)
    exit_mm
    exit_mm_release
    futex_exit_release
    futex_cleanup
    exit_robust_list
    get_user (EFAULT- can't access memory)

If the get_user EFAULT's, the kernel will be unable to recover the
waiters on the robust_list, leaving userspace mutexes hung indefinitely.

Delay the OOM reaper, allowing more time for the exit path to perform
the futex cleanup.

Reproducer: https://gitlab.com/jsavitz/oom_futex_reproducer

Based on a patch by Michal Hocko.

Link: https://elixir.bootlin.com/glibc/glibc-2.35/source/nptl/allocatestack.c#L370 [1]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20220414144042.677008-1-npache@redhat.com
Fixes: 212925802454 ("mm: oom: let oom_reap_task and exit_mmap run concurrently")
Signed-off-by: Joel Savitz 
Signed-off-by: Nico Pache 
Co-developed-by: Joel Savitz 
Suggested-by: Thomas Gleixner 
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner 
Acked-by: Michal Hocko 
Cc: Rafael Aquini 
Cc: Waiman Long 
Cc: Herton R. Krzesinski 
Cc: Juri Lelli 
Cc: Vincent Guittot 
Cc: Dietmar Eggemann 
Cc: Steven Rostedt 
Cc: Ben Segall 
Cc: Mel Gorman 
Cc: Daniel Bristot de Oliveira 
Cc: David Rientjes 
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli 
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso 
Cc: Peter Zijlstra 
Cc: Ingo Molnar 
Cc: Joel Savitz 
Cc: Darren Hart 
Cc: 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

Revert "module, async: async_synchronize_full() on module init iff async is used"

2022-02-23T10:59:56+00:00

[ Upstream commit 67d6212afda218d564890d1674bab28e8612170f ]

This reverts commit 774a1221e862b343388347bac9b318767336b20b.

We need to finish all async code before the module init sequence is
done.  In the reverted commit the PF_USED_ASYNC flag was added to mark a
thread that called async_schedule().  Then the PF_USED_ASYNC flag was
used to determine whether or not async_synchronize_full() needs to be
invoked.  This works when modprobe thread is calling async_schedule(),
but it does not work if module dispatches init code to a worker thread
which then calls async_schedule().

For example, PCI driver probing is invoked from a worker thread based on
a node where device is attached:

	if (cpu < nr_cpu_ids)
		error = work_on_cpu(cpu, local_pci_probe, &ddi);
	else
		error = local_pci_probe(&ddi);

We end up in a situation where a worker thread gets the PF_USED_ASYNC
flag set instead of the modprobe thread.  As a result,
async_synchronize_full() is not invoked and modprobe completes without
waiting for the async code to finish.

The issue was discovered while loading the pm80xx driver:
(scsi_mod.scan=async)

modprobe pm80xx                      worker
...
  do_init_module()
  ...
    pci_call_probe()
      work_on_cpu(local_pci_probe)
                                     local_pci_probe()
                                       pm8001_pci_probe()
                                         scsi_scan_host()
                                           async_schedule()
                                           worker->flags |= PF_USED_ASYNC;
                                     ...
      < return from worker >
  ...
  if (current->flags & PF_USED_ASYNC) <--- false
  	async_synchronize_full();

Commit 21c3c5d28007 ("block: don't request module during elevator init")
fixed the deadlock issue which the reverted commit 774a1221e862
("module, async: async_synchronize_full() on module init iff async is
used") tried to fix.

Since commit 0fdff3ec6d87 ("async, kmod: warn on synchronous
request_module() from async workers") synchronous module loading from
async is not allowed.

Given that the original deadlock issue is fixed and it is no longer
allowed to call synchronous request_module() from async we can remove
PF_USED_ASYNC flag to make module init consistently invoke
async_synchronize_full() unless async module probe is requested.

Signed-off-by: Igor Pylypiv 
Reviewed-by: Changyuan Lyu 
Reviewed-by: Luis Chamberlain 
Acked-by: Tejun Heo 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds 
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

sched: Always inline is_percpu_thread()

2021-10-17T08:42:34+00:00

[ Upstream commit 83d40a61046f73103b4e5d8f1310261487ff63b0 ]

  vmlinux.o: warning: objtool: check_preemption_disabled()+0x81: call to is_percpu_thread() leaves .noinstr.text section

Reported-by: Stephen Rothwell 
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) 
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210928084218.063371959@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

signal: Extend exec_id to 64bits

2020-04-17T08:50:12+00:00

commit d1e7fd6462ca9fc76650fbe6ca800e35b24267da upstream.

