linux-stable.git/include/linux/pci.h, branch v4.19.151 Linux kernel stable tree PCI: Use ioremap(), not phys_to_virt() for platform ROM 2020-10-01T11:14:40+00:00 Mikel Rychliski mikel@mikelr.com 2020-03-19T02:16:23+00:00 1841a99325123478c46720078802df3f313e2199 [ Upstream commit 72e0ef0e5f067fd991f702f0b2635d911d0cf208 ] On some EFI systems, the video BIOS is provided by the EFI firmware. The boot stub code stores the physical address of the ROM image in pdev->rom. Currently we attempt to access this pointer using phys_to_virt(), which doesn't work with CONFIG_HIGHMEM. On these systems, attempting to load the radeon module on a x86_32 kernel can result in the following: BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 3e8ed03c #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page *pde = 00000000 Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP CPU: 0 PID: 317 Comm: systemd-udevd Not tainted 5.6.0-rc3-next-20200228 #2 Hardware name: Apple Computer, Inc. MacPro1,1/Mac-F4208DC8, BIOS MP11.88Z.005C.B08.0707021221 07/02/07 EIP: radeon_get_bios+0x5ed/0xe50 [radeon] Code: 00 00 84 c0 0f 85 12 fd ff ff c7 87 64 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 8b 47 08 8b 55 b0 e8 1e 83 e1 d6 85 c0 74 1a 8b 55 c0 85 d2 74 13 <80> 38 55 75 0e 80 78 01 aa 0f 84 a4 03 00 00 8d 74 26 00 68 dc 06 EAX: 3e8ed03c EBX: 00000000 ECX: 3e8ed03c EDX: 00010000 ESI: 00040000 EDI: eec04000 EBP: eef3fc60 ESP: eef3fbe0 DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 00e0 SS: 0068 EFLAGS: 00010206 CR0: 80050033 CR2: 3e8ed03c CR3: 2ec77000 CR4: 000006d0 Call Trace: r520_init+0x26/0x240 [radeon] radeon_device_init+0x533/0xa50 [radeon] radeon_driver_load_kms+0x80/0x220 [radeon] drm_dev_register+0xa7/0x180 [drm] radeon_pci_probe+0x10f/0x1a0 [radeon] pci_device_probe+0xd4/0x140 Fix the issue by updating all drivers which can access a platform provided ROM. Instead of calling the helper function pci_platform_rom() which uses phys_to_virt(), call ioremap() directly on the pdev->rom. radeon_read_platform_bios() previously directly accessed an __iomem pointer. Avoid this by calling memcpy_fromio() instead of kmemdup(). pci_platform_rom() now has no remaining callers, so remove it. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200319021623.5426-1-mikel@mikelr.com Signed-off-by: Mikel Rychliski <mikel@mikelr.com> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Acked-by: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com> Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org> 
[ Upstream commit 72e0ef0e5f067fd991f702f0b2635d911d0cf208 ]

On some EFI systems, the video BIOS is provided by the EFI firmware.  The
boot stub code stores the physical address of the ROM image in pdev->rom.
Currently we attempt to access this pointer using phys_to_virt(), which
doesn't work with CONFIG_HIGHMEM.

On these systems, attempting to load the radeon module on a x86_32 kernel
can result in the following:

  BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: 3e8ed03c
  #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode
  #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page
  *pde = 00000000
  Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP
  CPU: 0 PID: 317 Comm: systemd-udevd Not tainted 5.6.0-rc3-next-20200228 #2
  Hardware name: Apple Computer, Inc. MacPro1,1/Mac-F4208DC8, BIOS     MP11.88Z.005C.B08.0707021221 07/02/07
  EIP: radeon_get_bios+0x5ed/0xe50 [radeon]
  Code: 00 00 84 c0 0f 85 12 fd ff ff c7 87 64 01 00 00 00 00 00 00 8b 47 08 8b 55 b0 e8 1e 83 e1 d6 85 c0 74 1a 8b 55 c0 85 d2 74 13 <80> 38 55 75 0e 80 78 01 aa 0f 84 a4 03 00 00 8d 74 26 00 68 dc 06
  EAX: 3e8ed03c EBX: 00000000 ECX: 3e8ed03c EDX: 00010000
  ESI: 00040000 EDI: eec04000 EBP: eef3fc60 ESP: eef3fbe0
  DS: 007b ES: 007b FS: 00d8 GS: 00e0 SS: 0068 EFLAGS: 00010206
  CR0: 80050033 CR2: 3e8ed03c CR3: 2ec77000 CR4: 000006d0
  Call Trace:
   r520_init+0x26/0x240 [radeon]
   radeon_device_init+0x533/0xa50 [radeon]
   radeon_driver_load_kms+0x80/0x220 [radeon]
   drm_dev_register+0xa7/0x180 [drm]
   radeon_pci_probe+0x10f/0x1a0 [radeon]
   pci_device_probe+0xd4/0x140

Fix the issue by updating all drivers which can access a platform provided
ROM. Instead of calling the helper function pci_platform_rom() which uses
phys_to_virt(), call ioremap() directly on the pdev->rom.

radeon_read_platform_bios() previously directly accessed an __iomem
pointer. Avoid this by calling memcpy_fromio() instead of kmemdup().

