<feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom'>
<title>linux-stable.git/arch/ia64/kernel/setup.c, branch v5.2</title>
<subtitle>Linux kernel stable tree</subtitle>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/'/>
<entry>
<title>efi: Unify DMI setup code over the arm/arm64, ia64 and x86 architectures</title>
<updated>2019-03-29T06:35:00+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Robert Richter</name>
<email>rrichter@marvell.com</email>
</author>
<published>2019-03-28T19:34:28+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=0fca08122eaf5c956a2cbe12775245d747f8b1ac'/>
<id>0fca08122eaf5c956a2cbe12775245d747f8b1ac</id>
<content type='text'>
All architectures (arm/arm64, ia64 and x86) do the same here, so unify
the code.

Note: We do not need to call dump_stack_set_arch_desc() in case of
!dmi_available. Both strings, dmi_ids_string and dump_stack_arch_
desc_str are initialized zero and thus nothing would change.

Signed-off-by: Robert Richter &lt;rrichter@marvell.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel &lt;ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org&gt;
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare &lt;jdelvare@suse.de&gt;
Cc: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Cc: Matt Fleming &lt;matt@codeblueprint.co.uk&gt;
Cc: Peter Zijlstra &lt;peterz@infradead.org&gt;
Cc: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Cc: linux-efi@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190328193429.21373-5-ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar &lt;mingo@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
All architectures (arm/arm64, ia64 and x86) do the same here, so unify
the code.

Note: We do not need to call dump_stack_set_arch_desc() in case of
!dmi_available. Both strings, dmi_ids_string and dump_stack_arch_
desc_str are initialized zero and thus nothing would change.

Signed-off-by: Robert Richter &lt;rrichter@marvell.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel &lt;ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org&gt;
Reviewed-by: Jean Delvare &lt;jdelvare@suse.de&gt;
Cc: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Cc: Matt Fleming &lt;matt@codeblueprint.co.uk&gt;
Cc: Peter Zijlstra &lt;peterz@infradead.org&gt;
Cc: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Cc: linux-efi@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190328193429.21373-5-ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar &lt;mingo@kernel.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>mm: remove include/linux/bootmem.h</title>
<updated>2018-10-31T15:54:16+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Mike Rapoport</name>
<email>rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com</email>
</author>
<published>2018-10-30T22:09:49+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=57c8a661d95dff48dd9c2f2496139082bbaf241a'/>
<id>57c8a661d95dff48dd9c2f2496139082bbaf241a</id>
<content type='text'>
Move remaining definitions and declarations from include/linux/bootmem.h
into include/linux/memblock.h and remove the redundant header.

The includes were replaced with the semantic patch below and then
semi-automated removal of duplicated '#include &lt;linux/memblock.h&gt;

@@
@@
- #include &lt;linux/bootmem.h&gt;
+ #include &lt;linux/memblock.h&gt;

[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: dma-direct: fix up for the removal of linux/bootmem.h]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181002185342.133d1680@canb.auug.org.au
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: powerpc: fix up for removal of linux/bootmem.h]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181005161406.73ef8727@canb.auug.org.au
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: x86/kaslr, ACPI/NUMA: fix for linux/bootmem.h removal]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181008190341.5e396491@canb.auug.org.au
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1536927045-23536-30-git-send-email-rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport &lt;rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell &lt;sfr@canb.auug.org.au&gt;
Acked-by: Michal Hocko &lt;mhocko@suse.com&gt;
Cc: Catalin Marinas &lt;catalin.marinas@arm.com&gt;
Cc: Chris Zankel &lt;chris@zankel.net&gt;
Cc: "David S. Miller" &lt;davem@davemloft.net&gt;
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven &lt;geert@linux-m68k.org&gt;
Cc: Greentime Hu &lt;green.hu@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
Cc: Guan Xuetao &lt;gxt@pku.edu.cn&gt;
Cc: Ingo Molnar &lt;mingo@redhat.com&gt;
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" &lt;jejb@parisc-linux.org&gt;
Cc: Jonas Bonn &lt;jonas@southpole.se&gt;
Cc: Jonathan Corbet &lt;corbet@lwn.net&gt;
Cc: Ley Foon Tan &lt;lftan@altera.com&gt;
Cc: Mark Salter &lt;msalter@redhat.com&gt;
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky &lt;schwidefsky@de.ibm.com&gt;
Cc: Matt Turner &lt;mattst88@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Michael Ellerman &lt;mpe@ellerman.id.au&gt;
Cc: Michal Simek &lt;monstr@monstr.eu&gt;
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt &lt;palmer@sifive.com&gt;
Cc: Paul Burton &lt;paul.burton@mips.com&gt;
Cc: Richard Kuo &lt;rkuo@codeaurora.org&gt;
Cc: Richard Weinberger &lt;richard@nod.at&gt;
Cc: Rich Felker &lt;dalias@libc.org&gt;
Cc: Russell King &lt;linux@armlinux.org.uk&gt;
Cc: Serge Semin &lt;fancer.lancer@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Cc: Tony Luck &lt;tony.luck@intel.com&gt;
Cc: Vineet Gupta &lt;vgupta@synopsys.com&gt;
Cc: Yoshinori Sato &lt;ysato@users.sourceforge.jp&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
Move remaining definitions and declarations from include/linux/bootmem.h
into include/linux/memblock.h and remove the redundant header.