Replace the 32bit exec_id with a 64bit exec_id to make it impossible
to wrap the exec_id counter.  With care an attacker can cause exec_id
wrap and send arbitrary signals to a newly exec'd parent.  This
bypasses the signal sending checks if the parent changes their
credentials during exec.

The severity of this problem can been seen that in my limited testing
of a 32bit exec_id it can take as little as 19s to exec 65536 times.
Which means that it can take as little as 14 days to wrap a 32bit
exec_id.  Adam Zabrocki has succeeded wrapping the self_exe_id in 7
days.  Even my slower timing is in the uptime of a typical server.
Which means self_exec_id is simply a speed bump today, and if exec
gets noticably faster self_exec_id won't even be a speed bump.

Extending self_exec_id to 64bits introduces a problem on 32bit
architectures where reading self_exec_id is no longer atomic and can
take two read instructions.  Which means that is is possible to hit
a window where the read value of exec_id does not match the written
value.  So with very lucky timing after this change this still
remains expoiltable.

I have updated the update of exec_id on exec to use WRITE_ONCE
and the read of exec_id in do_notify_parent to use READ_ONCE
to make it clear that there is no locking between these two
locations.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/kernel-hardening/20200324215049.GA3710@pi3.com.pl
Fixes: 2.3.23pre2
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

rseq: Unregister rseq for clone CLONE_VM

2020-02-05T21:22:43+00:00

[ Upstream commit 463f550fb47bede3a5d7d5177f363a6c3b45d50b ]

It has been reported by Google that rseq is not behaving properly
with respect to clone when CLONE_VM is used without CLONE_THREAD.

It keeps the prior thread's rseq TLS registered when the TLS of the
thread has moved, so the kernel can corrupt the TLS of the parent.

The approach of clearing the per task-struct rseq registration
on clone with CLONE_THREAD flag is incomplete. It does not cover
the use-case of clone with CLONE_VM set, but without CLONE_THREAD.

Here is the rationale for unregistering rseq on clone with CLONE_VM
flag set:

1) CLONE_THREAD requires CLONE_SIGHAND, which requires CLONE_VM to be
   set. Therefore, just checking for CLONE_VM covers all CLONE_THREAD
   uses. There is no point in checking for both CLONE_THREAD and
   CLONE_VM,

2) There is the possibility of an unlikely scenario where CLONE_SETTLS
   is used without CLONE_VM. In order to be an issue, it would require
   that the rseq TLS is in a shared memory area.

   I do not plan on adding CLONE_SETTLS to the set of clone flags which
   unregister RSEQ, because it would require that we also unregister RSEQ
   on set_thread_area(2) and arch_prctl(2) ARCH_SET_FS for completeness.
   So rather than doing a partial solution, it appears better to let
   user-space explicitly perform rseq unregistration across clone if
   needed in scenarios where CLONE_VM is not set.

Signed-off-by: Mathieu Desnoyers 
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) 
Cc: Linus Torvalds 
Cc: Peter Zijlstra 
Cc: Thomas Gleixner 
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191211161713.4490-3-mathieu.desnoyers@efficios.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar 
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

futex: Add mutex around futex exit

2019-11-29T09:10:13+00:00

commit 3f186d974826847a07bc7964d79ec4eded475ad9 upstream.

The mutex will be used in subsequent changes to replace the busy looping of
a waiter when the futex owner is currently executing the exit cleanup to
prevent a potential live lock.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner 
Reviewed-by: Ingo Molnar 
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) 
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191106224556.845798895@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

futex: Replace PF_EXITPIDONE with a state

2019-11-29T09:10:09+00:00

commit 3d4775df0a89240f671861c6ab6e8d59af8e9e41 upstream.

The futex exit handling relies on PF_ flags. That's suboptimal as it
requires a smp_mb() and an ugly lock/unlock of the exiting tasks pi_lock in
the middle of do_exit() to enforce the observability of PF_EXITING in the
futex code.

Add a futex_state member to task_struct and convert the PF_EXITPIDONE logic
over to the new state. The PF_EXITING dependency will be cleaned up in a
later step.

