linux-stable.git/Documentation, branch linux-3.18.y

USB: core: Fix bug caused by duplicate interface PM usage counter

2019-05-16T07:17:18+00:00

commit c2b71462d294cf517a0bc6e4fd6424d7cee5596f upstream.

The syzkaller fuzzer reported a bug in the USB hub driver which turned
out to be caused by a negative runtime-PM usage counter.  This allowed
a hub to be runtime suspended at a time when the driver did not expect
it.  The symptom is a WARNING issued because the hub's status URB is
submitted while it is already active:

	URB 0000000031fb463e submitted while active
	WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 2917 at drivers/usb/core/urb.c:363

The negative runtime-PM usage count was caused by an unfortunate
design decision made when runtime PM was first implemented for USB.
At that time, USB class drivers were allowed to unbind from their
interfaces without balancing the usage counter (i.e., leaving it with
a positive count).  The core code would take care of setting the
counter back to 0 before allowing another driver to bind to the
interface.

Later on when runtime PM was implemented for the entire kernel, the
opposite decision was made: Drivers were required to balance their
runtime-PM get and put calls.  In order to maintain backward
compatibility, however, the USB subsystem adapted to the new
implementation by keeping an independent usage counter for each
interface and using it to automatically adjust the normal usage
counter back to 0 whenever a driver was unbound.

This approach involves duplicating information, but what is worse, it
doesn't work properly in cases where a USB class driver delays
decrementing the usage counter until after the driver's disconnect()
routine has returned and the counter has been adjusted back to 0.
Doing so would cause the usage counter to become negative.  There's
even a warning about this in the USB power management documentation!

As it happens, this is exactly what the hub driver does.  The
kick_hub_wq() routine increments the runtime-PM usage counter, and the
corresponding decrement is carried out by hub_event() in the context
of the hub_wq work-queue thread.  This work routine may sometimes run
after the driver has been unbound from its interface, and when it does
it causes the usage counter to go negative.

It is not possible for hub_disconnect() to wait for a pending
hub_event() call to finish, because hub_disconnect() is called with
the device lock held and hub_event() acquires that lock.  The only
feasible fix is to reverse the original design decision: remove the
duplicate interface-specific usage counter and require USB drivers to
balance their runtime PM gets and puts.  As far as I know, all
existing drivers currently do this.

Signed-off-by: Alan Stern 
Reported-and-tested-by: syzbot+7634edaea4d0b341c625@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
CC: 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

ARM: 8833/1: Ensure that NEON code always compiles with Clang

2019-04-27T07:30:23+00:00

[ Upstream commit de9c0d49d85dc563549972edc5589d195cd5e859 ]

While building arm32 allyesconfig, I ran into the following errors:

  arch/arm/lib/xor-neon.c:17:2: error: You should compile this file with
  '-mfloat-abi=softfp -mfpu=neon'

  In file included from lib/raid6/neon1.c:27:
  /home/nathan/cbl/prebuilt/lib/clang/8.0.0/include/arm_neon.h:28:2:
  error: "NEON support not enabled"

Building V=1 showed NEON_FLAGS getting passed along to Clang but
__ARM_NEON__ was not getting defined. Ultimately, it boils down to Clang
only defining __ARM_NEON__ when targeting armv7, rather than armv6k,
which is the '-march' value for allyesconfig.

>From lib/Basic/Targets/ARM.cpp in the Clang source:

  // This only gets set when Neon instructions are actually available, unlike
  // the VFP define, hence the soft float and arch check. This is subtly
  // different from gcc, we follow the intent which was that it should be set
  // when Neon instructions are actually available.
  if ((FPU & NeonFPU) && !SoftFloat && ArchVersion >= 7) {
    Builder.defineMacro("__ARM_NEON", "1");
    Builder.defineMacro("__ARM_NEON__");
    // current AArch32 NEON implementations do not support double-precision
    // floating-point even when it is present in VFP.
    Builder.defineMacro("__ARM_NEON_FP",
                        "0x" + Twine::utohexstr(HW_FP & ~HW_FP_DP));
  }

Ard Biesheuvel recommended explicitly adding '-march=armv7-a' at the
beginning of the NEON_FLAGS definitions so that __ARM_NEON__ always gets
definined by Clang. This doesn't functionally change anything because
that code will only run where NEON is supported, which is implicitly
armv7.

Link: https://github.com/ClangBuiltLinux/linux/issues/287

Suggested-by: Ard Biesheuvel 
Signed-off-by: Nathan Chancellor 
Acked-by: Nicolas Pitre 
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers 
Reviewed-by: Stefan Agner 
Signed-off-by: Russell King 
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

KVM: Reject device ioctls from processes other than the VM's creator

2019-04-03T04:22:15+00:00

commit ddba91801aeb5c160b660caed1800eb3aef403f8 upstream.