The includes were replaced with the semantic patch below and then
semi-automated removal of duplicated '#include &lt;linux/memblock.h&gt;

@@
@@
- #include &lt;linux/bootmem.h&gt;
+ #include &lt;linux/memblock.h&gt;

[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: dma-direct: fix up for the removal of linux/bootmem.h]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181002185342.133d1680@canb.auug.org.au
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: powerpc: fix up for removal of linux/bootmem.h]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181005161406.73ef8727@canb.auug.org.au
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: x86/kaslr, ACPI/NUMA: fix for linux/bootmem.h removal]
  Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181008190341.5e396491@canb.auug.org.au
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1536927045-23536-30-git-send-email-rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport &lt;rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell &lt;sfr@canb.auug.org.au&gt;
Acked-by: Michal Hocko &lt;mhocko@suse.com&gt;
Cc: Catalin Marinas &lt;catalin.marinas@arm.com&gt;
Cc: Chris Zankel &lt;chris@zankel.net&gt;
Cc: "David S. Miller" &lt;davem@davemloft.net&gt;
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven &lt;geert@linux-m68k.org&gt;
Cc: Greentime Hu &lt;green.hu@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
Cc: Guan Xuetao &lt;gxt@pku.edu.cn&gt;
Cc: Ingo Molnar &lt;mingo@redhat.com&gt;
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" &lt;jejb@parisc-linux.org&gt;
Cc: Jonas Bonn &lt;jonas@southpole.se&gt;
Cc: Jonathan Corbet &lt;corbet@lwn.net&gt;
Cc: Ley Foon Tan &lt;lftan@altera.com&gt;
Cc: Mark Salter &lt;msalter@redhat.com&gt;
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky &lt;schwidefsky@de.ibm.com&gt;
Cc: Matt Turner &lt;mattst88@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Michael Ellerman &lt;mpe@ellerman.id.au&gt;
Cc: Michal Simek &lt;monstr@monstr.eu&gt;
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt &lt;palmer@sifive.com&gt;
Cc: Paul Burton &lt;paul.burton@mips.com&gt;
Cc: Richard Kuo &lt;rkuo@codeaurora.org&gt;
Cc: Richard Weinberger &lt;richard@nod.at&gt;
Cc: Rich Felker &lt;dalias@libc.org&gt;
Cc: Russell King &lt;linux@armlinux.org.uk&gt;
Cc: Serge Semin &lt;fancer.lancer@gmail.com&gt;
Cc: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Cc: Tony Luck &lt;tony.luck@intel.com&gt;
Cc: Vineet Gupta &lt;vgupta@synopsys.com&gt;
Cc: Yoshinori Sato &lt;ysato@users.sourceforge.jp&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>ia64: switch to NO_BOOTMEM</title>
<updated>2018-07-23T18:32:36+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Mike Rapoport</name>
<email>rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com</email>
</author>
<published>2018-07-23T05:56:58+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=f62800992e5917f2bed143dbcdce2501bc6933a9'/>
<id>f62800992e5917f2bed143dbcdce2501bc6933a9</id>
<content type='text'>
Since ia64 already uses memblock to register available physical memory it
is only required to move the calls to register_active_ranges() that wrap
memblock_add_node() earlier and replace bootmem memory reservations with
memblock_reserve(). Of course, all the code that find the place to put the
bootmem bitmap is removed.

Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport &lt;rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck &lt;tony.luck@intel.com&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
Since ia64 already uses memblock to register available physical memory it
is only required to move the calls to register_active_ranges() that wrap
memblock_add_node() earlier and replace bootmem memory reservations with
memblock_reserve(). Of course, all the code that find the place to put the
bootmem bitmap is removed.

Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport &lt;rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Tony Luck &lt;tony.luck@intel.com&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>PCI: remove PCI_DMA_BUS_IS_PHYS</title>
<updated>2018-05-07T05:15:41+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Christoph Hellwig</name>
<email>hch@lst.de</email>
</author>
<published>2018-04-12T07:33:30+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=325ef1857fff8b2049322921e19421b6c5ad74e5'/>
<id>325ef1857fff8b2049322921e19421b6c5ad74e5</id>
<content type='text'>
This was used by the ide, scsi and networking code in the past to
determine if they should bounce payloads.  Now that the dma mapping
always have to support dma to all physical memory (thanks to swiotlb
for non-iommu systems) there is no need to this crude hack any more.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig &lt;hch@lst.de&gt;
Acked-by: Palmer Dabbelt &lt;palmer@sifive.com&gt; (for riscv)
Reviewed-by: Jens Axboe &lt;axboe@kernel.dk&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
This was used by the ide, scsi and networking code in the past to
determine if they should bounce payloads.  Now that the dma mapping
always have to support dma to all physical memory (thanks to swiotlb
for non-iommu systems) there is no need to this crude hack any more.

Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig &lt;hch@lst.de&gt;
Acked-by: Palmer Dabbelt &lt;palmer@sifive.com&gt; (for riscv)
Reviewed-by: Jens Axboe &lt;axboe@kernel.dk&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license</title>
<updated>2017-11-02T10:10:55+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Greg Kroah-Hartman</name>
<email>gregkh@linuxfoundation.org</email>
</author>
<published>2017-11-01T14:07:57+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=b24413180f5600bcb3bb70fbed5cf186b60864bd'/>
<id>b24413180f5600bcb3bb70fbed5cf186b60864bd</id>
<content type='text'>
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode &amp; Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained &gt;5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if &lt;5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart &lt;kstewart@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne &lt;pombredanne@nexb.com&gt;
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier.  The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
 - file had no licensing information it it.
 - file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
 - file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode &amp; Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.  Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed.  Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
 - Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
 - Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained &gt;5
   lines of source
 - File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if &lt;5
   lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

 - when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
   considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
   COPYING file license applied.

   For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0                                              11139

   and resulted in the first patch in this series.

   If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
   Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0".  Results of that was:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|-------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        930

   and resulted in the second patch in this series.

 - if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
   of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
   any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
   it (per prior point).  Results summary:

   SPDX license identifier                            # files
   ---------------------------------------------------|------
   GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note                       270
   GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      169
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause)    21
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    17
   LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                      15
   GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       14
   ((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause)    5
   LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note                       4
   LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note                        3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT)              3
   ((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT)             1

   and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

 - when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
   the concluded license(s).

 - when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
   license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
   licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

 - In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
   resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
   which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

 - When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
   confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

 - If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
   the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
   in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.  The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
 - a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
   license ids and scores
 - reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
   files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
 - reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
   was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
   SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction.  This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg.  Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected.  This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.)  Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart &lt;kstewart@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne &lt;pombredanne@nexb.com&gt;
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman &lt;gregkh@linuxfoundation.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>sched/headers: Move task-&gt;mm handling methods to &lt;linux/sched/mm.h&gt;</title>
<updated>2017-03-03T00:43:28+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Ingo Molnar</name>
<email>mingo@kernel.org</email>
</author>
<published>2017-02-01T18:08:20+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=68e21be2916b359fd8afb536c1911dc014cfd03e'/>
<id>68e21be2916b359fd8afb536c1911dc014cfd03e</id>
<content type='text'>
Move the following task-&gt;mm helper APIs into a new header file,
&lt;linux/sched/mm.h&gt;, to further reduce the size and complexity
of &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;.

Here are how the APIs are used in various kernel files:

  # mm_alloc():
  arch/arm/mach-rpc/ecard.c
  fs/exec.c
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  kernel/fork.c

  # __mmdrop():
  arch/arc/include/asm/mmu_context.h
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  kernel/fork.c

  # mmdrop():
  arch/arm/mach-rpc/ecard.c
  arch/m68k/sun3/mmu_emu.c
  arch/x86/mm/tlb.c
  drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdkfd/kfd_process.c
  drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_userptr.c
  drivers/infiniband/hw/hfi1/file_ops.c
  drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_spapr_tce.c
  fs/exec.c
  fs/proc/base.c
  fs/proc/task_mmu.c
  fs/proc/task_nommu.c
  fs/userfaultfd.c
  include/linux/mmu_notifier.h
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  kernel/fork.c
  kernel/futex.c
  kernel/sched/core.c
  mm/khugepaged.c
  mm/ksm.c
  mm/mmu_context.c
  mm/mmu_notifier.c
  mm/oom_kill.c
  virt/kvm/kvm_main.c

  # mmdrop_async_fn():
  include/linux/sched/mm.h

  # mmdrop_async():
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  kernel/fork.c

  # mmget_not_zero():
  fs/userfaultfd.c
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  mm/oom_kill.c

  # mmput():
  arch/arc/include/asm/mmu_context.h
  arch/arc/kernel/troubleshoot.c
  arch/frv/mm/mmu-context.c
  arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/context.c
  arch/sparc/include/asm/mmu_context_32.h
  drivers/android/binder.c
  drivers/gpu/drm/etnaviv/etnaviv_gem.c
  drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_userptr.c
  drivers/infiniband/core/umem.c
  drivers/infiniband/core/umem_odp.c
  drivers/infiniband/core/uverbs_main.c
  drivers/infiniband/hw/mlx4/main.c
  drivers/infiniband/hw/mlx5/main.c
  drivers/infiniband/hw/usnic/usnic_uiom.c
  drivers/iommu/amd_iommu_v2.c
  drivers/iommu/intel-svm.c
  drivers/lguest/lguest_user.c
  drivers/misc/cxl/fault.c
  drivers/misc/mic/scif/scif_rma.c
  drivers/oprofile/buffer_sync.c
  drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_type1.c
  drivers/vhost/vhost.c
  drivers/xen/gntdev.c
  fs/exec.c
  fs/proc/array.c
  fs/proc/base.c
  fs/proc/task_mmu.c
  fs/proc/task_nommu.c
  fs/userfaultfd.c
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  kernel/cpuset.c
  kernel/events/core.c
  kernel/events/uprobes.c
  kernel/exit.c
  kernel/fork.c
  kernel/ptrace.c
  kernel/sys.c
  kernel/trace/trace_output.c
  kernel/tsacct.c
  mm/memcontrol.c
  mm/memory.c
  mm/mempolicy.c
  mm/migrate.c
  mm/mmu_notifier.c
  mm/nommu.c
  mm/oom_kill.c
  mm/process_vm_access.c
  mm/rmap.c
  mm/swapfile.c
  mm/util.c
  virt/kvm/async_pf.c

  # mmput_async():
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  kernel/fork.c
  mm/oom_kill.c

  # get_task_mm():
  arch/arc/kernel/troubleshoot.c
  arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/context.c
  drivers/android/binder.c
  drivers/gpu/drm/etnaviv/etnaviv_gem.c
  drivers/infiniband/core/umem.c
  drivers/infiniband/core/umem_odp.c
  drivers/infiniband/hw/mlx4/main.c
  drivers/infiniband/hw/mlx5/main.c
  drivers/infiniband/hw/usnic/usnic_uiom.c
  drivers/iommu/amd_iommu_v2.c
  drivers/iommu/intel-svm.c
  drivers/lguest/lguest_user.c
  drivers/misc/cxl/fault.c
  drivers/misc/mic/scif/scif_rma.c
  drivers/oprofile/buffer_sync.c
  drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_type1.c
  drivers/vhost/vhost.c
  drivers/xen/gntdev.c
  fs/proc/array.c
  fs/proc/base.c
  fs/proc/task_mmu.c
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  kernel/cpuset.c
  kernel/events/core.c
  kernel/exit.c
  kernel/fork.c
  kernel/ptrace.c
  kernel/sys.c
  kernel/trace/trace_output.c
  kernel/tsacct.c
  mm/memcontrol.c
  mm/memory.c
  mm/mempolicy.c
  mm/migrate.c
  mm/mmu_notifier.c
  mm/nommu.c
  mm/util.c