pci_platform_rom() now has no remaining callers, so remove it.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20200319021623.5426-1-mikel@mikelr.com
Signed-off-by: Mikel Rychliski <mikel@mikelr.com>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Acked-by: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sashal@kernel.org>
PCI: Probe bridge window attributes once at enumeration-time 2020-08-21T09:05:29+00:00 Bjorn Helgaas bhelgaas@google.com 2019-01-19T17:35:04+00:00 54a7a9d75c0727433feb634b1025c84589949e02 commit 51c48b310183ab6ba5419edfc6a8de889cc04521 upstream. pci_bridge_check_ranges() determines whether a bridge supports the optional I/O and prefetchable memory windows and sets the flag bits in the bridge resources. This *could* be done once during enumeration except that the resource allocation code completely clears the flag bits, e.g., in the pci_assign_unassigned_bridge_resources() path. The problem with pci_bridge_check_ranges() in the resource allocation path is that we may allocate resources after devices have been claimed by drivers, and pci_bridge_check_ranges() *changes* the window registers to determine whether they're writable. This may break concurrent accesses to devices behind the bridge. Add a new pci_read_bridge_windows() to determine whether a bridge supports the optional windows, call it once during enumeration, remember the results, and change pci_bridge_check_ranges() so it doesn't touch the bridge windows but sets the flag bits based on those remembered results. Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-pci/1506151482-113560-1-git-send-email-wangzhou1@hisilicon.com Link: https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2018-12/msg02082.html Reported-by: Yandong Xu <xuyandong2@huawei.com> Tested-by: Yandong Xu <xuyandong2@huawei.com> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com> Cc: Sagi Grimberg <sagi@grimberg.me> Cc: Ofer Hayut <ofer@lightbitslabs.com> Cc: Roy Shterman <roys@lightbitslabs.com> Cc: Keith Busch <keith.busch@intel.com> Cc: Zhou Wang <wangzhou1@hisilicon.com> Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=208371 Signed-off-by: Dima Stepanov <dimastep@yandex-team.ru> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> 
commit 51c48b310183ab6ba5419edfc6a8de889cc04521 upstream.

pci_bridge_check_ranges() determines whether a bridge supports the optional
I/O and prefetchable memory windows and sets the flag bits in the bridge
resources.  This *could* be done once during enumeration except that the
resource allocation code completely clears the flag bits, e.g., in the
pci_assign_unassigned_bridge_resources() path.

The problem with pci_bridge_check_ranges() in the resource allocation path
is that we may allocate resources after devices have been claimed by
drivers, and pci_bridge_check_ranges() *changes* the window registers to
determine whether they're writable.  This may break concurrent accesses to
devices behind the bridge.

Add a new pci_read_bridge_windows() to determine whether a bridge supports
the optional windows, call it once during enumeration, remember the
results, and change pci_bridge_check_ranges() so it doesn't touch the
bridge windows but sets the flag bits based on those remembered results.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-pci/1506151482-113560-1-git-send-email-wangzhou1@hisilicon.com
Link: https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2018-12/msg02082.html
Reported-by: Yandong Xu <xuyandong2@huawei.com>
Tested-by: Yandong Xu <xuyandong2@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Cc: Michael S. Tsirkin <mst@redhat.com>
Cc: Sagi Grimberg <sagi@grimberg.me>
Cc: Ofer Hayut <ofer@lightbitslabs.com>
Cc: Roy Shterman <roys@lightbitslabs.com>
Cc: Keith Busch <keith.busch@intel.com>
Cc: Zhou Wang <wangzhou1@hisilicon.com>
Bugzilla: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=208371
Signed-off-by: Dima Stepanov <dimastep@yandex-team.ru>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
PCI: Work around Pericom PCIe-to-PCI bridge Retrain Link erratum 2019-05-25T16:23:38+00:00 Stefan Mätje stefan.maetje@esd.eu 2019-03-29T17:07:35+00:00 d5c352305d427223f9e271ef13b7242b1a60ed60 commit 4ec73791a64bab25cabf16a6067ee478692e506d upstream. Due to an erratum in some Pericom PCIe-to-PCI bridges in reverse mode (conventional PCI on primary side, PCIe on downstream side), the Retrain Link bit needs to be cleared manually to allow the link training to complete successfully. If it is not cleared manually, the link training is continuously restarted and no devices below the PCI-to-PCIe bridge can be accessed. That means drivers for devices below the bridge will be loaded but won't work and may even crash because the driver is only reading 0xffff. See the Pericom Errata Sheet PI7C9X111SLB_errata_rev1.2_102711.pdf for details. Devices known as affected so far are: PI7C9X110, PI7C9X111SL, PI7C9X130. Add a new flag, clear_retrain_link, in struct pci_dev. Quirks for affected devices set this bit. Note that pcie_retrain_link() lives in aspm.c because that's currently the only place we use it, but this erratum is not specific to ASPM, and we may retrain links for other reasons in the future. Signed-off-by: Stefan Mätje <stefan.maetje@esd.eu> [bhelgaas: apply regardless of CONFIG_PCIEASPM] Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com> CC: stable@vger.kernel.org Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org> 
commit 4ec73791a64bab25cabf16a6067ee478692e506d upstream.

Due to an erratum in some Pericom PCIe-to-PCI bridges in reverse mode
(conventional PCI on primary side, PCIe on downstream side), the Retrain
Link bit needs to be cleared manually to allow the link training to
complete successfully.

If it is not cleared manually, the link training is continuously restarted
and no devices below the PCI-to-PCIe bridge can be accessed.  That means
drivers for devices below the bridge will be loaded but won't work and may
even crash because the driver is only reading 0xffff.

See the Pericom Errata Sheet PI7C9X111SLB_errata_rev1.2_102711.pdf for
details.  Devices known as affected so far are: PI7C9X110, PI7C9X111SL,
PI7C9X130.

Add a new flag, clear_retrain_link, in struct pci_dev.  Quirks for affected
devices set this bit.

Note that pcie_retrain_link() lives in aspm.c because that's currently the
only place we use it, but this erratum is not specific to ASPM, and we may
retrain links for other reasons in the future.

Signed-off-by: Stefan Mätje <stefan.maetje@esd.eu>
[bhelgaas: apply regardless of CONFIG_PCIEASPM]
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
CC: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
IB/hfi1,PCI: Allow bus reset while probing 2018-09-12T02:44:52+00:00 Dennis Dalessandro dennis.dalessandro@intel.com 2018-08-31T17:34:14+00:00 bfc456060d0cbcf6902a436d358b60cb1534668c Calling into the new API to reset the secondary bus results in a deadlock. This occurs because the device/bus is already locked at probe time. Reverting back to the old behavior while the API is improved. Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=200985 Fixes: c6a44ba950d1 ("PCI: Rename pci_try_reset_bus() to pci_reset_bus()") Fixes: 409888e0966e ("IB/hfi1: Use pci_try_reset_bus() for initiating PCI Secondary Bus Reset") Signed-off-by: Dennis Dalessandro <dennis.dalessandro@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Reviewed-by: Michael J. Ruhl <michael.j.ruhl@intel.com> Cc: Sinan Kaya <okaya@codeaurora.org> 
Calling into the new API to reset the secondary bus results in a deadlock.
This occurs because the device/bus is already locked at probe time.
Reverting back to the old behavior while the API is improved.

Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=200985
Fixes: c6a44ba950d1 ("PCI: Rename pci_try_reset_bus() to pci_reset_bus()")
Fixes: 409888e0966e ("IB/hfi1: Use pci_try_reset_bus() for initiating PCI Secondary Bus Reset")
Signed-off-by: Dennis Dalessandro <dennis.dalessandro@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Michael J. Ruhl <michael.j.ruhl@intel.com>
Cc: Sinan Kaya <okaya@codeaurora.org>
 PCI: Add support for relative addressing in quirk tables 2018-08-22T17:52:47+00:00 Ard Biesheuvel ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org 2018-08-22T04:56:18+00:00 c9d8b55fa0191623fccb9ed67d2ff8f9159e9a89 Allow the PCI quirk tables to be emitted in a way that avoids absolute references to the hook functions. This reduces the size of the entries, and, more importantly, makes them invariant under runtime relocation (e.g., for KASLR) Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180704083651.24360-6-ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org Acked-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org> Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de> Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com> Cc: James Morris <james.morris@microsoft.com> Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org> Cc: Jessica Yu <jeyu@kernel.org> Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org> Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org> Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com> Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk> Cc: "Serge E. Hallyn" <serge@hallyn.com> Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com> Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org> Cc: Thomas Garnier <thgarnie@google.com> Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de> Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> 
Allow the PCI quirk tables to be emitted in a way that avoids absolute
references to the hook functions. This reduces the size of the entries,
and, more importantly, makes them invariant under runtime relocation
(e.g., for KASLR)