This prepares for handling various futex exit issues later.

Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner 
Reviewed-by: Ingo Molnar 
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) 
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191106224556.149449274@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

arm64: entry.S: Do not preempt from IRQ before all cpufeatures are enabled

2019-10-16T16:51:43+00:00

Preempting from IRQ-return means that the task has its PSTATE saved
on the stack, which will get restored when the task is resumed and does
the actual IRQ return.

However, enabling some CPU features requires modifying the PSTATE. This
means that, if a task was scheduled out during an IRQ-return before all
CPU features are enabled, the task might restore a PSTATE that does not
include the feature enablement changes once scheduled back in.

* Task 1:

PAN == 0 ---|                          |---------------
            |                          |<- return from IRQ, PSTATE.PAN = 0
            | <- IRQ                   |
            +--------+ <- preempt()  +--
                                     ^
                                     |
                                     reschedule Task 1, PSTATE.PAN == 1
* Init:
        --------------------+------------------------
                            ^
                            |
                            enable_cpu_features
                            set PSTATE.PAN on all CPUs

Worse than this, since PSTATE is untouched when task switching is done,
a task missing the new bits in PSTATE might affect another task, if both
do direct calls to schedule() (outside of IRQ/exception contexts).

Fix this by preventing preemption on IRQ-return until features are
enabled on all CPUs.

This way the only PSTATE values that are saved on the stack are from
synchronous exceptions. These are expected to be fatal this early, the
exception is BRK for WARN_ON(), but as this uses do_debug_exception()
which keeps IRQs masked, it shouldn't call schedule().

Signed-off-by: Julien Thierry 
[james: Replaced a really cool hack, with an even simpler static key in C.
 expanded commit message with Julien's cover-letter ascii art]
Signed-off-by: James Morse 
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon

Merge branch 'sched-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip

2019-09-28T19:39:07+00:00

Pull scheduler fixes from Ingo Molnar:

 - Apply a number of membarrier related fixes and cleanups, which fixes
   a use-after-free race in the membarrier code

 - Introduce proper RCU protection for tasks on the runqueue - to get
   rid of the subtle task_rcu_dereference() interface that was easy to
   get wrong

 - Misc fixes, but also an EAS speedup

* 'sched-urgent-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
  sched/fair: Avoid redundant EAS calculation
  sched/core: Remove double update_max_interval() call on CPU startup
  sched/core: Fix preempt_schedule() interrupt return comment
  sched/fair: Fix -Wunused-but-set-variable warnings
  sched/core: Fix migration to invalid CPU in __set_cpus_allowed_ptr()
  sched/membarrier: Return -ENOMEM to userspace on memory allocation failure
  sched/membarrier: Skip IPIs when mm->mm_users == 1
  selftests, sched/membarrier: Add multi-threaded test
  sched/membarrier: Fix p->mm->membarrier_state racy load
  sched/membarrier: Call sync_core only before usermode for same mm
  sched/membarrier: Remove redundant check
  sched/membarrier: Fix private expedited registration check
  tasks, sched/core: RCUify the assignment of rq->curr
  tasks, sched/core: With a grace period after finish_task_switch(), remove unnecessary code
  tasks, sched/core: Ensure tasks are available for a grace period after leaving the runqueue
  tasks: Add a count of task RCU users
  sched/core: Convert vcpu_is_preempted() from macro to an inline function
  sched/fair: Remove unused cfs_rq_clock_task() function

tasks: Add a count of task RCU users

2019-09-25T15:42:29+00:00

Add a count of the number of RCU users (currently 1) of the task
struct so that we can later add the scheduler case and get rid of the
very subtle task_rcu_dereference(), and just use rcu_dereference().

As suggested by Oleg have the count overlap rcu_head so that no
additional space in task_struct is required.

Inspired-by: Linus Torvalds 
Inspired-by: Oleg Nesterov 
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman 
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) 
Cc: Chris Metcalf 
Cc: Christoph Lameter 
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso 
Cc: Kirill Tkhai 
Cc: Linus Torvalds 
Cc: Mike Galbraith 
Cc: Paul E. McKenney 
Cc: Peter Zijlstra 
Cc: Russell King - ARM Linux admin 
Cc: Thomas Gleixner 
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/87woebdplt.fsf_-_@x220.int.ebiederm.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar