1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
|
<!--
****************************************************************************
* Copyright 2018-2023,2024 Thomas E. Dickey *
* Copyright 1998-2010,2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc. *
* *
* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a *
* copy of this software and associated documentation files (the *
* "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including *
* without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, *
* distribute, distribute with modifications, sublicense, and/or sell *
* copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is *
* furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: *
* *
* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included *
* in all copies or substantial portions of the Software. *
* *
* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS *
* OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF *
* MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. *
* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE ABOVE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, *
* DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR *
* OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR *
* THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE. *
* *
* Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright *
* holders shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the *
* sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written *
* authorization. *
****************************************************************************
* @Id: curs_printw.3x,v 1.53 2024/04/20 19:18:18 tom Exp @
-->
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
<meta name="generator" content="Manpage converted by man2html - see https://invisible-island.net/scripts/readme.html#others_scripts">
<TITLE>curs_printw 3x 2024-04-20 ncurses 6.5 Library calls</TITLE>
<link rel="author" href="mailto:bug-ncurses@gnu.org">
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1 class="no-header">curs_printw 3x 2024-04-20 ncurses 6.5 Library calls</H1>
<PRE>
<STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG> Library calls <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-NAME">NAME</a></H2><PRE>
<STRONG>printw</STRONG>, <STRONG>wprintw</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvprintw</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvwprintw</STRONG>, <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>, <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG> - write
formatted output to a <EM>curses</EM> window
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></H2><PRE>
<STRONG>#include</STRONG> <STRONG><curses.h></STRONG>
<STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>printw(const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>...);</STRONG>
<STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>wprintw(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>...);</STRONG>
<STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mvprintw(int</STRONG> <EM>y</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>x</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>...);</STRONG>
<STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>mvwprintw(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>y</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>int</STRONG> <EM>x</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>...);</STRONG>
<STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>vw_printw(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>va_list</STRONG> <EM>varglist</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
<EM>/*</EM> <EM>obsolete</EM> <EM>*/</EM>
<STRONG>int</STRONG> <STRONG>vwprintw(WINDOW</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>win</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>const</STRONG> <STRONG>char</STRONG> <STRONG>*</STRONG><EM>fmt</EM><STRONG>,</STRONG> <STRONG>va_list</STRONG> <EM>varglist</EM><STRONG>);</STRONG>
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></H2><PRE>
<STRONG>printw</STRONG>, <STRONG>wprintw</STRONG>, <STRONG>mvprintw</STRONG>, and <STRONG>mvwprintw</STRONG> are analogous to <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG>.
In effect, the string that would be output by <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG> is instead
output as though <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">waddstr(3x)</A></STRONG> were used with <EM>win</EM> (or <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>) as its
first argument.
<STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG> and <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG> are analogous to <STRONG>vprintf(3)</STRONG>, and perform a
<STRONG>wprintw</STRONG> using a variable argument list. The third argument is a
<EM>va</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>list</EM>, a pointer to a list of arguments, as defined in <EM>stdarg.h</EM>.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></H2><PRE>
These functions return <STRONG>ERR</STRONG> upon failure and <STRONG>OK</STRONG> upon success.
In <EM>ncurses</EM>, failure occurs if the library cannot allocate enough memory
for the buffer into which the output is formatted, or if the window
pointer <EM>win</EM> is null.
Functions prefixed with "mv" first perform cursor movement and fail if
the position (<EM>y</EM>, <EM>x</EM>) is outside the window boundaries.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></H2><PRE>
No wide character counterpart functions are defined by the "wide"
<EM>ncurses</EM> configuration nor by any standard. To format and write a wide-
character string to a <EM>curses</EM> window, consider using <STRONG>swprintf(3)</STRONG> and
<STRONG><A HREF="curs_addwstr.3x.html">waddwstr(3x)</A></STRONG> or similar.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></H2><PRE>
X/Open Curses, Issue 4 describes these functions. It specifies no
error conditions for them.
<EM>ncurses</EM> defines <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG> and <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG> identically to support legacy
applications. However, the latter is obsolete.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> X/Open Curses, Issue 4 Version 2 (1996), marked <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG> as
requiring <EM>varargs.h</EM> and "TO BE WITHDRAWN", and specified <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG>
using the <EM>stdarg.h</EM> interface.
<STRONG>o</STRONG> X/Open Curses, Issue 5, Draft 2 (December 2007) marked <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>
(along with <STRONG>vwscanw</STRONG> and the <EM>termcap</EM> interface) as withdrawn. After
incorporating review comments, this became X/Open Curses, Issue 7
(2009).
<STRONG>o</STRONG> <EM>ncurses</EM> provides <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>, but marks it as deprecated.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-HISTORY">HISTORY</a></H2><PRE>
While <STRONG>printw</STRONG> was implemented in 4BSD (November 1980), it was unused
until 4.2BSD (August 1983), which employed it for games. That early
version of <EM>curses</EM> preceded the ANSI C standard of 1989. It did not use
<EM>varargs.h</EM>, though that had been available since Seventh Edition Unix
(1979). In 1991 (a couple of years after SVr4 was generally available,
and after the C standard was published), other developers updated the
library, using <EM>stdarg.h</EM> internally in 4.4BSD <EM>curses</EM>. Even with this
improvement, BSD <EM>curses</EM> did not use function prototypes (nor even
declare functions) in <EM>curses.h</EM> until 1992.
SVr2 (1984) documented <STRONG>printw</STRONG> and <STRONG>wprintw</STRONG> tersely as "printf on <STRONG>stdscr</STRONG>"
and "printf on <EM>win</EM>", respectively.
SVr3 (1987) added <STRONG>mvprintw</STRONG> and <STRONG>mvwprintw</STRONG>, with a three-line summary
asserting that they were analogous to <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG>, explaining that the
string that <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG> would write to the standard output stream would
instead be output using <STRONG>waddstr</STRONG> to the given window. SVr3 also
implemented <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>, describing its third parameter as a <EM>va</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>list</EM>,
defined in <EM>varargs.h</EM>, and referred the reader to the manual pages for
<EM>varargs</EM> and <EM>vprintf</EM> for detailed descriptions.
SVr4 (1989) introduced no new variations of <EM>printw</EM>, but provided for
using either <EM>varargs.h</EM> or <EM>stdarg.h</EM> to define the <EM>va</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>list</EM> type.
X/Open Curses, Issue 4 (1995), defined <STRONG>vw_printw</STRONG> to replace <STRONG>vwprintw</STRONG>,
stating that its <EM>va</EM><STRONG>_</STRONG><EM>list</EM> type is defined in <EM>stdarg.h</EM>.
</PRE><H2><a name="h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></H2><PRE>
<STRONG><A HREF="ncurses.3x.html">curses(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_addstr.3x.html">curs_addstr(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG><A HREF="curs_scanw.3x.html">curs_scanw(3x)</A></STRONG>, <STRONG>printf(3)</STRONG>, <STRONG>vprintf(3)</STRONG>
ncurses 6.5 2024-04-20 <STRONG><A HREF="curs_printw.3x.html">curs_printw(3x)</A></STRONG>
</PRE>
<div class="nav">
<ul>
<li><a href="#h2-NAME">NAME</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-RETURN-VALUE">RETURN VALUE</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-NOTES">NOTES</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-PORTABILITY">PORTABILITY</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-HISTORY">HISTORY</a></li>
<li><a href="#h2-SEE-ALSO">SEE ALSO</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</BODY>
</HTML>
|