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180704083651.24360-6-ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org
Acked-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: James Morris <james.morris@microsoft.com>
Cc: James Morris <jmorris@namei.org>
Cc: Jessica Yu <jeyu@kernel.org>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: "Serge E. Hallyn" <serge@hallyn.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Garnier <thgarnie@google.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Merge tag 'pci-v4.19-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci 2018-08-16T16:21:54+00:00 Linus Torvalds torvalds@linux-foundation.org 2018-08-16T16:21:54+00:00 4e31843f681c34f7185e7d169fe627c9d891ce2c Pull pci updates from Bjorn Helgaas: - Decode AER errors with names similar to "lspci" (Tyler Baicar) - Expose AER statistics in sysfs (Rajat Jain) - Clear AER status bits selectively based on the type of recovery (Oza Pawandeep) - Honor "pcie_ports=native" even if HEST sets FIRMWARE_FIRST (Alexandru Gagniuc) - Don't clear AER status bits if we're using the "Firmware-First" strategy where firmware owns the registers (Alexandru Gagniuc) - Use sysfs_match_string() to simplify ASPM sysfs parsing (Andy Shevchenko) - Remove unnecessary includes of <linux/pci-aspm.h> (Bjorn Helgaas) - Defer DPC event handling to work queue (Keith Busch) - Use threaded IRQ for DPC bottom half (Keith Busch) - Print AER status while handling DPC events (Keith Busch) - Work around IDT switch ACS Source Validation erratum (James Puthukattukaran) - Emit diagnostics for all cases of PCIe Link downtraining (Links operating slower than they're capable of) (Alexandru Gagniuc) - Skip VFs when configuring Max Payload Size (Myron Stowe) - Reduce Root Port Max Payload Size if necessary when hot-adding a device below it (Myron Stowe) - Simplify SHPC existence/permission checks (Bjorn Helgaas) - Remove hotplug sample skeleton driver (Lukas Wunner) - Convert pciehp to threaded IRQ handling (Lukas Wunner) - Improve pciehp tolerance of missed events and initially unstable links (Lukas Wunner) - Clear spurious pciehp events on resume (Lukas Wunner) - Add pciehp runtime PM support, including for Thunderbolt controllers (Lukas Wunner) - Support interrupts from pciehp bridges in D3hot (Lukas Wunner) - Mark fall-through switch cases before enabling -Wimplicit-fallthrough (Gustavo A. R. Silva) - Move DMA-debug PCI init from arch code to PCI core (Christoph Hellwig) - Fix pci_request_irq() usage of IRQF_ONESHOT when no handler is supplied (Heiner Kallweit) - Unify PCI and DMA direction #defines (Shunyong Yang) - Add PCI_DEVICE_DATA() macro (Andy Shevchenko) - Check for VPD completion before checking for timeout (Bert Kenward) - Limit Netronome NFP5000 config space size to work around erratum (Jakub Kicinski) - Set IRQCHIP_ONESHOT_SAFE for PCI MSI irqchips (Heiner Kallweit) - Document ACPI description of PCI host bridges (Bjorn Helgaas) - Add "pci=disable_acs_redir=" parameter to disable ACS redirection for peer-to-peer DMA support (we don't have the peer-to-peer support yet; this is just one piece) (Logan Gunthorpe) - Clean up devm_of_pci_get_host_bridge_resources() resource allocation (Jan Kiszka) - Fixup resizable BARs after suspend/resume (Christian König) - Make "pci=earlydump" generic (Sinan Kaya) - Fix ROM BAR access routines to stay in bounds and check for signature correctly (Rex Zhu) - Add DMA alias quirk for Microsemi Switchtec NTB (Doug Meyer) - Expand documentation for pci_add_dma_alias() (Logan Gunthorpe) - To avoid bus errors, enable PASID only if entire path supports End-End TLP prefixes (Sinan Kaya) - Unify slot and bus reset functions and remove hotplug knowledge from callers (Sinan Kaya) - Add Function-Level Reset quirks for Intel and Samsung NVMe devices to fix guest reboot issues (Alex Williamson) - Add function 1 DMA alias quirk for Marvell 88SS9183 PCIe SSD Controller (Bjorn Helgaas) - Remove Xilinx AXI-PCIe host bridge arch dependency (Palmer Dabbelt) - Remove Aardvark outbound window configuration (Evan Wang) - Fix Aardvark bridge window sizing issue (Zachary Zhang) - Convert Aardvark to use pci_host_probe() to reduce code duplication (Thomas Petazzoni) - Correct the Cadence cdns_pcie_writel() signature (Alan Douglas) - Add Cadence support for optional generic PHYs (Alan Douglas) - Add Cadence power management ops (Alan Douglas) - Remove redundant variable from Cadence driver (Colin Ian King) - Add Kirin MSI support (Xiaowei Song) - Drop unnecessary root_bus_nr setting from exynos, imx6, keystone, armada8k, artpec6, designware-plat, histb, qcom, spear13xx (Shawn Guo) - Move link notification settings from DesignWare core to individual drivers (Gustavo Pimentel) - Add endpoint library MSI-X interfaces (Gustavo Pimentel) - Correct signature of endpoint library IRQ interfaces (Gustavo Pimentel) - Add DesignWare endpoint library MSI-X callbacks (Gustavo Pimentel) - Add endpoint library MSI-X test support (Gustavo Pimentel) - Remove unnecessary GFP_ATOMIC from Hyper-V "new child" allocation (Jia-Ju Bai) - Add more devices to Broadcom PAXC quirk (Ray Jui) - Work around corrupted Broadcom PAXC config space to enable SMMU and GICv3 ITS (Ray Jui) - Disable MSI parsing to work around broken Broadcom PAXC logic in some devices (Ray Jui) - Hide unconfigured functions to work around a Broadcom PAXC defect (Ray Jui) - Lower iproc log level to reduce console output during boot (Ray Jui) - Fix mobiveil iomem/phys_addr_t type usage (Lorenzo Pieralisi) - Fix mobiveil missing include file (Lorenzo Pieralisi) - Add mobiveil Kconfig/Makefile support (Lorenzo Pieralisi) - Fix mvebu I/O space remapping issues (Thomas Petazzoni) - Use generic pci_host_bridge in mvebu instead of ARM-specific API (Thomas Petazzoni) - Whitelist VMD devices with fast interrupt handlers to avoid sharing vectors with slow handlers (Keith Busch) * tag 'pci-v4.19-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci: (153 commits) PCI/AER: Don't clear AER bits if error handling is Firmware-First PCI: Limit config space size for Netronome NFP5000 PCI/MSI: Set IRQCHIP_ONESHOT_SAFE for PCI-MSI irqchips PCI/VPD: Check for VPD access completion before checking for timeout PCI: Add PCI_DEVICE_DATA() macro to fully describe device ID entry PCI: Match Root Port's MPS to endpoint's MPSS as necessary PCI: Skip MPS logic for Virtual Functions (VFs) PCI: Add function 1 DMA alias quirk for Marvell 88SS9183 PCI: Check for PCIe Link downtraining PCI: Add ACS Redirect disable quirk for Intel Sunrise Point PCI: Add device-specific ACS Redirect disable infrastructure PCI: Convert device-specific ACS quirks from NULL termination to ARRAY_SIZE PCI: Add "pci=disable_acs_redir=" parameter for peer-to-peer support PCI: Allow specifying devices using a base bus and path of devfns PCI: Make specifying PCI devices in kernel parameters reusable PCI: Hide ACS quirk declarations inside PCI core PCI: Delay after FLR of Intel DC P3700 NVMe PCI: Disable Samsung SM961/PM961 NVMe before FLR PCI: Export pcie_has_flr() PCI: mvebu: Drop bogus comment above mvebu_pcie_map_registers() ... 
Pull pci updates from Bjorn Helgaas:

 - Decode AER errors with names similar to "lspci" (Tyler Baicar)

 - Expose AER statistics in sysfs (Rajat Jain)

 - Clear AER status bits selectively based on the type of recovery (Oza
   Pawandeep)

 - Honor "pcie_ports=native" even if HEST sets FIRMWARE_FIRST (Alexandru
   Gagniuc)

 - Don't clear AER status bits if we're using the "Firmware-First"
   strategy where firmware owns the registers (Alexandru Gagniuc)

 - Use sysfs_match_string() to simplify ASPM sysfs parsing (Andy
   Shevchenko)

 - Remove unnecessary includes of <linux/pci-aspm.h> (Bjorn Helgaas)

 - Defer DPC event handling to work queue (Keith Busch)

 - Use threaded IRQ for DPC bottom half (Keith Busch)

 - Print AER status while handling DPC events (Keith Busch)

 - Work around IDT switch ACS Source Validation erratum (James
   Puthukattukaran)

 - Emit diagnostics for all cases of PCIe Link downtraining (Links
   operating slower than they're capable of) (Alexandru Gagniuc)

 - Skip VFs when configuring Max Payload Size (Myron Stowe)

 - Reduce Root Port Max Payload Size if necessary when hot-adding a
   device below it (Myron Stowe)

 - Simplify SHPC existence/permission checks (Bjorn Helgaas)

 - Remove hotplug sample skeleton driver (Lukas Wunner)

 - Convert pciehp to threaded IRQ handling (Lukas Wunner)

 - Improve pciehp tolerance of missed events and initially unstable
   links (Lukas Wunner)

 - Clear spurious pciehp events on resume (Lukas Wunner)

 - Add pciehp runtime PM support, including for Thunderbolt controllers
   (Lukas Wunner)

 - Support interrupts from pciehp bridges in D3hot (Lukas Wunner)

 - Mark fall-through switch cases before enabling -Wimplicit-fallthrough
   (Gustavo A. R. Silva)

 - Move DMA-debug PCI init from arch code to PCI core (Christoph
   Hellwig)

 - Fix pci_request_irq() usage of IRQF_ONESHOT when no handler is
   supplied (Heiner Kallweit)

 - Unify PCI and DMA direction #defines (Shunyong Yang)

 - Add PCI_DEVICE_DATA() macro (Andy Shevchenko)

 - Check for VPD completion before checking for timeout (Bert Kenward)

 - Limit Netronome NFP5000 config space size to work around erratum
   (Jakub Kicinski)

 - Set IRQCHIP_ONESHOT_SAFE for PCI MSI irqchips (Heiner Kallweit)

 - Document ACPI description of PCI host bridges (Bjorn Helgaas)

 - Add "pci=disable_acs_redir=" parameter to disable ACS redirection for
   peer-to-peer DMA support (we don't have the peer-to-peer support yet;
   this is just one piece) (Logan Gunthorpe)

 - Clean up devm_of_pci_get_host_bridge_resources() resource allocation
   (Jan Kiszka)

 - Fixup resizable BARs after suspend/resume (Christian König)

 - Make "pci=earlydump" generic (Sinan Kaya)

 - Fix ROM BAR access routines to stay in bounds and check for signature
   correctly (Rex Zhu)

 - Add DMA alias quirk for Microsemi Switchtec NTB (Doug Meyer)

 - Expand documentation for pci_add_dma_alias() (Logan Gunthorpe)

 - To avoid bus errors, enable PASID only if entire path supports
   End-End TLP prefixes (Sinan Kaya)

 - Unify slot and bus reset functions and remove hotplug knowledge from
   callers (Sinan Kaya)

 - Add Function-Level Reset quirks for Intel and Samsung NVMe devices to
   fix guest reboot issues (Alex Williamson)

 - Add function 1 DMA alias quirk for Marvell 88SS9183 PCIe SSD
   Controller (Bjorn Helgaas)

 - Remove Xilinx AXI-PCIe host bridge arch dependency (Palmer Dabbelt)

 - Remove Aardvark outbound window configuration (Evan Wang)

 - Fix Aardvark bridge window sizing issue (Zachary Zhang)

 - Convert Aardvark to use pci_host_probe() to reduce code duplication
   (Thomas Petazzoni)

 - Correct the Cadence cdns_pcie_writel() signature (Alan Douglas)

 - Add Cadence support for optional generic PHYs (Alan Douglas)

 - Add Cadence power management ops (Alan Douglas)

 - Remove redundant variable from Cadence driver (Colin Ian King)

 - Add Kirin MSI support (Xiaowei Song)

 - Drop unnecessary root_bus_nr setting from exynos, imx6, keystone,
   armada8k, artpec6, designware-plat, histb, qcom, spear13xx (Shawn
   Guo)

 - Move link notification settings from DesignWare core to individual
   drivers (Gustavo Pimentel)

 - Add endpoint library MSI-X interfaces (Gustavo Pimentel)

 - Correct signature of endpoint library IRQ interfaces (Gustavo
   Pimentel)

 - Add DesignWare endpoint library MSI-X callbacks (Gustavo Pimentel)

 - Add endpoint library MSI-X test support (Gustavo Pimentel)

 - Remove unnecessary GFP_ATOMIC from Hyper-V "new child" allocation
   (Jia-Ju Bai)

 - Add more devices to Broadcom PAXC quirk (Ray Jui)

 - Work around corrupted Broadcom PAXC config space to enable SMMU and
   GICv3 ITS (Ray Jui)

 - Disable MSI parsing to work around broken Broadcom PAXC logic in some
   devices (Ray Jui)

 - Hide unconfigured functions to work around a Broadcom PAXC defect
   (Ray Jui)

 - Lower iproc log level to reduce console output during boot (Ray Jui)

 - Fix mobiveil iomem/phys_addr_t type usage (Lorenzo Pieralisi)

 - Fix mobiveil missing include file (Lorenzo Pieralisi)

 - Add mobiveil Kconfig/Makefile support (Lorenzo Pieralisi)

 - Fix mvebu I/O space remapping issues (Thomas Petazzoni)

 - Use generic pci_host_bridge in mvebu instead of ARM-specific API
   (Thomas Petazzoni)

 - Whitelist VMD devices with fast interrupt handlers to avoid sharing
   vectors with slow handlers (Keith Busch)

* tag 'pci-v4.19-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci: (153 commits)
  PCI/AER: Don't clear AER bits if error handling is Firmware-First
  PCI: Limit config space size for Netronome NFP5000
  PCI/MSI: Set IRQCHIP_ONESHOT_SAFE for PCI-MSI irqchips
  PCI/VPD: Check for VPD access completion before checking for timeout
  PCI: Add PCI_DEVICE_DATA() macro to fully describe device ID entry
  PCI: Match Root Port's MPS to endpoint's MPSS as necessary
  PCI: Skip MPS logic for Virtual Functions (VFs)
  PCI: Add function 1 DMA alias quirk for Marvell 88SS9183
  PCI: Check for PCIe Link downtraining
  PCI: Add ACS Redirect disable quirk for Intel Sunrise Point
  PCI: Add device-specific ACS Redirect disable infrastructure
  PCI: Convert device-specific ACS quirks from NULL termination to ARRAY_SIZE
  PCI: Add "pci=disable_acs_redir=" parameter for peer-to-peer support
  PCI: Allow specifying devices using a base bus and path of devfns
  PCI: Make specifying PCI devices in kernel parameters reusable
  PCI: Hide ACS quirk declarations inside PCI core
  PCI: Delay after FLR of Intel DC P3700 NVMe
  PCI: Disable Samsung SM961/PM961 NVMe before FLR
  PCI: Export pcie_has_flr()
  PCI: mvebu: Drop bogus comment above mvebu_pcie_map_registers()
  ...
Merge tag 'drm-next-2018-08-15' of git://anongit.freedesktop.org/drm/drm 2018-08-16T00:39:07+00:00 Linus Torvalds torvalds@linux-foundation.org 2018-08-16T00:39:07+00:00 54dbe75bbf1e189982516de179147208e90b5e45 Pull drm updates from Dave Airlie: "This is the main drm pull request for 4.19. Rob has some new hardware support for new qualcomm hw that I'll send along separately. This has the display part of it, the remaining pull is for the acceleration engine. This also contains a wound-wait/wait-die mutex rework, Peter has acked it for merging via my tree. Otherwise mostly the usual level of activity. Summary: core: - Wound-wait/wait-die mutex rework - Add writeback connector type - Add "content type" property for HDMI - Move GEM bo to drm_framebuffer - Initial gpu scheduler documentation - GPU scheduler fixes for dying processes - Console deferred fbcon takeover support - Displayport support for CEC tunneling over AUX panel: - otm8009a panel driver fixes - Innolux TV123WAM and G070Y2-L01 panel driver - Ilitek ILI9881c panel driver - Rocktech RK070ER9427 LCD - EDT ETM0700G0EDH6 and EDT ETM0700G0BDH6 - DLC DLC0700YZG-1 - BOE HV070WSA-100 - newhaven, nhd-4.3-480272ef-atxl LCD - DataImage SCF0700C48GGU18 - Sharp LQ035Q7DB03 - p079zca: Refactor to support multiple panels tinydrm: - ILI9341 display panel New driver: - vkms - virtual kms driver to testing. i915: - Icelake: Display enablement DSI support IRQ support Powerwell support - GPU reset fixes and improvements - Full ppgtt support refactoring - PSR fixes and improvements - Execlist improvments - GuC related fixes amdgpu: - Initial amdgpu documentation - JPEG engine support on VCN - CIK uses powerplay by default - Move to using core PCIE functionality for gens/lanes - DC/Powerplay interface rework - Stutter mode support for RV - Vega12 Powerplay updates - GFXOFF fixes - GPUVM fault debugging - Vega12 GFXOFF - DC improvements - DC i2c/aux changes - UVD 7.2 fixes - Powerplay fixes for Polaris12, CZ/ST - command submission bo_list fixes amdkfd: - Raven support - Power management fixes udl: - Cleanups and fixes nouveau: - misc fixes and cleanups. msm: - DPU1 support display controller in sdm845 - GPU coredump support. vmwgfx: - Atomic modesetting validation fixes - Support for multisample surfaces armada: - Atomic modesetting support completed. exynos: - IPPv2 fixes - Move g2d to component framework - Suspend/resume support cleanups - Driver cleanups imx: - CSI configuration improvements - Driver cleanups - Use atomic suspend/resume helpers - ipu-v3 V4L2 XRGB32/XBGR32 support pl111: - Add Nomadik LCDC variant v3d: - GPU scheduler jobs management sun4i: - R40 display engine support - TCON TOP driver mediatek: - MT2712 SoC support rockchip: - vop fixes omapdrm: - Workaround for DRA7 errata i932 - Fix mm_list locking mali-dp: - Writeback implementation PM improvements - Internal error reporting debugfs tilcdc: - Single fix for deferred probing hdlcd: - Teardown fixes tda998x: - Converted to a bridge driver. etnaviv: - Misc fixes" * tag 'drm-next-2018-08-15' of git://anongit.freedesktop.org/drm/drm: (1506 commits) drm/amdgpu/sriov: give 8s for recover vram under RUNTIME drm/scheduler: fix param documentation drm/i2c: tda998x: correct PLL divider calculation drm/i2c: tda998x: get rid of private fill_modes function drm/i2c: tda998x: move mode_valid() to bridge drm/i2c: tda998x: register bridge outside of component helper drm/i2c: tda998x: cleanup from previous changes drm/i2c: tda998x: allocate tda998x_priv inside tda998x_create() drm/i2c: tda998x: convert to bridge driver drm/scheduler: fix timeout worker setup for out of order job completions drm/amd/display: display connected to dp-1 does not light up drm/amd/display: update clk for various HDMI color depths drm/amd/display: program display clock on cache match drm/amd/display: Add NULL check for enabling dp ss drm/amd/display: add vbios table check for enabling dp ss drm/amd/display: Don't share clk source between DP and HDMI drm/amd/display: Fix DP HBR2 Eye Diagram Pattern on Carrizo drm/amd/display: Use calculated disp_clk_khz value for dce110 drm/amd/display: Implement custom degamma lut on dcn drm/amd/display: Destroy aux_engines only once ... 
Pull drm updates from Dave Airlie:
 "This is the main drm pull request for 4.19.

  Rob has some new hardware support for new qualcomm hw that I'll send
  along separately. This has the display part of it, the remaining pull
  is for the acceleration engine.

  This also contains a wound-wait/wait-die mutex rework, Peter has acked
  it for merging via my tree.

  Otherwise mostly the usual level of activity. Summary:

  core:
   - Wound-wait/wait-die mutex rework
   - Add writeback connector type
   - Add "content type" property for HDMI
   - Move GEM bo to drm_framebuffer
   - Initial gpu scheduler documentation
   - GPU scheduler fixes for dying processes
   - Console deferred fbcon takeover support
   - Displayport support for CEC tunneling over AUX

  panel:
   - otm8009a panel driver fixes
   - Innolux TV123WAM and G070Y2-L01 panel driver
   - Ilitek ILI9881c panel driver
   - Rocktech RK070ER9427 LCD
   - EDT ETM0700G0EDH6 and EDT ETM0700G0BDH6
   - DLC DLC0700YZG-1
   - BOE HV070WSA-100
   - newhaven, nhd-4.3-480272ef-atxl LCD
   - DataImage SCF0700C48GGU18
   - Sharp LQ035Q7DB03
   - p079zca: Refactor to support multiple panels

  tinydrm:
   - ILI9341 display panel

  New driver:
   - vkms - virtual kms driver to testing.

  i915:
   - Icelake:
        Display enablement
        DSI support
        IRQ support
        Powerwell support
   - GPU reset fixes and improvements
   - Full ppgtt support refactoring
   - PSR fixes and improvements
   - Execlist improvments
   - GuC related fixes

  amdgpu:
   - Initial amdgpu documentation
   - JPEG engine support on VCN
   - CIK uses powerplay by default
   - Move to using core PCIE functionality for gens/lanes
   - DC/Powerplay interface rework
   - Stutter mode support for RV
   - Vega12 Powerplay updates
   - GFXOFF fixes
   - GPUVM fault debugging
   - Vega12 GFXOFF
   - DC improvements
   - DC i2c/aux changes
   - UVD 7.2 fixes
   - Powerplay fixes for Polaris12, CZ/ST
   - command submission bo_list fixes

  amdkfd:
   - Raven support
   - Power management fixes

  udl:
   - Cleanups and fixes

  nouveau:
   - misc fixes and cleanups.

  msm:
   - DPU1 support display controller in sdm845
   - GPU coredump support.

  vmwgfx:
   - Atomic modesetting validation fixes
   - Support for multisample surfaces

  armada:
   - Atomic modesetting support completed.

  exynos:
   - IPPv2 fixes
   - Move g2d to component framework
   - Suspend/resume support cleanups
   - Driver cleanups

  imx:
   - CSI configuration improvements
   - Driver cleanups
   - Use atomic suspend/resume helpers
   - ipu-v3 V4L2 XRGB32/XBGR32 support

  pl111:
   - Add Nomadik LCDC variant

  v3d:
   - GPU scheduler jobs management

  sun4i:
   - R40 display engine support
   - TCON TOP driver

  mediatek:
   - MT2712 SoC support

  rockchip:
   - vop fixes

  omapdrm:
   - Workaround for DRA7 errata i932
   - Fix mm_list locking

  mali-dp:
   - Writeback implementation
        PM improvements
   - Internal error reporting debugfs

  tilcdc:
   - Single fix for deferred probing

  hdlcd:
   - Teardown fixes

  tda998x:
   - Converted to a bridge driver.

  etnaviv:
   - Misc fixes"

* tag 'drm-next-2018-08-15' of git://anongit.freedesktop.org/drm/drm: (1506 commits)
  drm/amdgpu/sriov: give 8s for recover vram under RUNTIME
  drm/scheduler: fix param documentation
  drm/i2c: tda998x: correct PLL divider calculation
  drm/i2c: tda998x: get rid of private fill_modes function
  drm/i2c: tda998x: move mode_valid() to bridge
  drm/i2c: tda998x: register bridge outside of component helper
  drm/i2c: tda998x: cleanup from previous changes
  drm/i2c: tda998x: allocate tda998x_priv inside tda998x_create()
  drm/i2c: tda998x: convert to bridge driver
  drm/scheduler: fix timeout worker setup for out of order job completions
  drm/amd/display: display connected to dp-1 does not light up
  drm/amd/display: update clk for various HDMI color depths
  drm/amd/display: program display clock on cache match
  drm/amd/display: Add NULL check for enabling dp ss
  drm/amd/display: add vbios table check for enabling dp ss
  drm/amd/display: Don't share clk source between DP and HDMI
  drm/amd/display: Fix DP HBR2 Eye Diagram Pattern on Carrizo
  drm/amd/display: Use calculated disp_clk_khz value for dce110
  drm/amd/display: Implement custom degamma lut on dcn
  drm/amd/display: Destroy aux_engines only once
  ...
Merge branch 'pci/virtualization' 2018-08-15T19:59:06+00:00 Bjorn Helgaas bhelgaas@google.com 2018-08-15T19:59:06+00:00 3a48dc6fc260c9cac302a9ffaeab95359431c485 - To avoid bus errors, enable PASID only if entire path supports End-End TLP prefixes (Sinan Kaya) - Unify slot and bus reset functions and remove hotplug knowledge from callers (Sinan Kaya) - Add Function-Level Reset quirks for Intel and Samsung NVMe devices to fix guest reboot issues (Alex Williamson) - Add function 1 DMA alias quirk for Marvell 88SS9183 PCIe SSD Controller (Bjorn Helgaas) * pci/virtualization: PCI: Add function 1 DMA alias quirk for Marvell 88SS9183 PCI: Delay after FLR of Intel DC P3700 NVMe PCI: Disable Samsung SM961/PM961 NVMe before FLR PCI: Export pcie_has_flr() PCI: Rename pci_try_reset_bus() to pci_reset_bus() PCI: Deprecate pci_reset_bus() and pci_reset_slot() functions PCI: Unify try slot and bus reset API PCI: Hide pci_reset_bridge_secondary_bus() from drivers IB/hfi1: Use pci_try_reset_bus() for initiating PCI Secondary Bus Reset PCI: Handle error return from pci_reset_bridge_secondary_bus() PCI/IOV: Tidy pci_sriov_set_totalvfs() PCI: Enable PASID only if entire path supports End-End TLP prefixes # Conflicts: # drivers/pci/hotplug/pciehp_hpc.c 
  - To avoid bus errors, enable PASID only if entire path supports End-End
    TLP prefixes (Sinan Kaya)

  - Unify slot and bus reset functions and remove hotplug knowledge from
    callers (Sinan Kaya)

  - Add Function-Level Reset quirks for Intel and Samsung NVMe devices to
    fix guest reboot issues (Alex Williamson)

  - Add function 1 DMA alias quirk for Marvell 88SS9183 PCIe SSD Controller
    (Bjorn Helgaas)

* pci/virtualization:
  PCI: Add function 1 DMA alias quirk for Marvell 88SS9183
  PCI: Delay after FLR of Intel DC P3700 NVMe
  PCI: Disable Samsung SM961/PM961 NVMe before FLR
  PCI: Export pcie_has_flr()
  PCI: Rename pci_try_reset_bus() to pci_reset_bus()
  PCI: Deprecate pci_reset_bus() and pci_reset_slot() functions
  PCI: Unify try slot and bus reset API
  PCI: Hide pci_reset_bridge_secondary_bus() from drivers
  IB/hfi1: Use pci_try_reset_bus() for initiating PCI Secondary Bus Reset
  PCI: Handle error return from pci_reset_bridge_secondary_bus()
  PCI/IOV: Tidy pci_sriov_set_totalvfs()
  PCI: Enable PASID only if entire path supports End-End TLP prefixes

# Conflicts:
#	drivers/pci/hotplug/pciehp_hpc.c
Merge branch 'pci/resource' 2018-08-15T19:59:01+00:00 Bjorn Helgaas bhelgaas@google.com 2018-08-15T19:59:01+00:00 5fc054a54476f9e2b3d6cc3eeb1537aa549d0ba3 - Clean up devm_of_pci_get_host_bridge_resources() resource allocation (Jan Kiszka) - Fixup resizable BARs after suspend/resume (Christian König) - Make "pci=earlydump" generic (Sinan Kaya) - Fix ROM BAR access routines to stay in bounds and check for signature correctly (Rex Zhu) * pci/resource: PCI: Make pci_get_rom_size() static PCI: Add check code for last image indicator not set PCI: Avoid accessing memory outside the ROM BAR PCI: Make early dump functionality generic PCI: Cleanup PCI_REBAR_CTRL_BAR_SHIFT handling PCI: Restore resized BAR state on resume PCI: Clean up resource allocation in devm_of_pci_get_host_bridge_resources() # Conflicts: # Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt 
  - Clean up devm_of_pci_get_host_bridge_resources() resource allocation
    (Jan Kiszka)

  - Fixup resizable BARs after suspend/resume (Christian König)

  - Make "pci=earlydump" generic (Sinan Kaya)

  - Fix ROM BAR access routines to stay in bounds and check for signature
    correctly (Rex Zhu)

* pci/resource:
  PCI: Make pci_get_rom_size() static
  PCI: Add check code for last image indicator not set
  PCI: Avoid accessing memory outside the ROM BAR
  PCI: Make early dump functionality generic
  PCI: Cleanup PCI_REBAR_CTRL_BAR_SHIFT handling
  PCI: Restore resized BAR state on resume
  PCI: Clean up resource allocation in devm_of_pci_get_host_bridge_resources()

# Conflicts:
#	Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt
Merge branch 'pci/peer-to-peer' 2018-08-15T19:58:58+00:00 Bjorn Helgaas bhelgaas@google.com 2018-08-15T19:58:58+00:00 c689209be23166b340c224df8ecd5deea163da56 - Add "pci=disable_acs_redir=" parameter to disable ACS redirection for peer-to-peer DMA support (we don't have the peer-to-peer support yet; this is just one piece) (Logan Gunthorpe) * pci/peer-to-peer: PCI: Add ACS Redirect disable quirk for Intel Sunrise Point PCI: Add device-specific ACS Redirect disable infrastructure PCI: Convert device-specific ACS quirks from NULL termination to ARRAY_SIZE PCI: Add "pci=disable_acs_redir=" parameter for peer-to-peer support PCI: Allow specifying devices using a base bus and path of devfns PCI: Make specifying PCI devices in kernel parameters reusable PCI: Hide ACS quirk declarations inside PCI core 
  - Add "pci=disable_acs_redir=" parameter to disable ACS redirection for
    peer-to-peer DMA support (we don't have the peer-to-peer support yet;
    this is just one piece) (Logan Gunthorpe)

* pci/peer-to-peer:
  PCI: Add ACS Redirect disable quirk for Intel Sunrise Point
  PCI: Add device-specific ACS Redirect disable infrastructure
  PCI: Convert device-specific ACS quirks from NULL termination to ARRAY_SIZE
  PCI: Add "pci=disable_acs_redir=" parameter for peer-to-peer support
  PCI: Allow specifying devices using a base bus and path of devfns
  PCI: Make specifying PCI devices in kernel parameters reusable
  PCI: Hide ACS quirk declarations inside PCI core