  # mm_access():
  fs/proc/base.c
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  kernel/fork.c
  mm/process_vm_access.c

  # mm_release():
  arch/arc/include/asm/mmu_context.h
  fs/exec.c
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  include/uapi/linux/sched.h
  kernel/exit.c
  kernel/fork.c

Acked-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Cc: Mike Galbraith &lt;efault@gmx.de&gt;
Cc: Peter Zijlstra &lt;peterz@infradead.org&gt;
Cc: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar &lt;mingo@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
Move the following task-&gt;mm helper APIs into a new header file,
&lt;linux/sched/mm.h&gt;, to further reduce the size and complexity
of &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;.

Here are how the APIs are used in various kernel files:

  # mm_alloc():
  arch/arm/mach-rpc/ecard.c
  fs/exec.c
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  kernel/fork.c

  # __mmdrop():
  arch/arc/include/asm/mmu_context.h
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  kernel/fork.c

  # mmdrop():
  arch/arm/mach-rpc/ecard.c
  arch/m68k/sun3/mmu_emu.c
  arch/x86/mm/tlb.c
  drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdkfd/kfd_process.c
  drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_userptr.c
  drivers/infiniband/hw/hfi1/file_ops.c
  drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_spapr_tce.c
  fs/exec.c
  fs/proc/base.c
  fs/proc/task_mmu.c
  fs/proc/task_nommu.c
  fs/userfaultfd.c
  include/linux/mmu_notifier.h
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  kernel/fork.c
  kernel/futex.c
  kernel/sched/core.c
  mm/khugepaged.c
  mm/ksm.c
  mm/mmu_context.c
  mm/mmu_notifier.c
  mm/oom_kill.c
  virt/kvm/kvm_main.c

  # mmdrop_async_fn():
  include/linux/sched/mm.h

  # mmdrop_async():
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  kernel/fork.c

  # mmget_not_zero():
  fs/userfaultfd.c
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  mm/oom_kill.c

  # mmput():
  arch/arc/include/asm/mmu_context.h
  arch/arc/kernel/troubleshoot.c
  arch/frv/mm/mmu-context.c
  arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/context.c
  arch/sparc/include/asm/mmu_context_32.h
  drivers/android/binder.c
  drivers/gpu/drm/etnaviv/etnaviv_gem.c
  drivers/gpu/drm/i915/i915_gem_userptr.c
  drivers/infiniband/core/umem.c
  drivers/infiniband/core/umem_odp.c
  drivers/infiniband/core/uverbs_main.c
  drivers/infiniband/hw/mlx4/main.c
  drivers/infiniband/hw/mlx5/main.c
  drivers/infiniband/hw/usnic/usnic_uiom.c
  drivers/iommu/amd_iommu_v2.c
  drivers/iommu/intel-svm.c
  drivers/lguest/lguest_user.c
  drivers/misc/cxl/fault.c
  drivers/misc/mic/scif/scif_rma.c
  drivers/oprofile/buffer_sync.c
  drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_type1.c
  drivers/vhost/vhost.c
  drivers/xen/gntdev.c
  fs/exec.c
  fs/proc/array.c
  fs/proc/base.c
  fs/proc/task_mmu.c
  fs/proc/task_nommu.c
  fs/userfaultfd.c
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  kernel/cpuset.c
  kernel/events/core.c
  kernel/events/uprobes.c
  kernel/exit.c
  kernel/fork.c
  kernel/ptrace.c
  kernel/sys.c
  kernel/trace/trace_output.c
  kernel/tsacct.c
  mm/memcontrol.c
  mm/memory.c
  mm/mempolicy.c
  mm/migrate.c
  mm/mmu_notifier.c
  mm/nommu.c
  mm/oom_kill.c
  mm/process_vm_access.c
  mm/rmap.c
  mm/swapfile.c
  mm/util.c
  virt/kvm/async_pf.c

  # mmput_async():
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  kernel/fork.c
  mm/oom_kill.c

  # get_task_mm():
  arch/arc/kernel/troubleshoot.c
  arch/powerpc/platforms/cell/spufs/context.c
  drivers/android/binder.c
  drivers/gpu/drm/etnaviv/etnaviv_gem.c
  drivers/infiniband/core/umem.c
  drivers/infiniband/core/umem_odp.c
  drivers/infiniband/hw/mlx4/main.c
  drivers/infiniband/hw/mlx5/main.c
  drivers/infiniband/hw/usnic/usnic_uiom.c
  drivers/iommu/amd_iommu_v2.c
  drivers/iommu/intel-svm.c
  drivers/lguest/lguest_user.c
  drivers/misc/cxl/fault.c
  drivers/misc/mic/scif/scif_rma.c
  drivers/oprofile/buffer_sync.c
  drivers/vfio/vfio_iommu_type1.c
  drivers/vhost/vhost.c
  drivers/xen/gntdev.c
  fs/proc/array.c
  fs/proc/base.c
  fs/proc/task_mmu.c
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  kernel/cpuset.c
  kernel/events/core.c
  kernel/exit.c
  kernel/fork.c
  kernel/ptrace.c
  kernel/sys.c
  kernel/trace/trace_output.c
  kernel/tsacct.c
  mm/memcontrol.c
  mm/memory.c
  mm/mempolicy.c
  mm/migrate.c
  mm/mmu_notifier.c
  mm/nommu.c
  mm/util.c

  # mm_access():
  fs/proc/base.c
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  kernel/fork.c
  mm/process_vm_access.c

  # mm_release():
  arch/arc/include/asm/mmu_context.h
  fs/exec.c
  include/linux/sched/mm.h
  include/uapi/linux/sched.h
  kernel/exit.c
  kernel/fork.c

Acked-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Cc: Mike Galbraith &lt;efault@gmx.de&gt;
Cc: Peter Zijlstra &lt;peterz@infradead.org&gt;
Cc: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar &lt;mingo@kernel.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>sched/headers: Prepare to move _init() prototypes from &lt;linux/sched.h&gt; to &lt;linux/sched/init.h&gt;</title>
<updated>2017-03-02T07:42:40+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Ingo Molnar</name>
<email>mingo@kernel.org</email>
</author>
<published>2017-02-05T13:47:12+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=1777e4635507265ba53d8dc4cd248e7d7c306fa0'/>
<id>1777e4635507265ba53d8dc4cd248e7d7c306fa0</id>
<content type='text'>
But first introduce a trivial header and update usage sites.

Acked-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Cc: Mike Galbraith &lt;efault@gmx.de&gt;
Cc: Peter Zijlstra &lt;peterz@infradead.org&gt;
Cc: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar &lt;mingo@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
But first introduce a trivial header and update usage sites.

Acked-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Cc: Mike Galbraith &lt;efault@gmx.de&gt;
Cc: Peter Zijlstra &lt;peterz@infradead.org&gt;
Cc: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar &lt;mingo@kernel.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>sched/headers: Prepare for new header dependencies before moving code to &lt;linux/sched/task_stack.h&gt;</title>
<updated>2017-03-02T07:42:36+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Ingo Molnar</name>
<email>mingo@kernel.org</email>
</author>
<published>2017-02-08T17:51:37+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=68db0cf10678630d286f4bbbbdfa102951a35faa'/>
<id>68db0cf10678630d286f4bbbbdfa102951a35faa</id>
<content type='text'>
We are going to split &lt;linux/sched/task_stack.h&gt; out of &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and a couple of .c files.

Create a trivial placeholder &lt;linux/sched/task_stack.h&gt; file that just
maps to &lt;linux/sched.h&gt; to make this patch obviously correct and
bisectable.

Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.

Acked-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Cc: Mike Galbraith &lt;efault@gmx.de&gt;
Cc: Peter Zijlstra &lt;peterz@infradead.org&gt;
Cc: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar &lt;mingo@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
We are going to split &lt;linux/sched/task_stack.h&gt; out of &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and a couple of .c files.

Create a trivial placeholder &lt;linux/sched/task_stack.h&gt; file that just
maps to &lt;linux/sched.h&gt; to make this patch obviously correct and
bisectable.

Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.