KVM's API requires thats ioctls must be issued from the same process
that created the VM.  In other words, userspace can play games with a
VM's file descriptors, e.g. fork(), SCM_RIGHTS, etc..., but only the
creator can do anything useful.  Explicitly reject device ioctls that
are issued by a process other than the VM's creator, and update KVM's
API documentation to extend its requirements to device ioctls.

Fixes: 852b6d57dc7f ("kvm: add device control API")
Cc: 
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson 
Signed-off-by: Paolo Bonzini 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

mm, proc: be more verbose about unstable VMA flags in /proc//smaps

2019-01-26T08:44:29+00:00

[ Upstream commit 7550c6079846a24f30d15ac75a941c8515dbedfb ]

Patch series "THP eligibility reporting via proc".

This series of three patches aims at making THP eligibility reporting much
more robust and long term sustainable.  The trigger for the change is a
regression report [2] and the long follow up discussion.  In short the
specific application didn't have good API to query whether a particular
mapping can be backed by THP so it has used VMA flags to workaround that.
These flags represent a deep internal state of VMAs and as such they
should be used by userspace with a great deal of caution.

A similar has happened for [3] when users complained that VM_MIXEDMAP is
no longer set on DAX mappings.  Again a lack of a proper API led to an
abuse.

The first patch in the series tries to emphasise that that the semantic of
flags might change and any application consuming those should be really
careful.

The remaining two patches provide a more suitable interface to address [2]
and provide a consistent API to query the THP status both for each VMA and
process wide as well.  [1]

http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181120103515.25280-1-mhocko@kernel.org [2]
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.21.1809241054050.224429@chino.kir.corp.google.com
[3] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181002100531.GC4135@quack2.suse.cz

This patch (of 3):

Even though vma flags exported via /proc//smaps are explicitly
documented to be not guaranteed for future compatibility the warning
doesn't go far enough because it doesn't mention semantic changes to those
flags.  And they are important as well because these flags are a deep
implementation internal to the MM code and the semantic might change at
any time.

Let's consider two recent examples:
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181002100531.GC4135@quack2.suse.cz
: commit e1fb4a086495 "dax: remove VM_MIXEDMAP for fsdax and device dax" has
: removed VM_MIXEDMAP flag from DAX VMAs. Now our testing shows that in the
: mean time certain customer of ours started poking into /proc//smaps
: and looks at VMA flags there and if VM_MIXEDMAP is missing among the VMA
: flags, the application just fails to start complaining that DAX support is
: missing in the kernel.

http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.21.1809241054050.224429@chino.kir.corp.google.com
: Commit 1860033237d4 ("mm: make PR_SET_THP_DISABLE immediately active")
: introduced a regression in that userspace cannot always determine the set
: of vmas where thp is ineligible.
: Userspace relies on the "nh" flag being emitted as part of /proc/pid/smaps
: to determine if a vma is eligible to be backed by hugepages.
: Previous to this commit, prctl(PR_SET_THP_DISABLE, 1) would cause thp to
: be disabled and emit "nh" as a flag for the corresponding vmas as part of
: /proc/pid/smaps.  After the commit, thp is disabled by means of an mm
: flag and "nh" is not emitted.
: This causes smaps parsing libraries to assume a vma is eligible for thp
: and ends up puzzling the user on why its memory is not backed by thp.

In both cases userspace was relying on a semantic of a specific VMA flag.
The primary reason why that happened is a lack of a proper interface.
While this has been worked on and it will be fixed properly, it seems that
our wording could see some refinement and be more vocal about semantic
aspect of these flags as well.

Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181211143641.3503-2-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko 
Acked-by: Jan Kara 
Acked-by: Dan Williams 
Acked-by: David Rientjes 
Acked-by: Mike Rapoport 
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka 
Cc: Dan Williams 
Cc: David Rientjes 
Cc: Paul Oppenheimer 
Cc: William Kucharski 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds 
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin

selftests: Move networking/timestamping from Documentation

2018-12-17T09:07:13+00:00

commit 3d2c86e3057995270e08693231039d9d942871f0 upstream.

Remove networking from Documentation Makefile to move the test to
selftests. Update networking/timestamping Makefile to work under
selftests. These tests will not be run as part of selftests suite
and will not be included in install targets. They can be built and
run separately for now.

This is part of the effort to move runnable code from Documentation.

Acked-by: Jonathan Corbet 
Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan 
[ added to 3.18.y stable to remove a build warning - gregkh]
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

kbuild: verify that $DEPMOD is installed

2018-08-17T18:54:56+00:00

commit 934193a654c1f4d0643ddbf4b2529b508cae926e upstream.