Acked-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Cc: Mike Galbraith &lt;efault@gmx.de&gt;
Cc: Peter Zijlstra &lt;peterz@infradead.org&gt;
Cc: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar &lt;mingo@kernel.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>sched/headers: Prepare for new header dependencies before moving code to &lt;linux/sched/clock.h&gt;</title>
<updated>2017-03-02T07:42:27+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Ingo Molnar</name>
<email>mingo@kernel.org</email>
</author>
<published>2017-02-01T15:36:40+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=e601757102cfd3eeae068f53b3bc1234f3a2b2e9'/>
<id>e601757102cfd3eeae068f53b3bc1234f3a2b2e9</id>
<content type='text'>
We are going to split &lt;linux/sched/clock.h&gt; out of &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and .c files.

Create a trivial placeholder &lt;linux/sched/clock.h&gt; file that just
maps to &lt;linux/sched.h&gt; to make this patch obviously correct and
bisectable.

Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.

Acked-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Cc: Mike Galbraith &lt;efault@gmx.de&gt;
Cc: Peter Zijlstra &lt;peterz@infradead.org&gt;
Cc: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar &lt;mingo@kernel.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
We are going to split &lt;linux/sched/clock.h&gt; out of &lt;linux/sched.h&gt;, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and .c files.

Create a trivial placeholder &lt;linux/sched/clock.h&gt; file that just
maps to &lt;linux/sched.h&gt; to make this patch obviously correct and
bisectable.

Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.

Acked-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Cc: Mike Galbraith &lt;efault@gmx.de&gt;
Cc: Peter Zijlstra &lt;peterz@infradead.org&gt;
Cc: Thomas Gleixner &lt;tglx@linutronix.de&gt;
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar &lt;mingo@kernel.org&gt;
</pre>
</div>
</content>
</entry>
<entry>
<title>mm: add new mmgrab() helper</title>
<updated>2017-02-28T02:43:48+00:00</updated>
<author>
<name>Vegard Nossum</name>
<email>vegard.nossum@oracle.com</email>
</author>
<published>2017-02-27T22:30:07+00:00</published>
<link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='https://git.tavy.me/linux-stable.git/commit/?id=f1f1007644ffc8051a4c11427d58b1967ae7b75a'/>
<id>f1f1007644ffc8051a4c11427d58b1967ae7b75a</id>
<content type='text'>
Apart from adding the helper function itself, the rest of the kernel is
converted mechanically using:

  git grep -l 'atomic_inc.*mm_count' | xargs sed -i 's/atomic_inc(&amp;\(.*\)-&gt;mm_count);/mmgrab\(\1\);/'
  git grep -l 'atomic_inc.*mm_count' | xargs sed -i 's/atomic_inc(&amp;\(.*\)\.mm_count);/mmgrab\(\&amp;\1\);/'

This is needed for a later patch that hooks into the helper, but might
be a worthwhile cleanup on its own.

(Michal Hocko provided most of the kerneldoc comment.)

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161218123229.22952-1-vegard.nossum@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Vegard Nossum &lt;vegard.nossum@oracle.com&gt;
Acked-by: Michal Hocko &lt;mhocko@suse.com&gt;
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) &lt;peterz@infradead.org&gt;
Acked-by: David Rientjes &lt;rientjes@google.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</content>
<content type='xhtml'>
<div xmlns='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml'>
<pre>
Apart from adding the helper function itself, the rest of the kernel is
converted mechanically using:

  git grep -l 'atomic_inc.*mm_count' | xargs sed -i 's/atomic_inc(&amp;\(.*\)-&gt;mm_count);/mmgrab\(\1\);/'
  git grep -l 'atomic_inc.*mm_count' | xargs sed -i 's/atomic_inc(&amp;\(.*\)\.mm_count);/mmgrab\(\&amp;\1\);/'

This is needed for a later patch that hooks into the helper, but might
be a worthwhile cleanup on its own.

(Michal Hocko provided most of the kerneldoc comment.)

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161218123229.22952-1-vegard.nossum@oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Vegard Nossum &lt;vegard.nossum@oracle.com&gt;
Acked-by: Michal Hocko &lt;mhocko@suse.com&gt;
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) &lt;peterz@infradead.org&gt;
Acked-by: David Rientjes &lt;rientjes@google.com&gt;
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton &lt;akpm@linux-foundation.org&gt;
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds &lt;torvalds@linux-foundation.org&gt;
</pre>
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