Verify that 'depmod' ($DEPMOD) is installed.
This is a partial revert of commit 620c231c7a7f
("kbuild: do not check for ancient modutils tools").

Also update Documentation/process/changes.rst to refer to
kmod instead of module-init-tools.

Fixes kernel bugzilla #198965:
https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=198965

Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap 
Cc: Lucas De Marchi 
Cc: Lucas De Marchi 
Cc: Michal Marek 
Cc: Jessica Yu 
Cc: Chih-Wei Huang 
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # any kernel since 2012
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

dm thin: fix documentation relative to low water mark threshold

2018-05-30T05:47:30+00:00

[ Upstream commit 9b28a1102efc75d81298198166ead87d643a29ce ]

Fixes:
1. The use of "exceeds" when the opposite of exceeds, falls below,
was meant.
2. Properly speaking, a table can not exceed a threshold.

It emphasizes the important point, which is that it is the userspace
daemon's responsibility to check for low free space when a device
is resumed, since it won't get a special event indicating low free
space in that situation.

Signed-off-by: mulhern 
Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer 
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

Documentation: pinctrl: palmas: Add ti,palmas-powerhold-override property definition

2018-04-08T09:49:48+00:00

commit 0ea66f76ba17a4b229caaadd77de694111b21769 upstream.

GPIO7 is configured in POWERHOLD mode which has higher priority
over DEV_ON bit and keeps the PMIC supplies on even after the DEV_ON
bit is turned off. This property enables driver to over ride the
POWERHOLD value to GPIO7 so as to turn off the PMIC in power off
scenarios.

Signed-off-by: Keerthy 
Acked-by: Rob Herring 
Signed-off-by: Linus Walleij 
Cc: Ben Hutchings 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

fs/proc: Stop trying to report thread stacks

2018-04-08T09:49:48+00:00

commit b18cb64ead400c01bf1580eeba330ace51f8087d upstream.

This reverts more of:

  b76437579d13 ("procfs: mark thread stack correctly in proc//maps")

... which was partially reverted by:

  65376df58217 ("proc: revert /proc//maps [stack:TID] annotation")

Originally, /proc/PID/task/TID/maps was the same as /proc/TID/maps.

In current kernels, /proc/PID/maps (or /proc/TID/maps even for
threads) shows "[stack]" for VMAs in the mm's stack address range.

In contrast, /proc/PID/task/TID/maps uses KSTK_ESP to guess the
target thread's stack's VMA.  This is racy, probably returns garbage
and, on arches with CONFIG_TASK_INFO_IN_THREAD=y, is also crash-prone:
KSTK_ESP is not safe to use on tasks that aren't known to be running
ordinary process-context kernel code.

This patch removes the difference and just shows "[stack]" for VMAs
in the mm's stack range.  This is IMO much more sensible -- the
actual "stack" address really is treated specially by the VM code,
and the current thread stack isn't even well-defined for programs
that frequently switch stacks on their own.

Reported-by: Jann Horn 
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski 
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner 
Cc: Al Viro 
Cc: Andrew Morton 
Cc: Borislav Petkov 
Cc: Brian Gerst 
Cc: Johannes Weiner 
Cc: Kees Cook 
Cc: Linus Torvalds 
Cc: Linux API 
Cc: Peter Zijlstra 
Cc: Tycho Andersen 
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/3e678474ec14e0a0ec34c611016753eea2e1b8ba.1475257877.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman

proc: revert /proc//maps [stack:TID] annotation

2018-04-08T09:49:48+00:00

commit 65376df582174ffcec9e6471bf5b0dd79ba05e4a upstream.

Commit b76437579d13 ("procfs: mark thread stack correctly in
proc//maps") added [stack:TID] annotation to /proc//maps.

Finding the task of a stack VMA requires walking the entire thread list,
turning this into quadratic behavior: a thousand threads means a
thousand stacks, so the rendering of /proc//maps needs to look at a
million combinations.

The cost is not in proportion to the usefulness as described in the
patch.

Drop the [stack:TID] annotation to make /proc//maps (and
/proc//numa_maps) usable again for higher thread counts.

The [stack] annotation inside /proc//task//maps is retained, as
identifying the stack VMA there is an O(1) operation.

Siddesh said:
 "The end users needed a way to identify thread stacks programmatically and
  there wasn't a way to do that.  I'm afraid I no longer remember (or have
  access to the resources that would aid my memory since I changed
  employers) the details of their requirement.  However, I did do this on my
  own time because I thought it was an interesting project for me and nobody
  really gave any feedback then as to its utility, so as far as I am
  concerned you could roll back the main thread maps information since the
  information is available in the thread-specific files"

Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner 
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" 
Cc: Siddhesh Poyarekar 
Cc: Shaohua Li 
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton 
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds 
Cc: Ben Hutchings 
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman